Unit 1必会习语
1．What is sb. like?
What does sb. look like？
What does sb. like?
How does sb like/find sth?
2. argue with sb. about sth 因…和某人争执
3. enjoy/hate sth/ doing sth
4. so / nor/ neither + 系动／助动／情动 + 主语
So it is with...; It is the same with...
5. be into 对…深感兴趣 =be
interested in; have/show interest in
5. be fond of 喜欢 care for; like; enjoy;
6. surf the internet 上网冲浪
7. all the time 一直 总是
8. imagine that...; imagine (sb/sb’s) doing sth
imagine sb to be 想像某人是
CHUCK’S FRIEND
7. cast away 抛弃
8. so…that…/such…that… 如此…以致…
He was so excited that he could not speak.
So excited was he that he could not speak.
It was such a lovely day that we decided to go outing.
It was so lovely a day that we decided to go outing.
It is amusing that such little birds eat so much food.
9. the Pacific Ocean; the Atlantic Ocean;
the Indian Ocean; the arctic Ocean;
10. survive the crash 在空难中幸存
11. a deserted island 荒岛
12. all alone 独自 = all by oneself
区别： alone 单独的；独自的
lonely 孤独的；寂寞的
13. hunt for 搜寻 寻找 search for;
12．make fire 生火
13．in order to 为了 so as
to; in order that; so that
14．even though/even if 即使，纵然 as if / as though
15．treat…as/like… 把…当作 regard...as...; think of...as
16．share sth. with sb. 与…分享 share (in) sth 分享
17．care about/for 关心，照顾，喜欢
care to do sth 愿意做；care for sb to do sth 愿意某人做
care + 从句 愿意；介意
18．should have done 本来应该 =ought to have done
19．make friends with 与…交朋友
20．such as 例如 for
example；for instance
WORD STUDY &
GRAMMAR
21. keep...as a pet
22. regard ...as...; treat...as; think of...as; consider...as/to be
23. be loyal to; be faithful to；be devoted to 忠诚于
24. be quick in mind and action 思维敏捷行动迅速
INTEGRATING SKILLS
25. have fun； enjoy oneself; have a wonderful time
26. drop me a line 给某人写短信
WORKBOOK
27．keep…in mind 把…记住 learn...by heart; remember
28．in error / by mistake 由于错误或疏忽
29．tie up (one’s hair) 扎起来 do up
30．run into 偶然遇见; 遭遇；与...相撞
come across; meet by chance; happen to meet
31．be proud of 以…而感骄傲 take pride in
32．run a restaurant 开餐馆 start a restaurant
run a business 做生意
33．skip classes 逃课
33．keep an eye on 照顾; 注视；stare at 盯着看
34．make fun of 取笑某人; laugh
at
35. It is possible (for sb) to do;
It is possible/probable/likely that...
Sb. + is (most) likely to do sth.
Sth. + is probable
36．be curious about 对…感到好奇 be curious that...
have the curiosity about
37. have problems with 在... 有问题
38. even if you are thousand miles apart即使你们分别在几千英里
39. despite = in spite of 尽管；不管 regardless of
Unit 2 必会习语
Warming up
1. for the first time 第一次；首先 at first; first of all
2. have a good flight （坐飞机）旅途愉快
3. all the way 一路
4. at all （否定：根本； 疑问：到底； 条件：竟然）
above all 首先；首要的 after all 毕竟； in all 总共
5. make oneself at home 不拘束， 别客气
6. There you are. 你来了。 Here you are. 给你。
ENGLISH AROUND THE
WORLD
7. all around the world 世界各地 throughout the world
8. the majority of 大多数的 the minority of
9. in total; in all; altogether 总共
10. the number of …的数量 (large; small 谓语动词单数)
a number of 一些； 许多
11. except for 除了．．．之外； 要不是
except 除了...都； besides 除了...还；except +从句
except （除去）指在整体中除去行为未发生者 （不包括在内）
except for (除了有…之外)指在一个整体中除去其中某个或某些因素，前后两个名词性质不同。
except that (除去；除掉) 后接从句，还有except
when, except what; except where等
besides (除了…还) 包括在整体之内
but (除了...之外) 和except 同义，与否定词或疑问词连用
11. communicate with sb. 与．．．交流，联络
12. have a good knowledge of 对．．．很熟悉； 通晓
GRAMMAR 祈使句间接引语
Ask sb (not) to do sth 请某人做/不做某事
Tell sb (not) to do sth 让某人不做某事
Order sb (not) to do sth 命令某人做/不做某事
13. help sb. with sth 在某方面帮助某人
help sb do sth; help do sth; 帮助
assist sb with sth; assist sb to do sth;
assist in doing sth. 协助某人做...
14. stand still 站着不动; stay still; lie still
15. leave the door open 让门一直开着
leave the light on 让灯一直亮着
leave sb doing sth 留置/听任...保持...(做某事)的状态
leave... done 留置/听任...保持...(被...)的状态
16. turn down ／up the radio 把收音机声音关小／开大
turn up 出现 turn down 拒绝
turn off / on 关掉／打开
turn in 上缴； turn out 结果是；被证明是
17. stay up 熬夜； 不睡觉
Integrating skills
18. come about 发生；happen; take place; break out
19. There is no quick answer to this question.
20. in the same way 用同样的方式 in different ways 不同
in this way 这样 in no way 决不
in the way 挡道；妨碍 out of the way 不挡道
in a way 在某种程度上；在某一点上
on the way 在路上；即将发生
by the way 顺便说/问一下；
by way of 经由；经过
21. stay the same = remain the same. 保持不变
22．at the same time 同时 =meanwhile
23. end up with 以...（形式）告终
begin/start with
end in failure 以失败而告终
24. more or less 或多或少
25. have difficulty/trouble in doing sth 做某事有困难
26. a great many; many a; a great number of (可数)
a great many factories 区分 a great many of the factories
a great deal of; a large amount of; (不可数)
a large quantity of; large quantities of; plenty of; lots of
27. bring in 带来; 引进 bring
out 出版；生产；揭露
bring about 引起；导致 bring up 抚养；培养
WORKBOOK
29. shut up 闭嘴
30．pass away 去世
31．promise sb to do sth 答应某人做某事
promise that...
make a promise
32．make a decision 做出决定=decide
33. marry sb; 与某人结婚 get married to sb
be married to sb
34. at least 至少 at most 最多
35. a little bit 区分：a little; a bit; a bit of; not a bit ; not
a little
36. chat on line 网上聊天
37. stay in touch ＝keep in touch with sb.= keep track of
保持联系
get in touch with; 取得联系 lose touch with 失去联系
38. because of 区分 because
thanks to 多亏了 as a result of 由于...的结果
due to 由于，因为 owing to 由于；因为
39. not only... but also.. （用于句首时，前句倒装）
Not only did Xiaohua learn a lot of English from her Canadian teacher, she also
became very interested in Canada. (前句倒，后句不倒)
Not only the students but also the teacher doesn’t understand this sentence. (并列主语，不倒装，谓语就近一致)
40. as many as; as much as 和...一样多
as many books as as much money as
His son is as naughty a boy as he used to be when he was young.
41. in the name of 以....的名义
Unit 3必会习语
WARMING UP & SPEAKING
1. consider ...( as/to be)... 认为...是
consider sb to have done 认为某人做过某事
consider it +n./adj. for sb to do sth
consider doing sth 考虑要做某事
consider +疑问词 + to do sth 考虑...
consider that从句 认为；考虑
in consideration of 报答；由于
take ...into consideration 顾及，考虑到
under consideration 在考虑中，在研究中
2. means of transportation/transport 交通方式
Every possible means has been tried, but none worked.
All possible means have been tried, ...
by all means 不惜一切 =in all ways
by this means 用这种方法 =in this way
by no means 决不； 一点也不=in no way
by means of 通过， 借助于 = by
3. in time 及时;早晚;总有一天 travel in time 在时空中旅行
on time 准时 in no time 马上；立刻
at that time 那时 at times 有时
for the time being 暂时的
4. prefer sth / to do sth / sb to do sth 更喜欢；较喜欢
prefer doing A to doing B 宁愿做某事
prefer A to B; 喜欢A 胜于B = like
A better than B
prefer to do A rather than do B 宁愿做A 而不愿做 B
5. in space 在太空 in outer space 在外部空间
ADVENTURE TRAVEL
6. get away (from) 摆脱； 离开
break away from 脱离 get rid of 去除
7. more and more 越来越…
8. instead of 代替； 而不是 （区分：instead）rather
than
9. try doing 试验做 try to do sth 努力去做；试图作
manage to do sth = succeed in doing sth 设法做到了某事
attempt to do sth; make an attempt to do sth 企图做某事
10. get close to 靠近； 接近
11. experience life 体验生活 experience C.n 经历 U.n.经验
12. take exercise 进行锻炼 have sports; do sport
exercise C.n 练习题 (pl) 体操 U.n 锻炼
13. go for a hike = go hiking 去徒步旅行
14. watch out （for...） 留神；
提防
15. protect… from/against … 保护…免受…
16. be careful (not) to do sth 小心(不)做某事
be careful about 注意
be careful with 小心；
17. as with ....也一样 as to / for 至于；关于
18. think about 考虑 think of 想到，想起
think over 仔细考虑 think out 想出
19. go rafting 去漂流
20. unless = if not 除非...否则...
You should not go rafting unless you know how to swim.(条件)
区分：until
You must not get off the bus until it has stopped.(时间)
GRAMMAR
现在进行时表示将来的计划，打算
How are you getting to the airport?
一般现在时表示时刻表的将来
My plane leaves at seven this evening.
21. go on separate holidays 分别去度假
22. in a few days’ time = in a few days =a few days later 几天后
after 和 in 的区分
23. go off to ； be off to 动身去 leave
for;
24. see sb off 给某人送行 meet sb 接某人
25. take a taxi to 乘出租车 go to ...by taxi
26. have a nice / pleasant trip/journey 祝旅途愉快
27. say “Hi” to sb. for me 代我向某人问好
give my regards to sb
remember me to sb.
28. The same to you. 我也祝愿你。
对比： It’s the same with... ...也一样
It’s all the same to sb 对某人而言是一样的。
I have the same pencil bag as yours/ you have.
29. in the past 在过去 in the old days
30. at present 目前; at the present time; nowadays
31. in the future 在未来；将来 in future 以后
32. used to do sth 过去常做某事
be used to do sth 被用来做 be used for (doing) sth
be used to sth/doing sth 习惯于 get used to doing
INTEGRATING SKILLS
33. combine…with… 把…和…结合起来 (为了共同目的合并)
connect...with/to... 把...和...连接起来 （通过媒介物连接）
link...with/to
join...to... （直接连接）
34. on (the) one hand… , on the other hand …
一方面…, 另一方面..
