学而不思则罔，思而不学则殆。 ——《论语》
Learning is the eye of the mind. 学问是心灵的眼睛。
初二英语（第六讲）
主讲教师：汤 玮
主审教师：严长胜
【教学内容】
第三册第四单元的主要内容是“谈论过去的活动”（Talking about the past activit）通过本单元的学习，学生应熟记掌握新单词、词组及相关句型，学会运用过去进行时态，区别一般过去时态和过去进行时态。
【学习重点】
词汇：draw try horse play with sleep quiet come back angry
be angry with trouble get back just fall asleep at noon
knock at League member
日常交际用语：It’s quite a nice…
I’m very sorry to trouble you, Comrade
I was mending my bike.
语法：The Past Continuous Tence(一) 过去进行时态（一）
【知识讲解】
1、try
⑴作动词，意为“尝试、试（做）、试图、努力”
例如：Maybe I can’t do it. But I’ll try.也许我干不成，但我愿试试。
Would you please try it on? 试穿穿，好吗？
He will try his best to get there on time. 他会尽力按时赶到那儿。
Before I buy the car, I’d like to try it out.那辆车我想先试试再买。
⑵可以跟动词不定式，也可以跟动名词。但二者含义上有区别。try to do sth意为“努力去做某事”，try doing sth则意为“试着（用某些方法）去做某事”，试比较：
Let’s try do to the work well.让我们尽力把工作做好。
Why not try doing it in some other way?何不用别的方法试一试？
She tried to teach herself
English. 她努力自学英语。
She tried knocking at the back door.她尝试着敲敲后门试试。
⑶有时可做及物动词
例如：Try some fish, please! 尝点鱼吧！
⑷还可做名词
例如：Let me have a try. 让我试试！
2、quite
quite修饰名词时，一般置于冠词之前。
例如：He was reading quite a thick book yesterday. 昨天他在读一本厚书？
Jim is quite a good volleyball player. Jim是一个相当好的排球运动员。
3、play
⑴作“打（球等）”，“弹（琴等）”解时，直接用表示球类或乐器类的名词，但球类名词前不加the，乐器名词前则要加the。
例如：Play football/basketball/ Ping-Pong /volleyball/ tennis, etc
踢足球/打篮球（乒乓、排球、网球等）
⑵play with则表示“玩……”
例如：He isn’t playing football .He is only playing with football.
他不是在踢球，他是在玩足球。
The little boy is playing with his toy train. 那孩子在玩他的玩具火车。
4、downstairs
downstairs及upstairs是一对反义词，既可作形容词，又可作副词，修饰名词时，一般作后置定语（也可前置）。
例如：He went upstairs to wake his daughter up. 他上楼去叫醒了他的女儿。
The people downstairs are very noisy. 楼下的那些人熙熙攘攘的。
5、noise
⑴意为“声音、噪音”，形容词为noisy(吵闹的)，副词为noisily(喧闹地)。
例如：I heard a noise in the next room. 我听到隔壁房间有声音。
常用词组为make(a) noise
Don’t make a noise/make any noise. 别吵了。
⑵noise, sound, voice
三个都表示声音，但意思上有区别。noise指人们不愿听到的声音；sound指你能听到的声音，泛指“声音”；voice则指说话和唱歌的嗓音。
例如：Light goes faster than the sound. 光比声音传播得快。
She has a sweet voice. 她嗓音优美。
6、floor
floor作“楼层”解时，美、英表示楼层的方式不同：
英国 美国
一层楼 the ground floor the first floor
二层楼 the first floor the second floor
三层楼 the second floor the third floor
7、angry
⑴形容词，意为“生气的”。
例如：She was angry yesterday. 她昨天生气了。
⑵be angry with sb 表示“生某人的气”。
例如：He was angry with himself. 他生自己的气。
Are you still angry with him? 你还生他的气吗？
⑶be angry at/about sth. 表示“因某事而生气”。
