Unit 22 A world of fun
●目标导引
Ⅰ.单词及短语
besides,risk,scream one's way to…,lead to,allow,divide
Ⅱ.本单元语法
分词作状语
●内容精讲
Ⅰ.单词及短语精讲
1.experience n.&v. 经验［ｕ］; 经历［ｃ］; 形容词为：experienced 有丰富经验的
e.g.Don't correct him all the time－he'll learn by experience.
别总纠正他的错误－他自己会通过经验学会的。
Our journey by came1 was quite an exper ience.
骑骆驼旅行真是一次难忘的经历。
e.g.I experienced great difficulty in getting a visa to leave the country.
申请出国签证经历了很大的困难。
e.g.She's very experienced at /in repairing cars.
2.step v.(行)走；踩，踏 n.脚步(声)；步骤；台阶
e.g.I stepped forward to receive the prize.我走上前去领奖。
I stepped in a puddle and got my foot wet. 我踩进了一个小水坑，把脚弄湿了。
e.g.Take 2 steps forward.向前跨两步。
Mind the steps outside the door.小心门外的台阶。
step 作为名词构成的短语有：
step by step 逐渐地，一步一步地
take steps (to do sth.)采取措施(做……)
watch one's step 小心
3.achievement n.完成，达到，成就，成绩 动词为：achieve 完成，达到，获得
e.g.He felt a great sense of achievement when he reached the top of the
mountain.
当到达山顶的时候，他有一种巨大的成就感。
He has broken 2 world records in one day,which is quite an achievement.
他一天打破两项世界纪录，这真是了不起的成绩。
e.g.He will never achieve anything if he doesn't work hard.
如果不努力，他会一事无成。
The company has achieved a 100% increase in profitability.
这家公司的利润增加了一倍。
4.risk n.&v. 风险，危险；冒……的危险，冒失去……危险
e.g.There's a risk that the fire would break out again.
大火再烧起的危险仍然存在。
By criticizing the boss he risked losing his job.
他冒了失去饭碗的危险去批评老板。
She risked her life trying to save the drowning child.
她冒着生命危险去救那个溺水儿童。
risk 作名词构成的词组有：
at risk 处于危险之中
at the risk of 冒……的危险
take /run a risk 冒险
take/run the risk of 冒……的危险
e.g.He saved my life at the risk of losing his own.
他冒着失去生命的危险救了我。
I don't want to take the risk of meeting George,so I'll stay here.
我不想碰上乔治，所以我要呆在这儿。
Ⅱ.句子精讲
5.The parks are becoming more advanced and new technology allows us to experience almost anything without actually being in danger of risking injury. 公园变得越来越先进，新技术使我们不用身处危险，也不会受伤就可以有各种经历。
in danger 处于危险
in 与其他抽象名词构成的短语还有：
in debt 负债;in need (of) 需要
in doubt 怀疑;in search of 寻找
in peace 平静地; in praise of 表扬
in silence 沉默;in support /favor of 支持，赞成
in power 当权; in honour /memory of 为了纪念
in return 作为回报;in charge of 负责
in trouble 处境困难; in the charge of 由……负责
in detail 详细地;in possession of 拥有，持有
in advance 提前； in the possession of 由……拥有/持有，在……手中
in common (有)共同之处
in public 公开地
in society 在社会上
in space 在太空
e.g.He is in charge of the class.他负责这个班。
=The class is in his charge./in the charge of him.
6. So if you want to know what it feels like to fall through the air,take off in a rocket,fly a helicopter,walk next a lion,or fight alien creatures in outer space,visit one of the theme parks in your area.如果你想知道从高空落下，坐火箭升空，开直升飞机，在狮子身旁散步，或同外星生物搏斗的感觉是怎样的，那就去你们那儿的主题公园吧。
take off 升空 ，起飞；脱下(衣服)；休(……天)假
e.g.I'm taking Thursday off because I'm moving house.