35. so that = in order that 为了…； 以便…
36. learn about 了解； 学习有关…知识
37. as well as =and 也； 又；以及 as well = too
38. by doing sth... 通过作某事 by means of doing
39. make money 挣钱； 赚钱 earn money
40. the four of you 你们四个人
four of you 你们其中的四个人
41. prepare ( sth) for... 为…做准备... get
ready for
prepare sb for sth 使某人为某事做好准备
be well prepared (for); 为...做好了充分的准备=be
ready for
make preparations for 为...做准备
42. make notes 做笔记 take notes
WORKBOOK
43. take off （飞机）起飞；脱掉（衣帽鞋）
44. go on holiday 去度假 go to (a place) for a holiday
INTEGRATING SKILLS
45. fill…with… 给…充满… be
filled with; be full of 充满了
46. the way (in which/that) + 定语从句
the/a way of doing sth = the/a way to do sth 做某事的方法
47. catch up with 赶上 keep up with 跟上；不落后
48. reach out (for sth) 伸手去（拿，碰）
49. pay attention to 注意
focus one’s attention on
call /draw/attract one’s attention to 吸引某人的注意力于
WRITING
50. give away 赠送， 放弃， 泄漏（机密）
give up 放弃 give in (to sb) 屈服
give out 分发；发出（光，热，气，味等）
give off 发出（光，热，气，味等）
51. come up with 提出；想到（主意）；
Unit 4 必会习语
WARMING UP & LISTENING & SPEAKING
1. talk about 谈论； 议论 talk with sb; talk of 提到
2. host the 2008 Olympic Games 举办2000年奥运会
3. take place = come about; happen 发生
4. be caught in (a rain; a traffic jam; the earthquake)
偶然遇上（雨，交通堵塞,地震等）
5. create a dialogue = make up a dialogue 编对话
6. play tennis 打网球
7. for fun = as a joke 开玩笑的；不是认真的；为了取乐的
8. I hope so. I hope not.
9. shout /call for help 呼救
10. go on (a) holiday 去度假 go to...for a holiday
on holiday 在度假
11. on fire 着火 catch fire 着火；set fire
to=set...on fire 纵火
make fire 生火
12. I’m afraid of +n. 害怕
I’m afraid that... 担心
I’m afraid to do sth 不敢做某事
I’m afraid of doing sth 害怕做某事
I’m afraid so. 恐怕是这样
I’m afraid not. 恐怕不会。
THE RESCUE
13. a natural disaster 自然灾害
14. hear/see sb. doing sth 听见/看见某人正在做某事
hear/ see sb do sth 听见/看见某人做过某事
(五看二听一感觉)
15. look around 环顾； 四处看
16. advance towards 朝…前进
17. before +从句 还没来得及...
18. be upon 逼近； 临近
19. sweep sb down 把...冲到了
20. drag 拖拉（重物）；（比较艰难缓慢，有阻力）
drag oneself along 拖着沉重的步子走
pull 拉；扯 （应用范围比较广）
pull a tooth 拔牙 pull the door open 拉开门
pull at 拉扯 pull up 拉起来；拉上来
draw 拉（比较从容、平稳不费力）
draw one’s attention 吸引注意；draw a conclusion 得出结论
draw back 后退 draw money from bank 从银行取钱
draw near 就要来临；逼近
21. get on one’s feet （艰难的）站起来 get up; stand up
22. hold on to 抓住
23. pull up 拉起来； 拉上来
24. against the wall 倚着墙
25. fight for 为…而战 struggle
for 为…而斗争
26. look into 往…里面看； 浏览；
调查
look into one’s eyes 注视着某人 stare at; fix one’s eyes on;
look sb in the mirror 照镜子
look sb up and down 上下打量某人
20. with a look of fright 害怕的； 恐惧的
21. around the corner 即将来临，on its way; draw near；
in store
22. cut down 砍倒;削减 cut up 切碎 cut off 切断
cut in 插嘴;加塞 cut out 删除;剪下来 cut away 剪掉
23. three meters deep 三米深 three metres in depth
a three-meter-deep hole = a hole of three meters deep
24. sweep away (风) 吹走； （浪）
卷走；
sweep down 吹倒； 席卷； 冲倒
25. work out 计算出；想出（办法）；制定（计划）；
work at 从事；致力于 work on 继续工作；从事于
26. refer to 指的是； 谈到；提到；查阅
WORD STUDY & GRAMMAR
定语从句：限制性定语从句，非限制性定语从句
27. strike，普通用词，“打一下；打几下”，不一定有意；“敲钟”。 hit，“击中，打，对准”，着重敲打或打击对方的某一点
beat，连续的打击; 如殴打或体罚等；游戏竞赛战争中击败
knock 敲；打 ；撞击
27. advance the deadline 提前最后期限；
28．pull at/on 拉一下
29. seize an opportunity/chance 抓住机会 =
grasp/take/grab...
chance 可能性 U.n. & C.n
There is a chance/no chance of sb doing sth
that 从句
The chances /chances are that... 可能...
by chance 偶然
30. （区分：pay; cost; spend; take）
sb pay money for sth
sth cost sb money
sb spend money on sth; sb spend time/money in doing sth
It takes sb time to do sth
31. in town 在城里 in the country(side) 在乡下
go to town 进城 go to the country(side) 下乡
INTEGRATING SKILLS
32．take a photo of sb / sb doing sth 给…照相
33. in a second = in a very shore time
34. a two-day trip 一次两天的旅行
35. the next morning 第二天早上
WORKBOOK
36. on the morning of April 18th, 1906
37. as a result of 由于…的结果 as a
consequence of
34. A +动词/be + ten times larger than+B 比…大十倍
A +动词/be +ten times as large as+B 是…的十倍
A +动词/be +ten times the size of+B 是…的十倍
(number/amount/height/length/depth/width/age)
Unit 5 必会习语
SPEAKING
1. while still a student = while she was still a student 还是个学生的时候（状语从句的省略现象）
(you) Don’t talk while (you are) eating.
When (he was) asked how he gained first place, he suddenly
became cheerful.
The boys will go out to play football whenever (it is) possible.
I won’t go to his birthday party unless (I am) invited.
2. play/act a role 扮演角色
play the role of...
play a part/role in... 在...中起作用
3. after graduating/graduation (from...) 毕业以后
4. work as an actress 做演员
5. during/in the 1980s 二十世纪八十年代
6. win a prize 获奖 win a game/a battle/honour
beat/defeat sb 打败某人 win sb. 把某人争取过来
7. get married (to sb); 结婚（瞬间）=marry sb.
be married (to sb) 结婚（延续）
7. in the beginning = at first 开始的时候
反义；in the end = at last; finally; eventually 最后
8. make money 赚钱 earn money
GETTING TO KNOW STEVEN SPIELBERG
9. make a film ／blockbuster／follow-ups
拍电影/巨片／续集
10. The reason……is that….. 原因是…
This is because... 这是因为...
for this reason ; for some reason; for some reasons
the reason for +n./doing sth
the reason why/ for which... 定语从句
reason 与 cause 的区别
cause of the fire/accident
11. work on 从事于； 制作
12. take off 起飞；脱掉；很快上升; 开始流行／畅销
13. by the sea 在海边； by sea 乘船； in the
sea 在海里
on the sea 在海面上 at sea 在海上；航海中；茫然
14. be afraid to do sth 不敢作某事
be afraid of doing sth害怕做某事
be afraid that 担心；恐怕
15. come from outer space 来自外部空间
16. cut／tear…into pieces 把…切／撕成碎片
cut/tear ... into halves 把...切/撕成两半
17. do research (in/into...) 搞研究
18. go wrong 出错；出故障；走错道 do a little wrong
19. in the end 最后；终于 at the end of在…末尾／尽头
by the end of 到…末为止
19. meat-eating dinosaurs 食肉恐龙
20. owe sth to sb. = owe sb sth 把…归功于；感谢；欠（债）
WORD STUDY & GRAMMAR
21. can’t help doing sth 情不自禁， 忍不住做某事
can’t help do sth 不能帮忙做某事
22. pass the exam 考试及格 fail (in) the exam 考试不及格
NOT ONE LESS
23. a thirteen-year-old girl 十三岁小姑娘
a girl of thirteen years old; a girl of thirteen years of age;
a girl aged thirteen
24. stay/be away for a month 离开一个月
25. take one’s place; take the place of 代替
26. lock …up 把…锁起来
27. run after 追赶； 追求； 追捕 be after
28. escape (from)... 从...逃离
escape from / flee (from) /run away from a country
escape doing sth ；
escape being caught 没有被抓住
catch sb doing sth; be caught doing sth
29. run away from school 逃学 skip classes
30. determine to do sth；make up one’s mind；decide
be determined to do sth 决意/ 决心做某事
31. go to town 进城 in town 在城里
go to the country in the country
32. on the air 正在广播; 播送 =be
broadcast
go on the air 开始广播 go off the air 停止广播
in the air在空中; (消息等)在传播, 悬而未决的
by air = by plane
33. live adj 活的（动物）； 现场直播的； adv. 以实况的
living adj 活着的； 有生命的；现行的（前置定语；表语）
alive adj 活着的， （ 后置定语； 表语）
a living language 现行的语言
the greatest living poet 当代最伟大的诗人
a live fish 活鱼
the live gala on New Year’s Eve 直播的新年除夕晚会
the only man alive 唯一还活着的人
34. all the other pupils 所有其他学生
35. together with 和…一起
36. in one’s own words 用自己的话 in other words 换句话说
37. make comments on / make a comment on 对…发表评论
38. give one’s opinions about 对…发表意见
39. think highly/well of =speak highly of
40. encourage sb to do sth
WORKBOOK
39. lead to + n. 通往；导致 result in; cause sb to do sth
lead sb to do sth 导致某人作某事 lead to sb doing sth
lead sb (in) doing sth; 带领某人做
lead sb + 介词短语
40. make/earn a living 谋生
41. at a high /low price 以高/低价
42. make a decision 做出决定
43. accept one’s apology 接受某人的道歉
apologize to sb; make an apology to sb. 向某人道歉
44. break down 出故障； 坏了；分解 break up 拆散
45. at full / high speed 高速 at a speed of 100 miles per hour
speed up 加速 speed by 飞驰而过
46. the World Cup Final 世界杯决赛
47. think highly/well of 对…高度评价 speak
highly of
48. observe / obey the law 遵守法律 break the law
49. give sb a second look 再看某人一眼
50. make a fool of sb 愚弄某人 = fool sb.
51. turn out 结果变成
52. depend on / rely on 依靠， 依赖
53. stand by sb 支持某人 support sb /take sb’s side
54. meet with 遇见
55. encourage sb to do sth 鼓励某人干某事
56. lead the life of a real princess 过上真正的公主生活
57. make one’s career 在事业上有所成就
58. be clear about 对…清楚
59. combine ….with…把…和…结合起来
60. compare…with…把…和…比较
compare...to... 把...比作...
compared to/with 与...相比
Compared to men, fewer women smoke in China.
Unit 6 必会习语
Warming up & Speaking
1. apologize to sb. for sth/doing sth 因…向…道歉
make an apology to sb. for sth/ doing sth
2. mean + n./doing sth 意思是；意味着
mean +n. /to do sth/ that-clause 打算；意欲；有…的意图
mean sb to do sth. 打算（使／让）某人作某事
He meant no harm to you. / He meant you no harm.
He means his son to become a doctor.
Table Manners At A Dinner Party
3. for the first time “第一次” (作状语)
the first time “第一次”(相当于连词引导时间状语从句)
This is the first time that…. “这是第…次作某事了” (从句中用完成时)
On that day the scientist took us to the lab for the first time.
The first time we met, she wore a pair of glasses.
This is the first time that I have been here.
4. make / leave / create a good impression （on sb）
留下好印象 impress on sb
5. be impressed by/with 对...留下印象
6. drink a toast 祝酒 drink to+n. 为...干杯
7. start with = begin with 以…开始
end up with 以…结束 end in
failure
8. keep silent 保持沉默
9. for a moment(一会儿); in a moment（过一会儿）;
at the moment（此时）; after a moment（过了一会儿）
for the moment（暂时）; at any moment（随时）
10. at the table 在桌前 at table 在吃饭
in the hospital / in hospital
in the prison / in prison /go to the prison /go to prison
in the church / in church / go to the church / go to church
go to the school / go to school
11．will 作情态动词,表意愿,决心,可用于if条件句中
You’d better not drink too much if you drive home after
the party.
He will come to see you if he has time.