例如：He is angry at your answer. 他对你的回答感到生气。
The teacher was angry at what the student said. 老师因他学生的话生气了。
8、trouble
⑴作名词，表示“困难、麻烦、毛病”等。
例如：He is in trouble now. 他现在正处于困难之中。
What’s the trouble with the machine? 这台机器出什么毛病了？
⑵作动词，表示“麻烦、打扰”。
例如：I’m sorry to trouble you. 对不起打扰您了。
9、He found it difficult to get to sleep. 他觉得难以入睡。
⑴本句中to get to sleep是found的定语，it是形式宾语。在动词find, feel, think之后如果要接不定式作宾语，而宾语又带有一个形容词（或名词）作宾语补足语之后，即构成find/feel/think + it(形式宾语)+adj / n(宾语补足语)+不定式（真正的宾语）的句型。
例如：He found it interesting to study physics. 他觉得物理学起来有趣。
I think it important to do it well. 我认为做好这件事很重要。
I feel it my duty to help you. 我觉得帮助你是我的职责。
⑵注意下列表示“睡觉”的不同含义
go to bed 上床睡觉（指上床睡觉的动作，不表示睡着）
go to sleep/fall asleep/get to sleep 入睡（指进入梦乡的过程）
be asleep 熟睡（指睡眠的状态）
试比较：
He goes to bed later than ten o’clock every night.他每晚十点以后上床睡觉。
The baby is fast asleep. 孩子睡得很香。
I don’t know when I fell asleep(went to sleep, got to sleep) last night.
我不知道我昨晚什么时候睡着的。
8、过去进行时态
⑴构成：由助动词was / were + 动词的现在分词构成
⑵用法：动词的过去进行时表示过去某一时刻或某一段时间内正在进行或发生的动作，或描绘过去发生的某个景象。这一特定的过去时间，除有上下文暗示外，一般用时间状语来表示。
例如：What was he doing this time yesterday? He was cleaning the classroom.
昨天这时他正在做什么？他在打扫教室。
It was raining all day yesterday. 昨天下了一整天的雨。
The teacher was talking to some parents when I saw her.
当我看见我们老师的时候，她正在跟几个家长谈话。
⑶一般过去时与过去进行时的用法比较：
一般过去时表示在过去某个时间发生的动作。强调动作的完成。
过去进行时表示在过去某个时间正在进行的动作。强调动作的进行，不一定做完。
例如： Kate wrote a letter to her friend last night.
凯特昨晚给她的朋友写了封信。（信写完了）
Kate was writing a letter to her friend last night.
凯特昨晚一直在给她的朋友写信。（信不一定写完）
He was
working from eleven o’clock
until late into the night.
他11点到深夜都在工作。
He worked from eleven o’clock until late into the night.
他从11点工作到深夜。
9、He was just falling asleep when there was a knock at the door.
他刚要入睡，就有人敲门。
句中when=and then或and at that time.意思是“就在这（那）时”起并列连词作用，连接两个并列的分句。这种用法的when分句一般位于句末。首句多用进行时态。
I was talking when the teacher came in. 我正在讲话，突然老师走了进来。
One evening we were drinking when Tom brought a friend to our table.
一天晚上，我们正在喝酒，突然Tom带了一位朋友来到我们桌边。
when还有另一种用法，作为从属连词，引导时间状语从句，意为“当……的时候”。
例如：He learned Russian when he was young. 他年轻的时候学习俄语。
We were having supper when my uncle came.
当我叔叔来的时候，我们正在吃晚饭。
when的这两种用法很容易混淆，要在阅读中仔细领会when在句子中的不同内涵。
比较： When I was flying my kite I dropped
my pen on the ground.
当我在放风筝时，我的钢笔掉到了地上。
I was flying my kite when I dropped my pen on the ground.
我正飞着风筝突然我的铅笔
When the
children were leaving school they saw a truck.