因为搬家，我星期四休假。
take 构成的短语还有：
(1)take back 收回
e.g.I'm sorry I was rude ;I take back everything I said.
对不起我失礼了，我承认我所说的全错了。
(2)take down 拿下来，记下来
e.g.Take down his address.把他的地址记下来。
(3)take on 雇用，呈现，露出
e.g.His face took on a worried look.他脸上露出担忧的神情。
We decided to take on a new clerk.我们决定雇用一个新职员。
(4)take out 取出，带sb. 出去，洗去(污迹)
e.g.Petrol will take out that stain.汽油可以去掉那块污迹。
(5)take over 接管
e.g.He is taking over my job while I am on holiday.
我度假期间，他将接手我的工作。
(6)take up 开始做……；占用(时间)
e.g.John took up acting while he was at college.
约翰在上大学时开始演戏。
The job took up most of Sunday.这工作占用了大半个星期天。
(7)take sb.by surprise 使某人大吃一惊
take turns 轮流； take pride in 以……为骄傲； take steps /measures /action 采取措施； take up arms 拿起武器； take…for granted 认为理所当然，想当然地认为
7.Like roller coasters,thrill rides use cars that ride on tracks,but instead of rolling,twisting,and looping like the roller coasters,thrillrides use speed,motion,and special effects to give you a thrill.和摩天轮一样，过山车采用沿轨道行驶的车。但它靠高速、位移，和特殊效果来给人以兴奋、震颤感，而不是像摩天轮一样滚动、翻转、环绕。
instead of 而不……，代替……(可以接名词，代词，动名词，介词短语等)
e.g.We walked down the stairs instead of taking the elevator.
我们走楼梯而不是坐电梯下去的。
He studies in the evening instead of during the day.他晚上学，而不是白天学。
比较：instead 作为替代(没／不……而……)
e.g.I don't like this one ;give me that instead.我不喜欢这个，给我那一个吧。
比较：rather than 而不是
e.g.The color seems green rather than /instead of blue.这个颜色看起来像绿色而不是蓝色。
rather than 还可以表示，与其……宁愿……，有时可以接动词原形。
e.g.Rather than allow the vegetables to go bad,he sold them at half price.
与其让蔬菜腐坏，他选择半价把它们卖掉了。
He would rather die than give in.他宁死不屈。
8.You sit in a car that “falls” from tall towers and you scream your way down to a safe landing.你坐在车里，车从高塔上“掉”下来，你一路尖叫，直到安全着陆。
scream one's way (to…)一路尖叫，尖叫着前行
还有些动词可与one's way 搭配，表示以……方式前行／走:
(１)make one's way (排除困难)去／前行
e.g.I made my way home.我回家去。
(２)feel one's way 摸索着前行
fight /push one's way 推挤着前行
e.g.He pushed his way through the crowd.他从人群中挤出一条路来。
(３)wind one's way 蜿蜒向前
e.g.The Great Wall winds its way from west to east.
长城从西向东蜿蜒向前。
9.Your task is to design a new theme park that will attract as many visitors as possible.你的任务是设计出一个新的主题公园，让它尽可能多地吸引游客。
as…as 像……一样，这一比较结构用法如下：
(1)as +形容词或副词原级+as
e.g.He is as clever as his brother.他和他哥哥一样聪明。
(2)as +形容词原级+a +可数名词单数+as
as +形容词原级+可数名词复数+as
as +形容词原级+不可数名词+as
e.g.He is as clever a boy as his brother.他和他哥哥一样是个聪明的男孩。
They have produced as many cars as they did last year.
他们生产了和去年一样多的车。
I have spent as much money as him.
我和他花的钱一样多。
(3)as…as 前还可加一个表示倍数或分数的状语
e.g.The population of that country was eight times as large as that of Scotland.
那个国家的人口数是苏格兰人口数的八倍。
含有倍数(或分数)的比较结构总结如下：
1)A is 倍数+as big (high,long,wide…)as B
2)A is 倍数+bigger (higher,longer，wider…)than B
3)A is 倍数+the size (height,length,width…)of B
e.g.This room is four times as big as that one.这间房是那间房的四倍大。
=This room is three times bigger than that one.