If you will turn down the TV. There is really too much noise.
If you will read the book, I can lend it to you.
11. all the time 一直
12. drink to sb’s health / drink to sb.
13. raise one’s glass 举杯
14. take a sip 呡一小口
15. change over time 经过一段时间
16. follow the fashion of the day 跟随时尚
17. lay the table 摆桌子
18. serve the dishes 上菜
serve the people 为人民服务
serve in the army 服役
This restaurant serves Chinese food. (供应)
LANGUAGE STUDY
19. mix…with 把…和…混合 be mixed with
20. extra information 额外信息
21. leave out 省略
22. wish you all the best = best wishes for you.
Workbook Exercises
23. look forward to +n./doing 盼望;期盼…
24. stare at 盯着看
25. pay the bill 买单；付帐单
May I have the bill, please?
26. behave oneself 注意自己的言行举止 behavior
27. It is certain that… 肯定…
It is uncertain whether/when, etc….
Sb +be sure/certain to do sth 一定会做某事
Sb +be sure/certain about/of... 对...有把握
Sb +be sure/certain that... 相信...
Sb +be not sure/certain whether/what...
28. fairy tales 童话
29. belong to 属于 (不用被动、进行时)
30. direct the traffic 指挥交通
31. produce / make /generate electricity 发电
32. hang (hanged/hanged) oneself vt. 上吊；绞死
hang-hung-hung 悬挂；vi. & vt.
33. The Hope Project 希望工程
Good Manners in the World
34. communicate with 与…交流
35. shake hands with sb 和…握手
36. look right into sb's eyes/face 直视着
37. blow one's nose 擤鼻涕
38. in public 在公共场所 make ...public ; the public
39. think…to be… 认为…是…think
of...as
40. at home and abroad 在国内外
41. give sb. some advice on sth / doing sth/how to do sth
给某人提建议
take/follow sb's advice 听某人的劝告
42. lead sb to do sth 导致某人做某事 lead to sb doing sth
43. pay a visit to sb/a place 拜访,参观
call on sb / call at a place
drop in (on sb) / (at a place)
44. make jokes about 拿…开玩笑； 讲笑话
play a joke on sb ; have a joke about
have a joke with sb ; joke with sb 和...开玩笑
tell jokes 讲笑话
make fun of 取笑 laugh at 嘲笑；讥笑
Unit 7 必会词语
A CITY OF HEROES
1. cultural relics/sites 文化古迹
2. in one's opinion 以某人的意见
3. Where there is a river, there is a city.
4. on the bank of a river 在河岸／畔
5. during/in one's lifetime;
in all one's life;
throughout one's life 在某人的一生中
6. look like something out of a fairy tale
像是从童话种走出来的一样
7. in history 在历史上
8. under attack/fire 被攻击 (under=in the process of)
under arrest; under discussion; under construction;
under consideration; under control; under examination; under investigation;
under observation; under repairs;
9. give in （to sb) 让步，屈服 give
up 放弃
give out 发放； 发出（光；热；气等）；用尽
give off 散发（光；热；气） give away 抛弃；捐赠
give over 转交，移交=hand over
10. in ruins 废墟 bring…to ruin 使…变成废墟=ruin sth
come/go to ruin=fall into ruin 变成废墟
11. lie in pieces on the ground 成为碎片撒了一地
12. We will do everything/all/what we can to save our city.
13. It seems (to me) that…;
It seems as if …;
There seems to be…
S. + seems/seemed to...
14. bring…back to life 使…复苏， 使…苏醒
come back to life 复苏； 苏醒
15. with the help of ＝ with sb's help 在…的帮助下
16. including sth. / sth. included 包括…在内
区分：include 和contain
This album contains 30 maps, including three of China.
17. look out over the city 俯视这个城市
18. come true 实现 (realize one’s dream)
come easy/right/loose
19. Strong, proud and united, the people of St Petersburg are the modern heroes
of Russia.
形容词做伴随性状语：
Cruso returned home, full of fear.
The policeman put down the telephone, satisfied with a smile on his face.
I went to bed, hungry.
LANGUAGE STUDY & GRAMMAR
19. over a period of 150 years 经过150 年
19. change one's mind 改变主意
20. in men's table tennis singles / doubles event
在男子乒乓球单打比赛中
21. pull down 推倒；拆
21. send up 发射 send for; send out;
22. set up 成立; 建立；found;
put up; build
23. turn/change…into… 把…变成
24. keep the same look 保持原貌
25. so far = up till now 到目前为止
INTEGRATING SKILLS
26. make + 宾语＋宾语补足语 使的…
make + 宾语+ do sth =sb be made to do sth
+ n.
+ adj.
+ done
make one's voice heard ；
make oneself known/understood
WORKBOOK EXERCISES
27. provide / supply sth for sb = provide sb with sth. 给…提供
offer sb sth = offer sth to sb
28. be careful with 对…小心／认真
29. have much /little/nothing in common
有很多／几乎没有／没有共同之处
30. be made up of 由…组成 consist
of
31. settle down 定居 settle a problem
32. keep in touch with 与…保持联系 keep
track of
get in touch with 与…取得联系
be out of touch with 与…失去联系
lose touch with 与…失去联系
33. bring down／up the price 降价／提价 v.t
go down /up v.i
34. put up a notice 张贴布告
35. the State Council 国务院
THE RESCUE OF ABU SIMBEL
36. for several reasons 由于一些原因
37. all through the year ＝ all the year round 一年四季
throughout the year
38. rise by 63 meters 上升了63 米
by 表示“相差程度”
39. as a result /consequence of 由于…的结果
40. date from = date back to 追溯于； 始建于
This temple dates from the Song Dynasty.
The temple, dating back to the Song Dynasty, will be pull down.
41. in danger 处于危险中; out of danger 脱离危险
42. be carved in rock 被刻在岩石上
43. make a plan for 为…制订计划
44. stone by stone 一块石头一块石头地
one by one
45. in all = in total =altogether 总共
46. be marked with 被标上…记号
47. Three Gorges Dam 三峡大坝
48. The Temple of Heaven 天坛
Unit 8 必会习语
WARMING UP & SPEAKING
1. the Olympic Games 奥运会
2. stand for 代表；容忍；支持/拥护；为...候选人
区分：represent 和 stand for
3. the Olympic Torch Relay 奥运火炬接力
4. the host city 主办城市
5. be worth ＋ n. 值… sth.+ be
worth doing …值得做
be worthy of + n.
be worthy of being done
be worthy to be done
It is worth while to do sth / doing sth
6. score 20 points 得20分 （v.）
a score of people 20人 two score of people 40人
three score and ten of people 70人
scores of people 许多人
注意：a dozen eggs 十二个鸡蛋 two
dozen eggs
a dozen of these eggs 一打这种鸡蛋
dozens of eggs 许多鸡蛋
THE OLYMPIC GAMES
7. every four years 每四年；每隔三年
every fourth year 每第四年
every other year 每隔一年
every few years 每隔几年
8. take part in = join in = participate in 参加
attend 出席 join sb (in doing sth) 和某人一起做某事
9. compete in 参加（竞赛）
compete against/with 与…相对抗
compete for 为…而竞争
10. allow /permit/forbid sb to do sth 允许/禁止某人做某事
allow/permit/forbid doing sth 允许/禁止做某事
Nothing is permitted; everything is allowed.
一切都不（明文）准许；但也不（明文）禁止。
11. in modern times 在现代 in ancient times 在古代
12. do ／try one's best to do sth 尽力做某事
13. rank third/high/low 位居第三/排名高（低）
She ranks first in English study in our class.
people of all ranks 各个阶层的人
14. host the Olympic games 主办奥运会
15. light the torch 点燃火炬 (lit—lit; lighted—lighted)
He lit a candle and the lighted candle lit up the room.
16. in preparation for 为…做准备
prepare for 为…做准备
make preparations for 为...作准备
17. have a good / bad effect on …对…有好/坏影响=affect
have influence on=influence
LANGUAGE STUDY
18. tens of thousands of 成千上万
19. pay …( to sb) for sth 付钱给…买…
20. at the opening /closing (ceremony) of 在…开/闭幕式上
21. by hand 手工 with one’s hands
22. spend…on sth 在…花费（钱；时间）
spend….(in) doing sth 花 （钱；时间） 做某事
spend (time) +a place 在某地度过（一段时间）
23. more than ＝ not only 不仅
More than fifty people attended the conference.
He dressed more than simply. 他穿着极为朴素。
We were more than pleased to hear of her coming.
He is more than a teacher to me.
She more than smiled, but laughed. (岂止是微笑，简直是大笑)
He is more brave than wise. (有勇无谋)
more than不仅 no more than = only 仅仅
Yao Ming has more than just size; he also has great skill and speed and he is a
team player. （不仅）
He has no more than handsome look; he is neither wise nor polite. （仅仅）
not more than = less than 不超过；至多
no more than = only 仅仅
There is no more than ten yuan in my pocket. (只有)
There is not more than ten yuan in my pocket. （不到）
He is no taller/no more careful than me. （并不比...更）
He is not taller/more careful than me. （不如）
24. live one's dream ＝try to realize one's dream 努力实现梦想
WORKBOOK EXERCISES
25. set /give a good example to sb 为…树立好榜样
copy / follow the example of 学习/效仿...的榜样
26. the International Olympic Committee 国际奥委会
27. the spirit of the Olympic Games 奥林匹克精神
28. care about 关心
29. take up 占去（空间）； 开始从事；拿起；
30. put on weight = gain weight 体重增加
lose weight 减肥
31. as follows 如下
FOR THE LOVE OF THE GAME
32. even if 即使
33. hear about/of 听说
hear from sb 收到某人来信
hear that... 听说
34. I wish +从句 （虚拟语气；时态倒退一步）
I wish I were twenty years younger.
I wish I could make as much money as Michael Jordan.
I wish I had seen my favuorite movie star the other day.
35．deal with 对付；应付；处理；涉及；做生意
How did you deal with the rubbish?
What did you do with the rubbish?
36. shoot the ball into the other team's goal 把球踢入对方球门
Unit 9 必会习语
SPEAKING
1.be used for 被用于… be used as 被用作…
2. It depends. 要看情况而定。
LIFE ON THE GO
3. live life on the go 过着忙碌的生活
4. on the go 忙忙碌碌的； 四处奔走
5. make it possible for sb to do sth 使得某人做某事成为可能
6. throughout the world 遍及世界
7. more than 不仅， 多于；
no more than 仅仅； 只不过
not more than 少于， 不足
8. add to 增添；增加 add…to… 给…增加…
add up 加起来 add up to 加起来总共是
9. remind sb of/about sth 提醒某人某事
remind sb to do sth 提醒某人做某事
remind sb of doing sth 提醒某人已做过某事
remind that...
10．have an appointment with sb. 和…有预约
keep /break one's appointment 守约／违约
make an appointment with sb. 和…约定
by appointment 按约定
11. obey /break the rules 遵守／违反规定
12. agree (not) to do sth
agree that sb can/will do sth
agree with; agree to; agree on
13. dare not do = don't dare to do 不敢作…(同need)
14. take sth/sb away from… 把….从….带／拿走
14. stay/keep in touch with sb.; /keep track of
be in touch with 与…保持联系
get in touch with 与…取得联系
lose touch with 与…失去联系
be out of touch with
15. call for help 求救
16. in case (of an emergency) 万一； 以免
in case +从句 万一
17. do whatever he wants to do 想干什么就干什么
whatever 和 no matter what 区分
LANGUAGE STUDY
18. according to 根据
19. the negative/positive effect of ….的负面/正面影响
INTEGRATING SKILLS
20. take over 接管
21. (in) the way that/in which… …的方法
The few surviving human beings are being used (in) the way (that) we use
machines today.