孩子们放学回家时看到一辆卡车。
The children were leaving school when they saw a truck.
孩子们正放学回家，这时他们看见了一辆大卡车。
【同步练习】
一、语音：
1、salt A、chalk B、tall C、always D、walk
2、comrade A、cinema B、grade C、happen D、orange
3、town A、trow B、brown C、tow D、Moscow
4、trouble A、southern B、trousers C、group D、shout
5、wishes A、pages B、parties C、tomatoes D、takes
二、选择：
1、I find very important to study English well.
A、this B、the C、it D、with
2、He came on a rainy night, and left morning.
A、next B、tomorrow C、the second D、the next
3、We usually play piano in music lesson.
A、/,the B、/,/ C、the,/ D、the, the
4、I went to bed at ten o’clock last night and at that time my mother at
her desk.
A、was still working B、still was working
C、worked still D、still worked
5、Please sit at end of the boat and don’t move.
A、the others B、other C、another D、other
6、Can you see the mountain far away your window?
A、out of B、in C、from D、out
7、Please draw on the blackboard again.
A、don’t B、not C、mustn’t D、not to
8、Remember fire during holidays.
A、not play B、not to play with
C、not to play D、don’t play with
9、Our classmates are trying better in their physics study.
A、doing B、do C、to do D、will do
10、 a smile she came into my room.
A、Have B、Has C、Carry D、With
11、I was walking in the street I heard someone call me.
A、after B、before C、and D、when
12、He took off his shoes and them on the floor.
A、dropped B、took C、brought D、fell
13、Russian is language for us to learn.
A、a quite difficult B、quite difficult
C、a very difficult D、quite a difficult
14、Don’t worry, there is time left.
A、a little B、little C、few D、a few
15、The room isn’t ours. It’s .
A、Jenny’s and Jerry B、Jenny’s and Jerry’s
C、Jenny and Jerry’s D、Jenny or Jerry
16、Excuse me , ?
A、Where is he drawing pictures
B、What is he drawing pictures
C、Where is he drawing pictures on
D、What is he drawing pictures on
17、I need paper, Can you give me ?
A、a, one B、some, some C、some, any D、a, some
18、He was just falling when he heard a knock the window.
A、sleep, at B、sleeping, on C、asleep, at D、slept, on
19、Anhui is the south of Beijing.
A、in B、on C、at D、to
20、She I came back from work.
A、left until B、didn’t leave before
C、doesn’t leave after D、is leaving when
三、完形填空：
A train stopped at a small station. A man on the train looked 1 the window and waw a woman. The woman was selling cakes, and people from the train 2 them. The man wanted to buy 3 ,but the woman was 4 far from him. It 5 raining and he didn’t want to go out 6 the train.
Suddenly he saw a boy. The boy was walking on the platform(站台) 7 from him.“Come here, boy!”the man said,“Do you know 8 each of the cakes is?”“Five cents(分),”the boy answered. The man gave the boy ten cents and asked him 9 two cakes.“One is for me and 10 for you,”he told the boy. Some minutes later, the boy came back.
He was eating a cake, He gave the man 11 cents and said,“There was only 12 .”
1、A、out B、at C、out of D、up
2、A、are buying B、was buying C、bought D、were buying
3、A、a B、the C、some D、two
4、A、stand B、standing C、stayed D、stood
5、A、is B、was C、had D、were
6、A、in B、of C、at D、with
7、A、not clear B、not far C、far D、near
8、A、how many B、how C、how much D、what is
9、A、buying B、to buying C、to buy D、bought
10、A、other B、another C、others D、the other
11、A、ten B、no C、five D、three
12、A、one cake B、two cakes C、some cakes D、cake
四、根据句意在空格上填上一个恰当的词：
1、I think English is quite interesting subject.
2、Be quiet, please. Don’t make any .
3、 day he came to me for help.
4、When I saw her, she was waiting the bus.