=This room is four times the size of that one.
注意：比较的双方A与B应属同类可比事物，所以不能说：
The size of this room is 4 times as big as that one.
10.Does this road lead to … ？这条路通向……吗？
lead to 通向；导致，引起
e.g.All roads lead to Rome.条条大路通罗马。
Too much work and too little rest often leads to illness.
过多的工作，太少的休息会引起疾病。
This will lead to trouble in the future.这将导致以后的麻烦。
表示“导致、造成”的词语还有：cause， result in
反义词为：result from 由……造成
近义词为：lie in 在于(……方面)
owe…to…把……归因于……
e.g.His failure resulted from not working hard enough.
他的失败是由于不够努力。
=His not working hard enough resulted in failure.他的不够努力导致了失败。
The reason for his failure lies in his not working hard enough.
他失败的原因就在于他不够努力。
He owed his success to working hard.他把成功归功于努力工作。
Ⅱ.语法精讲
11.分词作状语
(1)分词短语在句中作状语可以表示时间、原因、条件、让步等，其结构相当于一个状语从句。
e.g.They sat in front of their house laughing and chatting.(表伴随)
他们坐在房前又说又笑。
Being so poor in those days,we couldn't afford to send the boy to
hospital.(= As we were so poor …)(表原因)
那时我们那么穷，没钱送那孩子上医院。
Compared with you,we still have a long way to go.(表条件)
和你比起来我们还有很大差距。
Enemies,once discovered,were completely wiped out.(表让步)
一旦发现敌人，就把他们彻底歼灭了。
Picked 20 times a year,it grows tired only in 40 or 50 years.
(=Though it is picked…)(表让步)
尽管一年要摘20次，它(茶树)要四五十年之后才会衰老。
(2)分词作状语时，分词表示的必须是主语的一个动作或状态，即分词的逻辑主语就是主句的主语。用现在分词还是用过去分词作状语，需由主语来决定。
e.g.Walking through the park,we saw a lot of birds.(正确)
Walking through the park,the birds looked very beautiful.(错误)
走过公园时，我们看到了很多鸟儿。
Standing on the tower,we could see the whole city.(正确)
Standing on the tower,the whole city could be seen.(错误)
站在塔上我们能俯瞰全城。
Seen from the hill,the town looks beautiful.
=Seeing from the hill,we find the town beautiful.从山上看这座城镇很漂亮。
(3)分词作状语时，如果分词动作在主句谓语所表示的动作之前发生，分词应用现在分词的完成形式。
e.g.Having been there many times,he offered to be our guide.
那地方他去过多次，因此他主动提出要给我们作向导。
Having eaten their fill,the children were allowed to leave the table.
孩子们都吃好之后，就让他们离开了。
有时还用完成被动形式：
e.g.Having been told again and again,he still can't remember it.
给他讲了一遍又一遍，可他还是记不住。
Having been given such a good chance,how could she let it slip away?
人家给了她这样一个好机会，她怎么能轻易放过？
(４)分词作状语时，否定副词not 放在分词之前。
e.g.Not knowing her address,we couldn't get in touch with her.
由于不知道她的地址，我们无法和她联系。
Not having received an answer,he decided to write another letter to them.
由于没接到回信，他决定给他们再写一封信。
●迁移发散
12.expect v.期待；料想 名词为：expectation
e.g.I expect (him)to fail the exam.我预料(他)无法通过考试。
You can't expect children to be quiet all the time.
你不能指望孩子们一直保持安静。
expect 只能接 to do 不定式作宾语。 类似动词还有：
afford (抽得出时间；买得起)，decide (决定)，determine (下决心)，fail(没能做成),long (渴望)，appear (似乎)，seem(好像)，choose(选择)， prepare(准备),arrange (安排；准备)，promise(答应)，pretend(假装)，plan(计划),manage(设法做成)，offer(主动提出)，attempt(试图，努力)，hesitate(犹豫)
e.g.He pretended not to see me when I passed by.