22. break down 出故障
23. dream of/ about 梦见；梦想
24. fail to do sth; fail in doing sth 没能做到…
succeed in doing sth 成功的做某事
be successful in doing sth
25. force sb to do sth 强迫某人做某事 oblige sb to do sth
by force 靠武力
26. come up with 想到； 提出
27. take steps /measures/action to do sth 采取措施
28. look up the words in the dictionary 在字典上查单词
29. go for a job interview 去面试找工作
30. unite as one 团结一致
31. hand in one's homework 交作业
32. suffer a serious defeat 遭惨败
FUTURE TRAVEL：TELEPORTATION
33. be based on 以…为基础
34. take …apart 把…分解
=separate
put…together
35. on the way 在路上 on one’s way to 在去...的路上
in the way 妨碍；挡道 in a way 在某种程度上
by the way 顺便问一下 （in）this/that
way 这样
in the same way 用同样的方法
in different ways 用不同的方法
in no way 决不；一点也不
the way to do/of doing sth 做...的方法
the way (that/in which)定语从句
make one’s way to 朝...走去
all the way 一路上；从头至尾
by way of 经由；通过...的方法
way of life 生活方式
36. so far 到目前为止
37. We are still a long way from being able to do sth.
=It will take us a long time to be able to do sth.
38. It is possible (for sb) to do sth
It is likely/possible/probable that...
Sb is likely to do sth.
39. The more we know, the more we can imagine.
越..., 就越....
The more you listen to English, the easier it will become.
The longer you live in this place, the less you will like it.
Unit 10 习语必会
WARMING UP &
LISTENING & SPEAKING
1.no longer; no more
1. There be… left 有…剩下
2. hunt animals for food 为得到…而捕猎…
hunt for 搜寻
hunt animals 狩猎
3. know of/about 对…了解
4. in danger 处于危险中 out of danger 脱离危险
in danger of 面临...的危险
endanger vt. 使...濒危；危害
endangered animals 濒危动物 become endangered
5. die out 灭绝； 消失
die away ； die off; die of; die from; die down
be dying for 渴望；很想
6. It follows that… 由此得出…； 可见…
People get sick because of air pollution. It follows that we must do something
about it.
人们生病是因为空气污染。可见我们必须采取行动了。
7. lead to 导致
8. take turns to do sth/ doing sth 轮流做某事
do sth in turn/by turns
9. act as 扮演 play a role of
ARE WE ENDANGERED?
10. an environmental expert 一位环境专家
11. keep/stop/prevent sb from doing sth 阻止…做…
keep sb doing sth 使...一直做...
keep (on) doing sth 坚持做某事
protect...from/against 保护...免受...
12. we don't do as we say. 我们言行不一。
13. ( take sb ) on a tour of... （带某人）游览...
14. have a bright future 用有一个灿烂的未来
15. harm sb/ do harm to sb/ do sb harm/ be harmful to sb
伤害某人；对...有害=be bad for
do good to sb/do sb good/ be good for/
benefit sb./be of benefit to 对...有好处/益
16. take measures/steps/action 采取措施
17. be used to sth/ doing sth 习惯于…
18. adapt to (改变以)适应 adapt
oneself to 使自己适应于
adjust to (调整以)适应
19. become endangered 频临危险
20. the original species 原有的物种 species (单复数相同)
21. first of all 首先 at first; above all
22. make a big difference 大改观；影响大
23.If we know more about what causes endangerment, we may be able to take
measures before it is too late. 如果我们能更多地了解致使生物濒危的原因，就能及时采取补救措施。
◘They are thinking of buying the house before the prices go up. 他们正在考虑趁房价未涨时把房子买下来。
◘If you don’t like the present job, I suggest you look for another one before
it is too late.
如果你不喜欢目前的工作，我建议你趁早另谋出路。
◘He hung up before I could say a word.
我还没说一句话，他就挂了电话。
LANGUAGE STUDY
24. devote oneself to sth/doing sth 致力于…
be devoted to sth/doing sth 投身于
a devoted friend / wife
25. at present 目前 at the present time
be present at 出席
26. explain sth to sb 向某人解释…=explain to sb sth
27. set…free 释放 =free
28. in the wild 处于野生状态
INTEGRATING SKILLS
29．be careful with 细心；认真
be careful of/about 注意；留意
30. throw away 扔掉；throw about 四处乱扔
31. care about 关心 care for 喜欢；
workbook
32. go on a tour to 去…观光／游览
33. a large amount of (money) 许多(钱)
34. (translate) word for word 逐字地
answer point for point 逐点答复
对比：one by one; little by little
35. up to （1）正在做；从事于（2）大约； 多达
（3）理应；视为...的职责
◘What’s he up to? 他在干什么？ （常用作贬义）
◘I guess the fellow is up to no good.
我猜这个家伙要图谋不轨。
◘The little boy can count up to twenty.
这小孩能从一数到二十。
◘The students are allowed up to two hours to finish the test. 学生们有长达两小时的时间来完成试题。
◘It’s up to you to decide what to do next.
由你来决定我们下一步做什么。
◘The success of this project is up to us.
这个项目的成败取决于我们.
36. become extinct = die out
37. keep…as a pet 把…当宠物养
38.common adj. 常见的； 共同的； 普遍的(侧重指共性；强调“非特殊性，非优秀性” 或 "不足为奇的"
usual adj 通常的；寻常的；惯常的 （多指”习惯性的，遵循常规的，一贯如此的" 强调时间角度。
ordinary 通常的；普通的， 也指普遍的，但不是因为大家所共有而普遍常见， 而是因为符合事物的正常法则及一般规律而十分普遍； 也可带贬义，指低于一般标准的事物或人。
popular 普及的；通俗的， 指为广大群众所接受或深受喜爱的
general 一般的；普通的； 指属于大部分人或大部分事物的属性， 因此是一般的，普通的，可能也包括了一些极少数的例外。
Unit 11 习语必会
WARMING UP &
SPEAKING
1. a piece of music 一支曲子
2. Can you help me to decide what to buy?
3. What do you have in mind? 你有什么主意？
4. dance to (a song/music) 伴着（歌曲／音乐）跳舞
5. What can/do you suggest?
suggest sth
suggest (sb) doing sth
suggest that...
suggest +虚拟语气 （建议） insist +虚拟 (坚决要求)
suggest + 陈述语气 （表示） insist +陈述 (坚决认为)
6. Have you considered doing...? 你考虑过...吗？
consider...（as/to be）... 认为...是...
consider sb to have done sth 认为...做过某事
THE SOUND OF THE WORLD
5. a musical instrument 乐器
6. musical styles 音乐风格
in style 流行的 out of style 过时的
7. have much/nothing in common with
和…有许多/没有相同之处
8. along with 和…一起
9. a variety of 各种各样的 varieties of = various
LANGUAGE STUDY
10. pick out 挑出 choose; select
pick up; pick on; pick
11. The style is the man. 文如其人
12. the key to the classroom 教室的钥匙
the answer to the question 问题的答案
the solution to the problem 问题的解决办法
the entrance to the station 车站的入口
13. give/put on a performance 表演/上演节目
14. golden pen 金笔 gold necklace 金项链
15. a two-room house 一个两室的房子
a four-storey building = a building of four storeys/stories
16. make a record 录制唱片 set a record 创纪录
record a song 录一首歌
17. turn into 变成； 译成 turn...into; turn to
POP VERSUS ROCK
18. become more and more similar 变得越来越相似
19. make music one's career 把音乐当事业
20. on the other hand 另一方面
20. satisfy sb. 使得某人满意
be satisfied with 对…感到满意
be pleased with; be content with
satisfactory = satisfying; satisfaction
21. satisfy one’s inner desire 满足某人的内心欲望
21. make people feel easy 让人们感觉轻松／悠闲
22. forget about 忘记了
AMERICAN COUNTRY MUSIC
23. have a hit 风靡一时
24. over the past twenty years 经过了过去的20年
25.be common for 对...很普通的
25. think…to be…. 认为…是
26. turn to 转向； 求助于；翻到
turn writer 成为作家 turn 20 过了20岁
27. think well of （be well thought of）
=think highly of =speak highly of
= sing high praise for 对…评价很高
28. make fun of 取笑; 拿某人取乐
29. bring in 带来(收入); 引进(技术)
30. on their travels 在旅行时
31, in the open air 在户外
31. for free 免费
a free meal
He is free with his money.
All these books are given away (for) free/free of charge.
The old woman has never been free from pain.
You are free to do anything you like, within the law.
Unit 12 必会习语
Warming up & Speaking
1. match…with… 把….和….相配
2. action film 动作片
3. romantic comedy 浪漫喜剧
4. shootings and fights 枪战
5. at the art festival 在艺术节上／期间
HARRY POTTER
6. magical power 魔力
7. magic tricks 魔术技巧
8. welcome to + n. 欢迎到…. Welcome home!
give sb a warm welcome 热烈欢迎
9. a world of magic and wonders 充满魔力和神奇的世界
10. a series of 一系列的
11. seem like =look like 看起来像
12. treat sb to sth 请某人（吃…） treat sb
badly 虐待
treat ...as/like...
13. in trouble 在困境中
get into trouble 陷入困境
ask for trouble 自找麻烦 make trouble 捣乱
put sb to trouble 给人添麻烦
take trouble to do sth 不辞辛苦的做某事
14. do the right thing 做得对
15. come across
1. be understood;
He spoke for a long time but his meaning did not come across.
2. make an impression;
She came across well/badly in interviews.
He came across as a sympathetic person.
3. meet or find sb/sth by chance = run into
I came across some old photos in a drawer.
16. fight against 与…作斗争／打架／打仗
fight n.
fight with; fight for
17. believe 和believe in
believe in 信仰 (真理；宗教；原则)
信任= trust in；trust；have trust in
信赖=rely on
I believe him, but I don’t believe in/trust (in) him.
我相信他所说的话，但我不信任他/相信他的人格/能力。
Do you believe in God?
believe和trust
believe sb/what sb said 相信某人（所说的话）
believe ...to be... 认为...是...
believe...to have done 认为/相信...做过某事
believe that... 相信；认为
trust that...
I believe/trust that you will join us. (trust比believe语气强)
I believe him to be an honest man.
=I believe that he is an honest man.
I believe him to have passed the exam.
=I believe that he has passed the exam.
I can’t trust that boy out of my sight.
我一看不见那个孩子就不放心。
18. grow up to be... 长大后成为...
19. share the same goal 有着共同目标
20.be strong in heart and mind 意志坚强，头脑聪明
THE QUESTION
21. whisper sth to sb 小声／悄悄给某人说
whisper sth in one's ear 咬耳朵
in a whisper 小声地
22. as if 好像
23. not all = all not 并不都
not every = every...not 并非每个...都
not both=both not 并非两个都...
...not all of them were safe.=...all of them were not safe.
Not both of the students are good at English.
=Both of the students are not good at English.
完全否定：None of the rooms are safe.
Neither of the students is good at English.
24. if only 要是…就好了
If only my mother were here with me.
25. be about to do sth when… 正要…这时…
26. turn around 转身
27. walk/run up to; go/come up to 上前去
28. go past 从...的旁边过去
WORKBOOK EXERCISES
29. play a trick on sb. 给某人恶作剧
30. apologize to sb for sth 向某人道歉
make an apology to sb.
31.(1) 摆脱…的习惯
get out of the habit (of doing sth) ;
get rid of the habit of
break off the habit of
(2) 养成…的习惯
get/fall into the habit (of doing sth)
form the/a habit (of doing sth)
(3) 有…的习惯
have the/a habit of
be in the /a habit of
32. TV series 电视连续剧
33. primary school 小学 elementary school
34. Attention, please, I have an announcement to make.
请大家注意，我要宣布一个通知。
May I have your attention, please? 请大家注意啦!
