九年级英语上期中复习辅导
单词用法小结
1. could 的用法 到目前为止，我们多次用到could，下面，把它的用法总结如下：
（1）could 是can的过去式，意思是“能够”。
e. g. He could speak English when he was a child.他小时候就能说英语了。
（2）用于现在时，比can更委婉，或表示虚拟语气。
e. g. Could I help you? 我能帮你做点什么？(比Can I help you?委婉)
e. g. If I could go, I should be glad.假如我能去，那我会很高兴。（表虚拟语气）
（3）could表示推测，意思是“大概，可能”，肯定性不大。
e. g. This book could be Mei’s. She studies French.这本书可能是梅的，她学法语。
（4）could 用于提出建议。
e.g. ---I’d like to help kids with their schoolwork.我愿意帮孩子们复习功课。
---You could volunteer in an after-school study program.你可以在课外学习班做义工。
2. Not only do I feel good about helping other people, but I get to spending time doing what I love to do.
关于帮助别人，我不但感觉很好，而且我开始花时间做我喜欢做的事。
not only … but also… 不但…而且…
（1）它可以连接句子的主语、谓语、表语、宾语等，强调but also引出的内容。当用来连接主语时，谓语应与最近的主语保持一致。如：
a. I went to see not only him but also his brother.（连接宾语）
我不仅是去看他，而且去看他的弟弟。
b. Not only the students but also their teacher likes football.
不仅学生们喜欢足球，老师也喜欢。
(连接主语，谓语likes与teacher的人称和数保持一致)
（2）not only…but also…中的also可以省略。
e.g. Not only Mary but Tom and Jack are going to see the film.
（3）not only…but also 是个并列连词短语，连接谓语时，不能用not去构成否定句，更不能用缩写形式。如：
He not only gave me some English books but also told me how to learn English.
不能写成：He did not only gave me some English books but also told me how to learn English.
或 He didn’t only gave me some English books but also told me how to learn English.
（4）当not only位于句首时，前一个分句倒装，即谓语或部分谓语提到主语前面。并列主语时除外。
如： Not only did he come, but also he was very happy.
3. volunteer ：A person who performs or offers to perform a service of his or her own free
will. 志愿按他或她自己的自由意愿进行或要求进行服务的人.
an information booth staffed by volunteers（志愿者任职的咨询台）；hospital volunteers（医院志愿人员）；volunteer firefighters（志愿消防员）；volunteer tutoring（志愿导游）。
4. These three students all volunteer their time to help other people. 这三个学生都自愿花时间
来帮助别人。 Volunteer.. to do sth .自愿做某事。
5. He spends every Saturday morning working in an animal hospital. 他每周六上午在一家动物医院
工作。下面，总结一下关于“花费”的词：
（1）spend 的主语必须是人，宾语可以是钱、精力、时间等，用法如下
a. spend …on (for)+名词
e.g. He spends much money on books.
他用很多钱在买书上。
b. spend …(in) doing sth.
e.g. Every morning he spends half an hour(in) reading English.
每天早上，他用半个小时时间读英语。
（2）cost的主语必须是物，意为“某物花费某人多少时间/金钱”。
e.g. The book costs him one dollar. 这本书用了他一美元。
Making experiments like this costs much time and labor.
做这样的实验要花费我很多时间和劳动。
（3）take表示“花费”时，主语一般是一件事，表明“事情完成花费了…”
常用 “It takes(took) sb some time to do sth.” 结构。
e.g. It took me ten minutes to go to the post office.到邮局用去了我十分钟的时间。
另外，如：Painting the picture took me all week.画这幅画用了我整整一周的时间。
（4）pay 意思是“支付”，作为及物动词，宾语可以是人、钱。如：
He paid the taxi and hurried to the station. 他付了出租车的钱，急忙向车站赶去。
They had to pay two hundred francs. 他得付二百法郎。
pay for 的宾语为物、事。for 表示支付的原因。
e. g. You’ll have to pay me ten dollars a week for your meals.
你得每周支付我十美元饭钱。