当我路过时他假装没看见我。
They seek to reduce waste.他们设法减少废物。
We arrange to meet him at the hotel.我们安排在旅馆同他见面。
He offered to drive us the station.他提出要开车送我们去车站。
［过关题］－Can you__________here a little longer？
－No,my parents expect__________home early.
A.remain;my coming B.remain; me to come
C.stay; my coming D.stay; me to come
答案：D
［过关题］－Where is George？ He said he would meet me at 3 o'clock.
－He seems__________with Mr.Brown in the office.
A.to talk B.to be talking
C.to have talked D.talking
答案：B
13.divide v.分，把……分成；分配；除
e.g.The country is divided into 12 provinces. 这个国家分为１２个省。
He divides his spare time between working and looking after the children.
他把业余时间分别用在工作和照看孩子上。
Divide 15 by 3,and you'll get 5. 15除以3得5.
比较：
(１)separate v.分开，把……和……分开
divide 强调把一个整体分成若干部分，通常与into搭配；separate 表示把不同的事物分开，通常与from搭配。
e.g.A fence separates the garden from the sidewalk.
篱笆把花园和人行道分开了。
separate 还可以表示分手，作为形容词表示单独的，不同的。
e.g.We talked until midnight and then separated.
我们一直谈到午夜才分开。
The children sleep in separate beds.
孩子们各睡各的床。
(2)divide 表示“除”，反义词为：multiply 乘；add表示“加”；subtract 表示“减”，这四个词都是动词，它们与它们相应的介词的用法如下：
e.g.How much is 5 multiplied by 3？5乘３是多少？
=How much is 5 times 3？
e.g.How much is 5 added to 3？5加3得多少？
=How much is 5 plus 3？
e.g.How much is 3 subtracted from 5？５减３得多少？
=How much is 5 minus 3？
［过关题］A narrow strait__________Europe from Africa.
A.separates B.divides
C.makes D.takes
答案：A
14.think 动词类
think(认为)，guess(猜想)，suppose (设想)，believe(相信)，expect (期待)，imagine(想象)，此类动词有如下共同特点：
(1)否定转移
e.g.I don't think you are right.我认为你不对。
(2)所接宾语从句有特殊疑问词引导时，特殊疑问词放在句首。
e.g.What do you expect he can get？你盼望着他得到什么？
(3)主句主语为I/We时，反意疑问句与从句一致，注意否定转移
e.g.We don't believe he is a bad boy，is he?我们相信他不是个坏孩子，对吗？
(4)肯定句替代形式用so,否定句替代形式为…don't think so.或…think not。
e.g.—Do you suppose it will rain tomorrow—你认为明天会下雨吗？
—I suppose so.—我设想如此。
(或：I don't suppose so = I suppose not.我想不会。)
［过关题］I don't suppose anyone will volunteer,__________ ?
A.do I B.don't I
C.will they D.won't they
答案：C
课文背景阅读
Details about a theme park
88 scenic spots carefully selected from 66 countries which have the most particular national features in the world are to be duplicated around Lake Lianan with a vast expanse of water of over 2 million square metres of water,surrounded by mountains all sides.The scenic spots being built will provide shopping,eating,and lodging facilities for visitors to experience in person such as exotic customs while being entertained by cooks,attendants,folk dancers from countries where the culture originates.
Different styles of architecture and people with different colours will create a Real World of Wonder.Participation items for the visitor are varied and colourful,each with unique feature of its own.Visitors will be exposed to Scandanavian Landscape,South American Scene,the toughness of American Cowboys and tenderness of Oriental Girls,Sauna from Finland.Turkey and Russia,the French Cuisine,Indian speciality and Argentine BBQ,plantations of Korea,Mexico and Romania,Bhutanese mountain cottage,Gypsy Camp,Kenyan Treetop hotel,Hawaiian Beach,Vienna Music,Botswanian drilling fire and American Indian hunting and sacrifice,Casino in Macao and Grass-Skiing in Australia.What excitement and adventure! How wonderful and romantic!