35. run after 追赶；追求；追捕
BOOK MAFIC
36. be similar to 与…相似 the same
as 和...一样
37. in other words 换句话说 in one’s own words
38. just like us doing what we do 就像我们做我们的事
=just as we do what we do
39. come (back) to life 苏醒；复苏；恢复生机
bring sb (back) to life 使...苏醒；使...恢复生机
40. in a way 在某种程度上
41. lose oneself in = be lost in 沉浸于； 沉醉于
Lost in thought, he almost knocked into a tree.
42. be eager/anxious to do sth 迫切地/渴望要做某事
be eager for/about/after 渴望得到
be anxious about 为...担忧；焦虑
long for 渴望得到 be dying for
Unit 13-14, SBⅡ
重点词语:
1.junk food 垃圾食物
2. in the future 在将来
3. plenty of 大量
4. ought to 应该
5.keep up with 赶上
6. no longer 不再
7.had better 最好
8. make choices about 在……方面做出选择
9. be good for 对……有好处
10. offer advice about 在……方面提供建议
11. keep a balanced diet 保持均衡饮食
12.lose weight 减肥
13. keep fit 保持健康
14.in life 一生中
15. gain weight 增肥
16. now and then 不时, 时而
17. cut…into pieces 把……切成一片片
18. roll up 卷起来
19. make a list 列一个清单
20. have a fever 发烧
21. become part of 成为……的部分
22. dress up 打扮, 盛装
23. make a decision 做决定
24. a seven-day festival 一个七天的节日
25. get together 聚在一起
26. as…as one can 尽某人所能
27. play a trick on 捉弄某人
28. give away 藏起来
29.care about 关心, 关爱
30. take in 欺骗
难点讲解:
1. hurt
【用法一】vt. 痛
例如：I got a fall just now, and my knee hurts a lot. 我刚才摔了一跤，现在我的膝盖痛极了。
【用法二】vt. 使痛；伤害
例如：He hurt his left leg in the physical education lesson.
在体育课上他把自己的左腿给弄伤了。
【用法三】vt. 伤害（情感等）
例1:：Her words hurt me a lot. 她的话很伤我的心。
例2：Your words hurt her feelings.你的话伤了她的感情。
【用法四】hurt n. 伤害
例如：It was a severe hurt to his pride. 那对他的自尊心是个严重的创伤。
【相关链接】
hurtful adj. 有害的
例如：Eating too much is hurtful to health. 吃得太多有损健康。
2. contain
【用法一】vt. 包含；含有
例1：This kind of plant contains lots of water. 这种植物含有丰富的水分。
例2：The atlas contains twenty maps. 这本地图册由20幅地图集成。
【用法二】vt. 等于(be equal to). 折合
例如：A gallon contains eight pints. 1加仑等于8品脱。
【用法二】
container n. 容器
例如：Is the container large enough for that? 这个容器能装得下那东西吗？
3. equipment
【用法】n. [U] 设备；装备
例1：He offered us a new piece of equipment. 他给我们捐助了一件新设备。
例2：This is a shoe factory with modern equipment. 这是家制鞋厂配有现代化设备的鞋厂。
【相关链接】equip vt. 装备；配备
例1：Our army is equipped with modern weapons. 我们的军队已经配备了现代化的武器。
例2：Everyone, equip yourself for the task. 大家注意啦，把东西准备好，去干吧。
4.give advice on…
give advice on …就……提出意见（看法）
例1：Please give me some advice on my English learning. 请对我的英语学习提出一些意见。
例2：Marx gave some advice on how to learn a foreign language. 马克思对如何学习外语提出了自己的看法。
5.make suggestions
make suggestions 提出建议
例如：He was asked to make suggestions for their experiment.他们请他对他们的实验提出一些建议。
6.all the time
all the time 一直
例如：They went on well with their research all the time. 他们的研究一直进展顺利。
7.be careful with
be careful with留神；小心
例如：You should be careful with your spelling. 你在拼写方面应当仔细一些。
【相关链接】
1) be careful 小心；留神
例1：Be careful not to make the same mistake again. 小心别再犯同样的错误。
例2：Be careful with what you are doing. 留神一点，别出差错。
2) be careful of当心
例如：Don’t drink too much. Be careful of your health. 别喝太多了，当心你的身体。
3) be careless in 在……方面粗心大意
例如：He is always careless in his work. 他在工作中老是粗心大意。
8. keep up with
keep up with 与……保持一致；跟上
例1：I have to work hard to keep up with my classmates. 为了跟上我的同学，我必须努力学习。
例2：Dad, please slow down a bit. I can’t keep up with you. 爸，请您走慢一点；我跟不上您了。
【相关链接】
1) keep up 保持（高昂的气势等）
例1：Prices still keep up. 物价仍然高居不下。
例2：I really hope that such nice weather will keep up. 我真希望这样的好天气能再持续下去。
2) keep out (使……)不进入
例1：Danger! Keep out! 危险!不要入内！
例2：They shut all the windows to keep out the cold air. 他们将窗子全关上了，不让冷空气入室。
3) keep off 使不靠近
例1：They made a fire to keep off wild animals. 他们生了一堆火来驱赶野畜。
例2：They put up a notice in the garden, saying, “Keep off”.
他们在花园里是竖起一块牌子，上面写着“匆踏草地”。
4) keep away (from…)使远离；不接近
例1：You must keep the children away from the pool. 你一定不要让那些孩子靠近水池。
例2：What kept you away yesterday? 你昨天怎么没有来？
9.make (many) choices
make (many) choices 作出（许多）抉择
例1：We should learn how to make choices. 我们应当学会如何作出选择。
例2：She has made a good choice to marry him. 她决定嫁给他是一个好的选择。
10.be good for
be good for 对……有好处
例1：Doing more exercises is good for your health. 多做体操对你的身体健康有益。
例2：Eating apples is good for your brain. 吃苹果对你的大脑有益。
【相关链接】
1) be good at 擅长……
例如：My seatmate is good at playing computer games. 我的同桌很会玩电脑游戏。
2) do good to 对……有好处
例如：Eating more vegetables does good to your health. 多吃蔬菜有益于你的健康。
11.bass… on
bass …on 建立在……基础上；以……为根据
例1：His theory is based on many experiments. 他的理论是建立在多次实验基础上的。
12.be harmful (to)
be harmful (to ) (对……)有害
例1：Smoking is harmful to your health. 吸烟有害于你的健康。
例2：Reading in bed is harmful to your eyesight. 躺在床上看书对你的视力有害。
【相关链接】
1) do harm to 对……有害
例1：Eating a lot and exercising little do harm to your health. 吃得多而锻炼少对你的健康有害。
例2：That kind of work does much harm to workers’ lungs.
那种工作对工人的肺部健康有极大的损害。
例3：It will do you no harm. 这对你无害。
例4：There’s no harm in your staying up late occasionally. 你偶尔迟睡无伤大雅。
2) harm vt. 伤害
例如：Years of hard work harmed her a lot. 多年的劳累对她的身体伤害很大。
13.choose from
choose from 从……中选择
例1：The teacher chose three from us boys to do the job.
老师从我们男生中选了三个同学去做那件事。
【相关链接】
1) take one’s choice 任某人自行选择
例如：There’re many kinds of toys. Take your choice, Tom. 有多种玩具。汤姆，你自己随便挑一件吧。
2) one’s choice 所选定的人或物
例1： “He’s my choice, Dad,” said the girl shyly. “爸，他就是我的意中人。”那姑娘腼腆地说。
例2：That’s my choice. 我就要那个了。（那就是我的选择。）
14.be prepared for
be prepared for 为……做好了准备
例1：We are prepared for the coming test. 我们已做好了迎考准备。
例2：Are you all prepared for the performance? 你们都做好了演出的准备工作吗？
【相关链接】
1) prepare … for … 为……做准备
例1：The hostess has prepared everything for the guests. 女主人为迎接客人做好了充分的准备。
例2：We have to prepare ourselves for the school sports meet. 我们必须为参加校运会做好充分的准备。
2) be ready for 为……做好了准备
例1：Are you ready (for the dictation)? 你们（为听写）准备好了吗？
例2：I’m always ready for my motherland. 为了祖国的利益，我时刻准备着。
3) get ready for把……准备好
例1：Get the room ready for our meeting, Mary.
玛莉，去把房间收拾一下，我们要开个会议。
例2：Why not get yourself ready for the final test, Jim? 吉姆，怎么不去为期末考试准备一下呢？
15.be short of
be short of 缺少……
例1：We are short of workforce and money for the project. 进行这项工程，我们还缺少劳力和资金。
例2：The crops are short of water, for it hasn’t rained for days.这些农作物缺水，因为有好些日子没有下雨了。
【相关链接】
in short 简言之；一言以蔽之
例1：In short, Mr. White has devoted so much to our school. 简言之，怀特先生为我校做出了太我的奉献。
例2：In short, we should depend on ourselves in our studies. 简言之，在学习方面我们得依靠自己才行。
16.stay fit and healthy
stay fit and healthy 保持健康状况
例1：Good diet helps you stay fit and healthy. 良好的饮食习惯能使你保持健康。
【相关链接】
1) keep fit 保持健康
例1：Mum often dances to keep fit. 妈妈常跳跳舞来保持形体匀称。
2) stay up 熬夜（读书、工作等）
例1：He stayed up reading till midnight. 他读书直到半夜。
例2：Never stay up, especially before an important test. 不要开夜车，尤其是在大考前不要这样。
17.describe
【用法】vt. 描述；描绘
例1：The police asked the lady to describe what she had seen.警察要那位女士把她当时所见的一切描述一番。
例2：The leader of the workers described a bright future for the workers.那位领袖向那些工人们描绘了一幅美好未来的景象。
【相关链接】
description n. 描写；描述；形容
例1：She's given a vivid description of her beautiful village.她如实地把自己美丽的村庄进行了一番描述。
例2：The scenery was beautiful beyond my description. 那景致美得我难以形容。
例3：Can you give a description of the robber？你能说出那抢劫犯的模样吗？
18.Favourite
【用法一】adj. 最受欢迎的；最令人喜爱的
例1：Her favourite food is fish.她最喜欢的食物是鱼。
例2：What's your favourite subject?你最喜欢哪一门学科？
【用法二】n. 最受喜爱的（人或物）
例1：The secretary is the favourite of the chief manager. 那位秘书是总经理的宠儿。
例2：The dog is my grandma's favourite.那条狗备受我奶奶的宠爱。
【相关链接】
1）favour n. 恩宠；关爱
例1：With her boss's favour, she's always putting her nose up.因为有了她的老板宠着，她总是摆出一副趾高气扬的样子。
例2：The old teacher is high in his students' favour.那位老教师深受她的学生敬爱。
2）favour vt. 偏袒；对……有利
例1：A teacher should not favour any of his students.老师不应当偏袒任何一个学生。
例2：Could you favour us with another song?请你再给我们唱一首歌，好吗？
例3：The weather favoured our journey.天气好，使得我们旅行非常顺利。
3）in sb.'s favour 对某人有利
例如：The situation is in our favour （=in favour of us ）形势对我们有利。
4）do sb. a favour （=ask a favour of sb.）帮某人一个忙
例1：Could you do me a favour, sir?先生，您能帮我一下吗？
例2：May I ask a favour of you?请您帮个忙，好吗？
5）favourable adj. 有帮助的；赞许的
例1：The newcomer will be favourable in our work.新来的伙计会对我们的工作有帮助。
例2：Is Mr. White favourable to our 怀特先生赞成我们的提议吗？
19.allow
【用法】 vt. 同意；许可
例1：My parents allow me to play computer games only on Sundays.仅仅在星期天我的父母才同意我玩电脑游戏。
例2：Our school doesn't allow going swimming on weekdays.我校不允许任何人在工作日去游戏。
注意：当allow 后面不带宾语（sb.）时，不用不定式，而用v-ing形式。
20.argument
【用法】n. 争辩；争论
例1：There was an argument between them about what food should be for their son’s birthday dinner.他俩为儿子生日晚餐应吃什么争了起来。
例2：The misunderstanding caused the argument.误解导致了这次争吵。
【相关链接】
argue vi. 争辩；争论
例1：What did they argue about last night?他们昨晚为了什么争论起来了？
例2：I don’t want to argue about it with you any more.我不想为这事再与你争了。
21.create
【用法一】vt. 创造
例1：Most Westerners believe that God created the world.