5、My grandpa is old as yours.
五、将下列词组译成英文：
1、昨天中午 2、种蔬菜
3、第二天傍晚 4、把他叫醒
5、楼上的那位清洁工 6、苏州市
7、监管交通 8、感到累
六、用所给动词的适当形式填空：
1、Please wait! I (come) now.
2、A long time ago, men (live)in the cave(洞穴).
3、He (sleep) when his friend (call)him last night.
4、What you （do）when your teacher (ask) you (stand）up this
morning?
5、I’m very glad (see) you again.
6、When and where you (have) the meeting?
7、My mother (do)the cooking when I got home yesterday.
8、If he (see) you, he (ask) you where you （live） now.
9、The boy can’t go out now. t (snow)heavily.
10、We (have)two or three new subjects every term .We (have)computer
next term. We (work)hard at it.
七、改写下列句子，不改变原意：
1、Liverpool is a city. We live there.
we live the Liverpool.
2、My sister found it was not easy to ride a horse.
My sister found ride a horse.
3、My bike was broken. So I was late.
I was late my bike was broken.
4、It was so noisy that he couldn’t falt asleep.
It was so noisy that he couldn’t .
5、In the end, Linda and Lucy were the winners.
, Linda and Lucy .
八、改错：找出错误之处，并加以改正。
1、We hope you’ll enjoy to be with us this year.
2、He’d better not to go out .It's raining outside.
3、Tome and William are all studying very hard.
4、He’s writing on the blackboard with a chalk.
5、My aunt worked in a girl’s school twenty years ago, but now she stays at home.
九、对话配对：
A B
1、Excuse me ,What does this word mean? A、Oh, it was really nothing
2、I think Chinese is less important than science. B、Congratulations! Well done
3、Congratulations C、Which one?
4、Shall I give her a book D、That’s a good idea
5、May I call you Tom? E、Of course, if you wish.
6、We won the race, Mr,Li. F、I really can’t agree with you.
十、翻译：
1、我昨天上午这个时候去他家的时候，他不在写信。
He a letter I to his home yesterday morning.
2、对不起打扰了，有今天的报纸吗？
.Is there a today’s newspaper here?
3、她轻手轻脚地走进了卧室，因为她担心吵醒她。
She the bedroom ,for she was him up.
4、请不要带那个包行吗？
please the boy you?
5、躺在床上看书对身体有害。
It’s your to read .
【同步练习参考答案】
一、1、C 2、D 3、B 4、A 5、A
二、1、C 2、D 3、D 4、A 5、B 6、C 7、A 8、B 9、C 10、D 11、D
12、A 13、C 14、A 15、C 16、A 17、B 18、C 19、D 20、B
第八题：remember to do sth.“记得要去做某事”动词不定式to do的否定式是not to do
三、1、C 2、D 3、C 4、B 5、B 6、B 7、B 8、C 9、C
10、D 11、C 12、A
四、1、an 2、noise 3、One 4、for 5、as
五、1、at noon yesterday 2、grow vegetables
3、the next evening 4、wake him up
5、the cleaner upstairs 6、the city of Suzhou
7、watch the traffic 8、feel tired
六、1、am coming 2、lived 3、was sleeping, called
4、were, doing, to stand 5、to see 6、did, have
7、was doing 8、sees, will ask, are living
9、is snowing 10、have, will, have, will work
七、1、in, city, of 2、it difficult to 3、because
4、get/go ,to sleep 5、At last, won
八、1、to be 改为being 2、not to go out 改为not go out
3、are all改为both 4、a chalk改为a piece of chalk
5、girl’s改为girls’
九、1、C 2、F 3、A 4、D 5、E 6、B
十、1、wasn’t, writing, when, went, at, this, time
2、I’m sorry to trouble you
3、Went into, quietly, afraid, of waking
4、Would you, not ,take / carry ,with
5、bad, for, health, in bed