●课后训练
一、单项选择
1.It's eight o'clock and Mary is still working in the office.
－I know.Who else would__________she does
A.be as hardworking as B.work as hard as
C.be working harder than D.do hard work than
2.It's too late to set out for watching the sunrise now ;__________,it's starting to rain.
A.besides B.meanwhile
C.however D.anyhow
3.－How do you like the lecture last Friday
－Terrible.Though__________to stop,the__________speaker kept on talking at the meeting.
A.being told;exciting B.telling; excited
C.to be told;exciting D.told;excited
４.－Shall we cook together?
－Well,__________.You buy food one day.I'll buy it another.That'll be better.
A.that's a good idea B.let's help each other
C.that's all right D.let's take turns
５.Americans eat__________vegetables per person today as they did in 1910.
A.more than twice B.as twice as many
C.twice as many as D.more than twice as many
６.I didn't expect them__________for me when I arrived there so late.
A.to wait B.to be waiting
C.to have waited D.to have been waiting
7.We are taught that a business letter should be written in a formal style__________in a personal one.
A.rather than B.better than
C.more than D.less than
8.－Which of the fashionable dresses do you like best ?
－__________.They are both expensive and of little use.
A.None B.Nothing
C.Neither D.Either
9.I __________her to reply in the next few days,but up to now no reply came to me.
A.hoped B.waited
C.looked forward D.expected
10.－What did the doctor say yesterday afternoon？
－The doctor said,“__________on time,this medicine will be quite effective.”
A.Taking B.Being taken
C.Taken D.Having taken
11.Xiao's husband gave all of his wages to her,__________some pocket money for cigarettes.
A.except for B.rather than
C.and yet D.but for
12.These examples,once __________to his article,will make it sound more reasonable.
A.add B.to add
C.adding D.added
13.－He failed his exam again.
－But what did you __________ Had he ever been working hard?
A.think B.expect
C.consider D.regard
14.__________get such a book?
A.Where do you think can I B.Do you think where can I
C.Where do you think I can D.Do you think where I can
15.After recovering from his illness,he was advised to__________gardening as a hobby.
A.take away B.take off
C.take on D.take up
16.He sent me an E-mail,__________to get further information.
A.hoped B.hoping
C.to hope D.hope
17.__________in 1636,Harvard is one of the most famous universities in the USA.
A.Being founded B.It was founded
C.Founded D.Founding
18.__________sure of the word,he looked it up in the dictionary.
A.Not being B.Not having been
C.Being not D.Not to be
19.Though__________money,his parents managed to send him to university.
A.lacked B.lacking of
C.lacking D.lacked in
20.__________in thought,he almost ran into the car in front of him.
A.Lossing B.Having lost
C.Lost D.To lose
21.European football is played in 80 countries,__________it the most popular sport in the world.
A.making B.makes
C.made D.to make
22.__________here in time,he came__________all the way.
A.Getting;running B.To get ;running
C.To be getting; to run D.To get ;to run
23.The young man rushed out of the room,__________into his car and started it hurriedly,__________to get home as soon as possible.
A.got ;hoped B.getting ;and hoped
C.got ; hoping D.getting ; hoped
24.Finding her car stolen,__________.
A.a policeman was asked to help B.the area was searched thoroughly
C.it was looked for everywhere D.she hurried to a policeman for help
25.The research is so designed that once __________nothing can be done to change it.
A.begins B.having begun
C.beginning D.begun
26.__________the poem a second time,the meaning will become clearer to you.
A.You having read B.While reading
C.If reading D.When you read
27.Just after putting away the dishes,__________.
A.the doorbell rang loud B.Nancy heard the doorbell ring
C.someone knocked at the door D.the doorbell was rung
28.__________your composition carefully,some spelling mistakes can be avoided.