大多数西方人信奉：上帝创造了世界。
例2：In her novel she created a few honest characters.她在小说中创造了几个诚实的人物。
【用法二】vt. 生产；制造
例1：What he did has created a bad impression.他的行为给人一种恶劣的印象。
例2： The factory has created better products.这家工厂生产（制造）了更好的产品。
【相关链接】
1）creation n. 创造；产品
例1：Her work is really a great creation in arts.她的作品真是一件了不起的艺术品。
例2：No on knows the creation of the world.无人知晓世界是怎样产生的。
2）creative adj. 有创造力的；具有创造性的
例1：That's a creative idea.真是一个有创意的想法。
例2：Mr. Brown is a creative bridge designer.布朗先生是一位有创意的桥梁设计师。
22.characteristic
【用法】n. 特点；特征
例1：Humour is one of his characteristics.幽默是他的特点之一。
例2：These are the characteristics of the old temple.这些就是这座古寺的特征。
【相关链接】
character n. 性格；特性（点）；人物；文字
例1：He is man with determined character.他是一个性格果断的人。
例2：What’s the character of your newly made machine?你们新近生产的机器有什么特点？
例3：Sports are good for a student to build his character.
体育运动有助于学生人格的形成。
23.community
【用法】 n. 社区
例1：He is head of the Chinese community in San Francisco.他是旧金山华人社区的负责人。
例2：She goes to the community center every day。她天天去社区活动中心。
【相关链接】
1）commune n. 公社
例如：the Commune of Paris 巴黎公社
2）communist n. 共产主义者；adj. 共产主义的
例1：Many communists lay down their lives during the Revolution.革命时期许多共产主义者牺牲了。
例2：The Communist Party of China was founded in 1921.中国共产党是1921年成立的。
3）communication n. 沟通；通信
例1：Learn to use the computer if you want to have good communication with the world.
如果你想能够与世界好好沟通的话，去学习使用电脑吧。
例2：Advanced countries usually have excellent communications.发达国家通常具有完备的通讯网络。
24.solve
【用法】 vt. 解决（问题）
例1：We have to find ways to solve the traffic problems.我们得想出办法来解决交通问题。
例2：All the problems have been solved.所有的问题都已解决。
25.fool
【用法一】vt. & vi. 欺骗；愚弄；捉弄
例1：The man fooled her out of all her money.那男子把她的钱全骗走了。
例2：The politician fooled lots of people into believing his words.那个政客骗得许多人相信了他的话。
例3：Can’t you stop fooling?别再做傻事行不行？
【用法二】 n. 傻瓜，呆子
例1：Tom is a fool, who even believes in her.汤姆真是傻子一个；他居然相信她。
例2：You fool! 你真傻!
【用法三】adj. 愚笨的
例如：I was fool enough to do that for her.我真够笨的，居然会为了她去做那样的事。
【相关链接】
foolish adj. 愚蠢的；不明智的；荒谬的
例1：Not being able to tell the difference, you are foolish这种区别也分辨不清，你真蠢。
例2：It was foolish of her to marry that man.她把自己嫁给了那男子，真不明智。
例3：She looks foolish in that dress.她穿那样的衣服，看起来真可笑。
26.compare…with…
compare…with…与……进行比较
例1：Let's compare Christmas with the Spring Festival, shall we? 咱们将“圣诞节”与“春节”进行一番比较，好吗？
例2：Why not compare your homework with hers?何不将你自己的作业与她的作业比较一下呢？
注意：compare to表示“把……比作……”。
例如：Girls are usually compared to flowers.女孩常被比作花朵。
27.learn about
learn about 了解
例如：Scientists are trying to learn more about the ocean.科学家们在设法更多地了解海洋。
【相关链接】
1）learn from sb. 向某人学习
例如：We should learn from Comrade Lei Feng.我们应当向雷峰学习。
2）learn…from sb. 从某人那里得知……
例如：I learnt the news from Mr. Wang. 我是从王老师那里得知这一消息的。
3）learn of ….得知……
例如：I learned of her lung cancer this morning.我是在今天上午才得知也患了肺癌。
4）learn…by heart 熟记；背诵
例如：Class, please learn this paragraph by heart.同学们，请认真记熟（背诵）这一段。
28.get together
get together 聚会；联欢
例1：They are to get together next Saturday.他们计划于下周星期六进行联欢。
例2：All of my classmates will get together in our former class adviser’s home.我们全班同学会去我们原班主任家里聚会。
【相关链接】
1） get along 设法度过；活过
例如：I can hardly get along Christmas without sending you a gift.在圣诞节不给你送一件礼物，我真不知怎样度过这个节日。
2）get along with sb. 与某人相处
例如：The newcomer is getting along well with all of us.这位新来的同学与我们大家相处甚好。
3）get along with sth. 某事进展……
例如：How are you getting along with your English studies?你的英语学习进展如何？
4）get away with sth. 拿某物潜逃；卷走某物
例如：The manager has got away with a large amount of money.那经理携持巨款潜逃了。
5）get back 回来；取回
例1：He got back from abroad yesterday.他昨天从国外回来。
例2：Go and get back my magazine.
去把我的杂志取回来。
29.in common
in common相同
例1：Chinese and Japanese have a lot in common in eating.在吃的方面，中国人和日本人有许多相同之处。
例2：They have nothing in common with one another.他们彼此毫无共同之处。
30.believe in
believe in 信任；信赖
例1：Most Westerners believe in God.大多数西方人信奉上帝。
例2：Fewer and fewer citizens believe in their government in the country.在那个国家，越来越少的市民对政府存有信心。
【相关链接】
believe vt. 相信（某人说的话）
例如：No one believed him （his words / what he said.）
没有人相信他说的是真话。
31.give away
give away 赠送；分送；泄露
例1：He gave away most of his money to the poor villagers.他把大部分钱都给了那些贫苦的村民。
例2：The headmaster gave away each of us a medal at the celebration.在庆功会上，校长给我们每人发了一枚勋章。
例3：His accent gave him away.他的口音暴露了他的身份。
32.play tricks on sb.
play tricks on sb. 捉弄某人；开某人的玩笑
例如：Jack likes playing tricks on his classmates.杰克喜欢捉弄他的同学。（杰克喜欢拿他的同学寻开心。）
33.take in
take in上当；吸收（营养、水分等）；招收
例1：She is easy to be taken in.她很容易上当。
例2：My sister was taken in by Beijing University last year.去年我姐姐考上北大了。
语法精讲：
情态动词(I)
had better，should，ought to
1．had better
had better的意思是“最好”，后面接动词原形，表示说话人希望对方做什么。had better not则表示说话人希望对方最好不要做什么。
e．g．You had better see a doctor．
你最好找大夫看看。
You had better not go home now．
你现在最好不要回家。
2．should
should通常表示劝告，建议，意思是“应该”。
e．g．You should keep your promise．
你应该履行诺言。
You should invite him to the party．
你应该邀请他参加舞会。
3．ought to
(1)ought to常用来表示因为有责任、义务，而应该做某事，通常与should意思相近。
e．g．The students ought to obey the school rules．
学生们应遵守校规。
Oughtn't we to give him a chance to try?
我们难道不应该给他一个尝试的机会吗?
(2)ought to也常用来表示劝告或建议，意思是“应当”，“宜于”。
e．g．There ought to be more buses during the rush hours．
在上下班乘客拥挤的时刻，公共汽车应当多一点。
(3)ought to还可表示猜测，意思是“理应”，“总应该”。
e．g．If he started at seven，he ought to be here now．
要是他七点钟出发，这会儿总应该到了。
情态动词(Ⅱ)
must，have to，have got to
1． must
(1)表示“必须，应当，非……不可”。否定式是must not或mustn't，表示强烈的禁止，意思是“不得……”，“不准……”。
e．g．You must tell your reason．
你必须讲出你的理由。
You mustn't speak like that to your mother．
你不准像那样对你的妈妈讲话。
(2)在回答带有must的问句时，否定式常用needn't，表示“不必”，语气比较委婉。
e．g．—Must I do it?
－我必须做这件事吗?
—Yes，you must．
No，you needn't．
一是的，你非做不可。
不，你不必做它。
(3)表示说话人对某事的猜测，意思是“一定”，“准是”，只用于肯定句中。
e．g．You must be tired after the long walk．走了远路，你一定很累了。
2．have to，have got to
以上两词，都表示“必须”，“不得不”，在这个意义上与must很相近，但must表示的是说话人的主观看法，而have，have got to则表示客观的需要，而且还有更多的时态形式。
e．g．I have to / have got to go now．
我现在得走了。
Then you will have to/ have got to go back at once．
即你得立刻回去。
He had to / had got to work day and night in the old days．
他在旧社会不得不日夜干活。
单元检测
一、单项选择
1. It is better ______ the right choices about what and how we eat.
A. make B. to make C. making D. makes
2. Our country has changed a lot, _______.
A. so does my hometown.
B.my home-town has so.
C. as has my hometown.
D. my hometown has as.
3. Junk food means ______ food.
A. polluted B. dirty C. green D. unhealthy
4. Organic vegetables are good ______ our health while junk food will do harm ____ our health.
A. for; for B. to; to C. to; for D. for; to
5. --- Ought we _____ clean the class room today?
--- Yes, you _____.
A. to; ought to B. /; ought
C. ought; ought D. /; ought to
6. There are __of dictionaries in the bookshop ___you can choose one.
A. a plenty of; from which
B. a great deal of; which
C. many; for which
D. a lot of; from which
7. I advised you ____ drink water that isn’t _____ any more.
A. not; boiled B. not to; boiling
C. not; boiling D. not to; boiled
8. --- What did Mary have ____ break-fast this morning?
--- She was late for school and hurried off ____ breakfast.
A. for; without B. at; without
C. for; after D. at; after
9. --- Would you like some more chicken?
--- No, thanks. I am ____ a diet and I’m trying to ____ weight.
A. on; lose B. our; put on
C. in; have D. in lose
10. _____ you will burn up in a relay race?
A.Do you think how much energy.
B.How do you think much energy.
C.How do you think much energy.
D.How much energy do you think.
11. We won’t give up _____ we should fail ten time.
A. even if B. since C. whether D. until
12. --- Merry Christmas!
--- ______.
A.Thank you B.The same to you
C. All right D. The same as you
13. We can hear the sound _____ the light when the thunder strikes.
A. following B. follow
C. followed by D. to follow
14. Tom, as well as his classmates, ____ going to watch the game.
A. will be B. is C. are D. were
15. He discovered in the ground a pot ___ 32 000 Chinese medal coins.
A. containing B. contained
C. to contain D. contain
16. We have a three-day holiday during ___ May Day,___ National Day and ____ Spring Festival.
A. /; /; the, B. the; the; /
C. the; /; the D. the; the; the
17. The ______ winter vacation will come in _____.
A. 20-days B. 20-day C. 20 days D.20 days’
18. I want to meet a man ______ John Smith.
A. calling B. called C. to call D. calls
19. Chinese and Japanese culture have many _____.
A. in the common B. on the common
C. in common D. on common
20. Mary together with his classmates, _____ going to watch the game.
A. is B. are C. will be D. will
21. _____ it is raining, we needn’t water the flowers.
A. Because B. As C. Sine D. For
22. Middle school students are not allowed _______.
A. to smoke B. smoking
C. smoke D. smoked
23. On April Fool’s Day people often play tricks _____ others.
A. to B. withC. on D. in
24. If a person is taken in, he or she is called April fool!
Which of following have the same meaning with the words underline.
A. fined B. cheated C. scolded D. praised
25. The ______ candles gave some _____ in the dark hall.
A. lighted; lights B. burnt; light C. lighted; light D. burning; lights
26. It is ______ that Tom will win the game.
A. likely B. possibly C. probably D. perhaps
27. ______ is a festival mainly for African Americans.
A. Easter B. Onam
C. Ramadan D. Kwanzaa
28. I can hear some voices. There _____ be some students in the class room.
A. may B. can C. must D. ought
29.We can see the light ______ the sound when a thunder strikes.
A. following B. followed by
C. to follow D. follow
30.Gold is similar_____ colour ______ brass(铜).
A. in; to B. to; to C. to; in D. in; in
二、完形填空：
When you are learning English, you find 31 wrong to translate a sentence word for word into your 32 language. Take the sentence “How do you do?” as an 33 . If you look 34 each word in the 35 , one at a time, what is your 36 ? It must be a 37 sentence in your native language. Languages do not only have different sounds, they are also 38 in many other ways. It is very 39 to master the rules of word 40 in the study of English, too. If the 41 puts words in a very unusual order, the listener doesn’t 42 the speaker’s sentence easily.
Another thing we must always 43 is that there are a lot of 44 in the English language. For example when we say “look out!” to a man who is in danger, we 45 mean “Be careful!”
When people are parting, they often say “Good—bye 46 ” “Bye—bye!” But sometimes they 47 say “Good morning!” or “Good afternoon!” or “Good evening!” 48 “Good night!” to one another 49 “Good—bye!” You will find few people 50 who know that “Good—bye!” is a short way of saying “God be with you!”
31.A. it B. that C. you D. yourself
32.A. second B. spoken C. native D. foreign
33.A. advice B. example C. article D. answer
34.A. up B. at C. after D. down upon
35.A. sentence B. book C. Phrase D. dictionary
36.A.idea B. meaning C. answer D. translation
37.A. wrong B. interesting
C. puzzled D. strangely
38.A. same B. different C. similar D. alike
39.A. important B. easy C. simple D. hard
40.A. place B .stress C. order D. formation
41.A. speaker B. listener C. reader D. writer
42.A. read B. repeat C. translate D. understand
43.A. remember B. say C. do D. deal with
44.A. letters B. words C. phrases D. idioms
45.A. hardly B. nearly C. really D. clearly
46.A. and B. or C. instead D. as well
47.A.don’t B. must C. should D. may
48.A. or B. nor C. either D. neither
49.A.without B. instead of C. unless D. more than
50.A.today B. tomorrow C. in future D. in the past
三、阅读理解
A
A car needs gas to run and your body also needs food to work for you. Eating the right kind of food is very important. It can help your body grow strong to take care of what you eat.
There are four main food groups altogether. The dairy group has food like milk, cheese and sour milk. The other three groups are the meat and fish group, the fruit and vegetable group, and the bread and rice group. Each meal should have at least one food from all four main groups. With all these food together, you will be given enough energy during the day.
It is easy to get into bad eating habits. You may eat your breakfast in a hurry to get to school on time. Or you may not have time for a good lunch. It may seem easy to finish your supper with fish and chips all the time. But you will find yourself tired in these days and you can not think quickly.
Watching what you eat will help keep your body healthy and strong. It is also good to take some exercise. It will help you eat more if you take a walk or play games in the open air. Having a good eating habit with some exercise is the key to your health.
51. Which of the following diets do you think is the best one?
A. Eggs, tomatoes and chicken.
B. Milk, bread, cabbages and beef.
C. Corn, fish, cream and pork.
D. Rice, beancurd（豆腐）, apples, fish and chicken.
52. Which of the following is a good eating-habit?
A. Going to school without any breakfast
B. Eating fish and chips for supper all the time..
C. Having at least one food from all four groups each meal.
D. Having different food from all four food groups.
53. In this passage the writer mainly tells us that _____.
A. every person needs food to grow well
B taking exercise can keep your body strong
C. the right kind of food with exercise will keep you healthy
D. enough energy helps people think more quickly
54. The underlined word “dairy” in the second passage means _____.
A. the food made out of cows such as milk and butter
B. she shop that sells milk and butter
C. a farm where cows are kept
D. a place where milk products are made.
55. The best title for this passage is _____.
A. The Four Food Groups B. A Healthy Diet
C. Your Body And Food
D. Food And Your Health
B
Is there anything more important than health? I don’t think so. “Health is the greatest wealth(财富),” wise people say. You can’t be good at your studies or work well when you are ill.
If you have a headache, toothache, backache, earache or bad pain in the stomach, if you complain of a bad cough, if you run a high temperature and have a bad cold, or if you suffer from high or low blood pressure, I think you should go to the doctor.
The doctor will examine your throat, feel your pulse, test your blood pressure, take your temperature, sound your heart and lungs, test your eyes, check your teeth or have your chest X-rayed. After that he will advise some treatment, or some medicine. The only thing you have to do is to follow his advice.
Speaking about doctor’s advice, I can’t help telling you a funny story.
An old gentleman came to see the doctor. The man was very ill. He told the doctor about his weakness, memory loss and serious problems with his heart and lungs. The doctor examined him and said there was no medicine for his disease.
He told his patient to go to a quiet place for a month and have a good rest. He also advised him to eat a lot of meat, drink two glasses of red wine every day and take long walks. In other words, the doctor advised him to follow the rule: “Eat at pleasure, drink with measure and enjoy life as it is.” The doctor also said that if the man wanted to be well again, he shouldn’t smoke more than one cigarette a day.
A month later the gentleman came into the doctor’s office. He looked cheerful and happy. He thanked the doctor and said that he had never felt a healthier man.
“But you know, doctor,” he said, “it’s not easy to begin smoking at my age.”
56. The writer thinks that .
A. health is more important than wealth
B. work is as important as studies
C.medicine is more important than pleasure
D. nothing is more important than money
57. The doctor usually tells his patient what to do .
A. without examining the patient
B. after he has examined the patient
C.if the patient doesn’t take medicine
D. unless the patient feels pain
58. The underlined part means “ ”.
A. he was feeling better than ever
B. he wasn’t a healthy man
C.he was feeling worse than before
D. he will be well again
59. From the last sentence of the passage, we learn the man before the doctor told him not to smoke more than one cigarette a day.
A. was a heavy smoker
B. didn’t smoke so much
C. didn’t smoke
D. began to learn to smoke
60. Which of the following is NOT true?
A. The doctor usually tests his/her blood pressure when a person is ill.
B. The man told the doctor he couldn’t remember things.
C. The man thanked the doctor.
D. The man didn’t follow the doctor’s advice.
Unit 15-16, SBⅡ
重点词语:
1. solve the mystery 揭开迷团
2. would rather do … 宁愿做……
3. accept the invitation 接受邀请
4. after all 毕竟
5. call on 拜访(某人)
6. try on 试穿
7. day and night 日日夜夜
8. pay off 还清
9. at most 最多, 至多
10. be worth 值……
11. earn a lot of money 赚很多钱
12. act out 表演出来
13. come up with 想出, 找到
14. advantages and disadvantages 利弊
15. conduct a number of experiment 做了很多实验
16. get charged 充电
17. a great deal of 大量, 很多
18. fix…to… 把……固定在……
19. conduct the electricity 导电
20. sense of smell 嗅觉
21. end in a tie 以平手结束, 打平
22. in tears 泪流满面
23. test on 在……身上做试验
24. at least 至少
25. work with 起作用
26. there is no doubt 毫无疑问
难点讲解:
1.
before
【用法一】prep.（时间）……以前
例1：He arrived there before me.他比我先到那里。
例2：A few minutes before the accident he called on me.事故发生几分钟以前他访问过我。
例3：Please come before 10 o’clock.请十点以前来。
【用法二】prep. （位置）在……的前面
例1：He sat just before me.他就坐在我的前面。
例2：The prisoner was taken before the court.犯人被带到法庭上。
【用法三】prep.（位次）先于，高于
例1：The English verb comes before the object.英语动词放在宾语前面。
例2：We should put the collective interests before our own personal interests.我们应该把集体利益放在个人利益的前面。
例3：Those with babies get on the bus before the oth-ers.带孩子的人先上车。
【用法四】conj. 在……以前
例1：I must finish my work before I go home.
我必须在回家这前做完工作。
例2：Before I came I to Shanghai, I had worked in Bei-jing for many years.我来上海之前在北京工作过很多年。
【用法五】conj. ……就……
例1：I had not waited long before he came.我没等多久他就来了。
例2：I’ ll do it now before I forget it.我趁着没忘记的时候就做吧。
例3：It wasn’t long before she came back.没过多久她就回来了。
【用法六】conj.……才……
例1：It will be long before we meet again.我们要过很久才能见面。
例2：One must sow before one can reap.先有播种然后才有收获。
【用法七】adv. （常与完成时或never连用）以前，从前
例1：Have you ever heard of that before?你以前听说过那事吗？
例2：I have never met him before.我以前从未见过他。
【相关链接】
1) before long（与将来式、过去式连用）不久以后
例1：Before long they
didn’t have to worry about their chickens.不久，他们就不必担心他们的欢迎鸡了。
例2：The work will be finished before long.该项工作不久即将完成。
2) long before（与一般过去时连用）很久以前
例1：We heard of it long before.我们很久以前就听说过那事了。
例2：I had heard of him long before I came here.我来这里很久以前就听说过他。
3) ago adv. （用于过去式）以前
例1：I met him three days ago.我三天以前见过他。
例2：He started two weeks ago.他在两星期前动身了。
2. scary
【用法】adj.可怕的，吓人的
例1：I was frightened when I was walking in a scary dark street.当我走在一条可怕的黑暗街道上时，我胆战心惊。
例2：The old man told us a scary story yesterday eve-ning.那位老人昨晚给我们讲了一个吓人的故事。
3. mysterious
【用法一】adj.神秘的，不可思议的
例1：Scientists are working hard to probe into the mys-terious universe.科学家们正努力地探索着神秘的宇宙。
例2：They are being very mysterious about their holiday plan.关于他们的度假计划，他们故作神秘。
【用法二】adj. 故弄玄虚的
例1：Don’t be mysterious！ 不要故弄玄虚。
例2：I think he is mysterious.我认为他是在故弄玄虚的。
4. recognize
【用法一】vt. 认出，辨认
例1：Yesterday he recognized his long lost brother.他昨天认出了失散已久的兄弟。
例2：I could hardly recognize him I met him at the airport.在机场接他时，我几乎认不出他来了。
例3：No one can recognize you in that disguise.你那么一化装，谁也不认不出你来了。
【用法二】vt.承认
例1：We recognize your government as the sole legal government of your country.我们承认你们的政府是你们国家唯一的合法政府。
例2：Our claim was recognized by the leadership as jus-tified.我们的要求已被领导承认是正确的。
例3：They refused to recognize our new government.他们拒绝承认我们的新政府。
【用法三】vt. 清楚地认识到；自认
例1：He recognized that the was not qualified他认识到他不能胜任这项工作。
例2：I recognize that he is the best worker we have.我认识到他是我们最好的工人。
例3：I hope that you can recognize your duty to your country.我希望你能够认识到自己对祖国的责任。
【用法四】vt.公认，欣赏
例1：He was recognized as an authority in international law.他被公认为国际法权威。
例2：The school recognized his studies by making him a best student in the school.学校为表彰他的学习而封他为学校的最佳学生。
例3：His merits have been recognized.他的功绩已被公认了。
【相关链接】
be recognized as 被承认是，被认出是
例1：Tom is recognized as the best football player in the school.汤姆被公认为学校最佳足球选手。
例2：The man was recognized as the one who stole the money from the store yesterday.那个人被认出是昨天在商店里偷钱的人。
【相关链接2】
recognition n. 认识；认出；承认；认中
1) in recognition of作为对……的报酬
例如：Please accept this cheque in recognition of all your help.请接受这张支票作为你全部帮助的报酬。
2) change beyond/out of all recognition 变得无法认出
例如：Illness and age changed her out of all recognition.疾病和衰老使她的模样变得认不出来了。
5. accept
【用法一】vt. 接受，领受
例1：She accepted our invitation to dinner. 她接受我们邀请来吃晚饭。
例2：He gladly accepted the offer to teach at the school.他高兴地接受了那所学校任教的请求。
例3：I always accept criticism with an open mind.