A.Having checked B.Check
C.If you check D.To check
29.__________at the door before entering please.
A.Knocked B.To knock
C.Knocking D.Knock
30.From the dates__________on the gold jar,we decided that it was made at least 800 years ago.
A.marked B.marking
C.to be marked D.having been marked
二、完形填空
On Thursday afternoon Mrs.Clarke locked the door and went to the women's club as usual.It was a pleasant way of passing time 1 an old woman who lived 2 .
When she came home she sensed something 3 .Had someone got in the back door and the windows were all 4 and there was no 5 of forced entry (进入).Had 6 been taken She went from room to room, 7 ,and found her camera and spare watch 8 .The following Thursday she wen out at her 9 time,but didn't go to the club. 10 she took a short walk in a park nearby and came home, 11 herself in through the back door.She settled down to wait and see what would 12 .
It was 4 o'clock when the front doorbell rang.Mrs.Clarke was 13 tea at the time.The bell rang again,and 14 she heard her letter-box being pushed open. 15 the kettle of boiling water,she moved quietly 16 the door.A 17 of wire appeared through the letter-box,and then a 18 .The wire turned and caught around the knob (圆形旋钮)on the doorlock .Mrs.Clarke raised the kettle and 19 the water over the hand. 20 was heard outside as the 21 fell to the floor and the hand was pulled back ,which was 22 by the sound of running feet.
It wasn't long 23 the police caught the thief.And Mrs.Clarke was greatly 24 at the club for her successful 25 .
1.A.by B.to C.with D.for
2.A.lonely B.alone C.away D.busily
3.A.terrible B.uncomfortable C.unusual D.bad
4.A.locked B.opened C.broken D.fixed
5.A.scence B.show C.sign D.sight
6.A.anything B.nothing C.money D.jewels
7.A.looking B.examining C.searching D.checking
8.A.losing B.missing C.leaving D.disappearing
9.A.same B.spare C.special D.usual
10.A.Therefore B.However C.Instead D.Again
11.A.pushing B.letting C.pulling D.leading
12.A.appear B.follow C.happen D.continue
13.A.cooking B.making C.burning D.serving
14.A.the next moment B.for a while C.in time D.at once
15.A.Putting down B.Laying aside C.Picking up D.Taking away
16.A.towards B.away from C.from behind D.near
17.A.pile B.set C.lot D.piece
18.A.knife B.hand C.letter D.key
19.A.spread B.dropped C.poured D.covered
20.A.A sad voice B.A strange noise C.A warning shout D.A sharp cry
21.A.key B.kettle C.door lock D.wire
22.A.followed B.caused C.produced D.ended
23.A.before B.since C.until D.when
24.A.surprised B.admired C.inspired D.supported
25.A.selfsatisfaction B.selfprotection C.self-respect D.self-service
三、阅读理解
A
It was at least two months before Christmas when nine-year-old Almie Rose told her father and me that she wanted a new bicycle.As Christmas drew nearer,her desire for a bicycle seemed to fade,or so we thought.We bought the latest rages,Baby-Sitter's Club dolls,and a doll house .Then,much to our surprise,on December 23rd,she said that she“really wanted a bike more than anything else.”
It was just too late,what with all the details of preparing Christmas dinner and buying last-minute gifts,to take the time to select the“right bike” for our little girl.So,here we were Christmas Eve around 9:00 p.m,with Almie and her six-year-old brother,Dylan,nestled snug in their beds.Now we could only think of the bicycle and the disappointment of our child.“What if I make a little bicycle out of clay and write a note that she could trade the clay model in for a real bike‘her dad asked'.This is an expensive item and she is such a big girl 'it would be much better for her to pick it out.”So he spent the next four hours painstakingly working with clay to make a tiny bike.
On Christmas morning,we were excited for Almie to open the little heart-shaped package with the beautiful red and white clay bike and the note.Finally,she opened it and read the note aloud.“Does this mean that I trade in this bike that Daddy made me for a real one ”Beaming,I said,“Yes”.Almie had tears in her eyes when she replied,“I could never trade in this beautiful bicycle that Daddy made me.I'd rather keep this than get a real bike.”At that moment,we would have moved heaven and earth to buy her every bicycle on the planet!
1.Choose the right time order of the following events.
a.The girl asked for a new bike.
b.The girl opened the little heart-shaped package.
c.The parents bought the girl a modern and popular doll.
d.The father made the girl a bike with clay.
e.The girl would rather keep the clay bike than get a real one.
A.a,b,c,e,d B.a,c,d,b,e
C.a,c,b,d,e D.a,b,d,c,e
2.Which of the following statements is true according to the passage？
A.The parents wanted the girl to have the clay bike for ever.
B.Tears were in the girl's eyes because she didn't like the present at all.
C.The girl never lost her desire for a bike.
D.The parents paid little attention to the daughter's desire for a bike.
3.Why did Dad make the clay bicycle？
A.He wanted his daughter to buy a real one.
B.He didn't want to disappoint his daughter.
C.He thought his daughter would like it.
D.He wanted to give his daughter a surprise.
4.What can be inferred from the last sentence？
A.The parents were happy and encouraged.
B.The parents felt comfortable and relaxed.
C.The parents were moved and felt proud of the girl.
D.The parents felt disappointed and sorry for the girl.
B
Before the mid-nineteenth century,people in the United States ate most foods only in season.Drying,smoking,and salting could keep meat for a short time,but the chance of eating fresh meat and drinking fresh milk was very limited:there was no way to keep food from going bad.But in 1810 a French inventor named Nicolas Appert developed the cooking-and sealing technique of canning.And in the 1850's an American named Gail Borden developed a means of keeping milk fresh.Canned foods and condensed milk became more common during the 1860's,but supplies remained low because cans had to be made by hand.By 1880,however,inventors had developed modern machines that mass produced cans from tinplate.Suddenly all kinds of food could be kept and bought at all times of the year.
Other inventions had also helped make it possible for Americans to change their daily diets.Growing populations increased food demand and stimulated fruit and vegetable farmers to raise more production.Railroad refrigerator cars made it possible to ship growers and packed meat fresh to faraway places without worrying they would go bad.Thus,by the 1890's northern city settlers could enjoy southern and western strawberries,grapes,and tomatoes,for a month at most in the past,for up to six months of the year .Besides,increased use of iceboxes made it possible for families to store food which could easily go bad.An easy means of producing ice had been invented in the 1870's,and by 1900 the nation had more than two thousand ice plants,most of which made home deliveries.The icebox became common equipment in most homes and remained so until the refrigerator replaced it in the 1920's and 1930's.Almost everyone now has a variety of diet.
5.What does the passage mainly discuss？
A.Causes of food going bad.
B.Production of iceboxes.
C.Inventions that led to changes in food and drink.
D.Canned food.
6.The word “stimulated”can be replaced by “__________”.
A.reduced B.encouraged
C.enabled D.persuaded
7.The writer suggested that in the 1920's and 1930's home deliveries of ice __________.
A.reduced in number B.became very common
C.increased in cost D.took place all the year
8.Which of the following is supported by the passage ？
A.Cans and iceboxed helped develop food supply.
B.Ice factories were developed by railroad refrigerator cars.
C.Most farmers is the United States raised fruits and vegetable.
D.People demanded home deliveries of variety of food and drink.
四 、短文改错
I used to going to the countryside to draw animals 1.__________
and plants.One day I was walking across a field, 2.__________
looking for rabbits to draw.Losing in thought,I hadn't 3.__________
noticed a bull to running towards me.About 100 4.__________
metres ahead was a tree under that I would sit and 5.__________
draw.Suddenly,I heard the noise behind me.I turned 6.__________
and saw the bull.Knowing a bull can run more faster 7.__________
than a man,I quickly reached the tree and climb up. 8.__________
From there I saw the bull kicking my food bag by its 9.__________
feet.It kept done this for 15 minutes and moved away. 10.__________
But I was quite nervous in the tree.
五、书面表达
先读下面的一封信：
Dear editor,
My family is not rich,though I think my parents' income is enough for our small family.But unlike my classmates,I don't have pocket money(零花钱).Now I am beginning to pay attention to my clothes.But my parents don't buy me T-shirts,or the jackets I like.My birthday presents are only food.Please give me some advice.
Yours,
Zhang Xiao
请你以 editor 的身份回信，写明以下几点：
1.叙说你自己以前类似的境况；
2.建议他(她)做父母的工作以满足自己的要求；
3.鼓励他(她)多体谅父母并可考虑靠自力更生解决自己的问题。字数100个词左右。
Unit 22 A world of fun
一、单项选择
1.B 与后面she does相对应。
2.A besides 表示“而且”。
3.D 主语the speaker 与tell 为被动关系。
4.D take turns 轮流。
5.D 倍数+as…as…。
6.B 当我到达的时候，没想到他们正在等我。
7.A rather than “而不是”。
8.A 从上文best可看出dresses至少三件，用none表示“都不……”。与both…and…无关。
9.D hope不可接sb to do sth.。
10.C taken相当于if this medicine is taken on time。
11.A except for “只不过”。
12.D added 相当于once they are added…。
13.B expect 期待，料想。
14.C do you think 为插入语。
15.D take up doing…开始做……。
16.B hoping 表伴随“信中希望”。
17.C 主语与found 为被动关系。
18.A not being 相当于“because he was not sure…”。
19.C lack为及物动词。
20.C be lost in thought 陷入沉思。
21.A making 部分作状语， 表示结果。
22.B to do 表示目的； running 作方式状语。
23.C and 连接并列的三个过去式，hoping 为伴随状语。
24.D 句中主语应为状语中动词finding 的发出者。
25.D begun 相当于once the research is begun…。
26.D 主语与状语中动词没有直接关系，所以用状语从句，而不用分词作状语。
27.B 分词putting away…的逻辑主语为Nancy。
28.C 同No.26。
29.D 祈使句。
30.A 过去分词短语作定语，修饰dates。
二、完形填空
1.D for 对于……来说。
2.B alone 单独地，独自。
3.C 不同寻常的事情。
4.A 从下文可看出，“门窗都锁着”。
5.C there was no sign of… 没有……迹象表明。
6.A
７.D check 检查；核对。
８.B missing 等于lost,表示丢了。
9.D 10.C 11.B 12.C
13.B make tea沏茶。
14.A
15.C pick up 拿起。
16.A 1７.D 1８.B
19.C pour 倾倒。
20.D 一声尖叫。
21.D 22.A
23.A It wasn't long before…没过多久就……。
24.B admire 钦佩。
25.B 自我保护。
三、阅读理解
1.B
2.C 从文中可以看出，女孩的父母以为她对自行车的渴望消退了，实际相反。
3.B 从第二段可以看出。
4.C 女孩的父母被女孩感动。
5.C 文章讲述了食品储藏的发明对食品的影响。
6.B 表示“促进，刺激”。
7.A 冰箱的出现取代了用冰块储存食品。
8.A 从第二段可以看出。
四、短文改错
1.going改为go 2.√ 3.Losing改为Lost 4.去掉to 5.that改为 which 6.The改为 a 7.more改为much或去掉more 8.climb改为climbed 9.by改为with 10.done 改为doing
五、书面表达
Dear Zhang Xiao,
I understand how you feel.My mum bought me only second-hand clothes until I was 14 years old.I once talked to her and explained how different I felt from other students.It worked! She started giving me a small amount of money for extra clothes.So,talk to your parents to let them know that clothes are important to you and that you would prefer T-shirts to food on your birthday.
Not all parents can give their children everything they want.Many children have to help out their parents.If your parents can't buy the sort of clothes you want,think about getting a part-time job during the school holidays.With the money you earn,you can buy the clothes you want.
Editor