我总是虚心接受批评。
【用法二】vt.承认，认可
例1：We accepted his report as true.我们认为他的报告符合事实。
例2：Did she accept your reason for being late?她是否相信你迟到的理由？
例3：For a long time she could not accept that her hus-band was really dead.有很长一段时间她不相信她丈夫真的死了。
【用法三】vi.同意，承认
例如：He asked her to marry him and she accepted.他向她求婚，她答应了。
6. continue
【用法一】vi.继续，连续
例1：They continued on for another mile.他们又继续向前行进了一英里。
例2：The rain continued for two days.雨连续下了两天。
【用法二】vi. 留，依旧
例1：The minister continued at his post.那位部长留住任了。
例2：The sea had continued calm until a hurricane rose.飓风来临之前，海面一直平静。
例3：The weather continued fine.天气仍然很好。
【用法三】vt. 使继续，使连续
例1：He continued his interrupted higher education af-ter the war.战争以后他继续接受中断的高等教育。
例2：The meeting will be continued after a recess.休息后继续开会。
例3：He continued the study of Chinese poetry for sve-eral years.他继续研究中国诗词达数年之久。
【相关链接】
1）continue to do sth. = continue doing sth. 继续做某事
例如：The researchers continued testing/to test this hy-pothesis.研究人员继续验证这一假说。
2) continue a story 继续讲故事
例如：Uncle Wang continued the story until bed time.王叔叔继续讲故事一直到睡觉前。
3) To be continued待续
7. worth
【用法一】adj. （仅做表语，后接控语）值……的，相当于……的价值的
例1：These pieces of furniture are worth a total of one thousand dollars.这几件家具共值一千元。
例2：How much is a diamond necklace worth?一条钻石项链值多少钱？
例3：None really knows what time is worth.时间的价值有多大，没有人直正知道。
【用法二】adj. 值得……的；有……的价值的
例1：Only the first few pages are worth reading.只有头几页值得一读。
例2：Is the play worth seeing?这出戏值得一看吗？
例3：Is it worth all the trouble?费那么多事值得吗？
【用法三】n. [U] 价值，精神价值
例1：The professor’s discovery was of great worth.这位教授的发现很有价值。
例2：Worth makes the man, and want of it, the villain.有德为君子，无德为小人。
例3：The worth of this discovery was not realized until
a hundred years after his death.直到他死后一百年，人们才认识到这项发现的价值。
【相关链接】
1) not worth one’s while 不值一干
例如：It’s not worth your while visiting that temple of lit-tle historical value. 那个寺庙不值得你去参观，因为它在历史上没有多大价值。
2) worthwhile adj. 无价的，无用的
例1： Throw it away. It’s quite worthless. 把它扔掉，这东西毫无用处。
例2： It’s worthless to anybody.这对任何人都毫无价值。
3) worthwhile adj. 值得花时间的，值得做的
例1：Some worthwhile researches have been made. 做了一些值得进行的研究。
例2：Such a result is not quite worthwhile.这样的成果不太合算。
8. worthy
【用法一】adj. 有价值的，可尊敬的
例1：He is a worthy man.他是个高尚的人。
例2：Lei Feng was a worthy son of the people.雷峰是人民的好儿子。
例3：Our cause is a worthy one.我们的事业是正义的事业。
【用法二】adj. （作表语）值得的，配得上的
例1：Your achievements are worthy of admiration. 你的成就值得钦佩。
例2：Another document worthy to be mentioned is the resolution passed at the summit conference.值得一提的另一个文件就是高级会议上通过的那个决议。
9. fall
asleep
fall asleep 入睡
例1：Last night I was trying to fall
asleep when sudden-ly the telephone rang.昨天晚上我正要试图入睡，这时突然电话铃响了。
例2：He went to bed early but he couldn’t fall asleep.他很早就上床了，但无法入睡。
例3：He fell asleep while listening to the light music.他在听那首轻音乐时睡着了。
【相关链接】
1) fall back退却；后退
例如：We must not fall back before the enemy.在敌人面前我们不能退却。
2) fall behind 落在……的后面，跟不上
例如：I must work hard in order not to fall behind.为了不落后，我必须努力学习。
3) fall in with sb. 偶尔遇到某人
例如：On my way to school yesterday morning, I fell in with Xiao Hui.昨天早上在上学的路上，我遇上了小惠。
4) fall out with sb. 与某人争吵
例如：I feel very bad because I have just felt out with one of my frieds.我感觉心情很糟，因为刚同我的一位朋友争吵过。
5) fall in love (with sb.) 爱上（某人）
例如：They fell in love with each other when they were a-broad in 2001.他们于2001年在国外时恋爱了。
6) fall (get) into trouble (difficulty) 陷入困境
例如：In those years, they often fell into trouble.那互日子里，他们经常陷入困境。
7) fall (come) to pieces 跌碎，摔碎
例如：The old temple fell into pieces last night.那座古庙昨晚坍塌了。
8) fall into a dream 进入梦乡
例如：He went bed early and fell into a dream soon.他早就睡了，并且很快就进入了梦乡。
9) fall into a habit 染上一种习惯
例如：When he was in the country, he fell into a habit of smoking.他在农村养成了抽烟的习惯。
10) fall dead 倒下死去
例如：The man fell on his knees before a rich man and asked for some money. 那个人在一个有钱人的面前跪下乞求些钱。
11) fall dead 倒下死去
例如：In the battle, the young soldier was shot and fell dead.在战斗中，那个年轻的士兵被击中，倒下死了。
12) fall short to 达不到，不符合
例如：These goods fall short of quality.这批货物不符合质量。
13) fall on落在，落到，袭击，进攻
例如：Christmas Day fell on a Monday that year.那年的圣诞节恰好是在星期一。
10. after all
after all 须知，毕竟
例1：I was right after all. He failed.到底我还是对的，他还是失败了。
例2：I know he hasn’t finished his work, but, after all, he is a very busy man. 我知道他尚未完成工作，不过，别忘了，他是个大忙人。
【相关链接1】
1) at all 居然，究竟，到底；（在否定句中）一点也不
例1：I was surprised at his coming at all.他居然来了，我很奇怪。
例2：Do you know him at all?你究竟知道不知道他？
例3：I don’t like watching TV at all.我一点也不喜欢看电视。
例4：If you know at all, you will not do so. 要是你知道一些的话，你不会那样做的。
2) all in all 一般而言，整体而言
例1：All in all we had a good time.
总起来说，我们玩得很愉快。
【相关链接2】
1) all along 自始至终
例如：I knew that all along.我自始至终都知道那件事。
2) all but 几乎
例如：I am all but ready.我几乎准备好了。
3) all over 全部；到处；遍及每个角落
例1：They painted the door green all over.他们把门全部漆成了绿色。
例2：We’ve been hunting for him all over.我们一直到处找他。
例3：They are traveling all over India.他们在印度各地旅游。
11. call on
call on拜访（某人）；请求；使出（力量）
例1：We can call on Mary tomorrow. 我们明天能拜访玛丽。
例2：I will now call on Li Ming for an answer.我现在要向李明请教答案。
例3：We have to call on all our strength. 我们得用全力。
【相关链接】
1) call at 参观（某地方）
例如：We called on our headmaster at his office.我们昨天在校长办公室拜访了校长。
2) call for 要求；需要；约请（人）
例1：He called for the waiter for the bill.他呼唤侍者过来要帐单。
例2：I’ll call for you at 9 o’clock tomorrow morning. 明天早上九点我来叫你。
3) call in 邀来，请来；收回
例1：Have you called any doctor in?你们请医生了吗？
例2：The makers have called in some cars with dangerous faults.制造商已收回一些危险缺陷的汽车。
4) call up征集；唤起；打电话
例1：The villagers called up the soldiers to clear up the road.
村民们召集了士兵来清扫道路。
例2：The movie calls up my bitter hatred for the terror-ists.
这部电影唤起了我对恐怖分子的深仇大恨。
例3：If you want to place an order, please call me up.如果你要订购的话，就电话给我。
12.pay off
pay off 偿清（债务等）
例如：It took them six years to pay off the debts.他们花了六年时间才还清那件判决所定的债务。
【相关链接】
1) pay back 偿还；报答，回报
例1：If you’ll lend me two yuan, I’ll pay it back tomor-row.要是你能借给我两元线，我将在明天归还。
例2：How can I pay you back for all your kindness?
我将怎样报答你的一切好意呢？
2) pay down用现金支付，当场支付
例如：He paid the money down and took the goods.他当场付了钱，并取走了货物。
3) pay for为了得到……而付钱；因……而受罚
例1：Of course we have to pay for all we buy.当然我们不论买什么都得付钱。
例2：He will have to pay for his carelessness.他将得为他的粗心而自食其果。
4) pay in存入；捐（钱）
例1：I pay in five yuan each month.我每月把五块钱存入银入。
例2：The contributions actually paid to date amount to more than three thousand yuan.到现在为止，实际收到的捐款共计三千元以上。
5) pay out 付出钱；向……报复
例1：They have to pay out a lot on repairing that house.为了修理那所房子他们得付很多钱。
例2：The man said that he would pay Bill out for his kill-ing his brother.那个人说他为比尔杀了他的兄弟而要向比尔报仇。
6) pay up付清（钱）
例1：You must pay up what you owe me.你必须还清欠我的钱。
例2：He asked me to pay up. 他要求我把钱付清。
13.instruction
【用法】n.指令；指示；说明
例1：Just click the mouse and you’ll get the instructions you need.点击鼠标，你就会得到你所需要的指令。
例2:Give them your instructions and they’ll do the experiment well.给他们下达您的指示吧，他们会做好这项试验的。
例3：Read the instructions before taking the medicine.在服用此药之前，要看一看说明。
【相关链接】
1) instruct vt. 教授；指导；通知
例1：Professor Brown instructs two classes in physics.布朗教授教两个班的物理。
例2：Who’ll instruct them to do the experiment ?谁将指导他们做这项试验？
例3：I’ve been instructed that I have to be present at the meeting.有人通知我，要我出席那个会议。
2) instructive adj. 有教育意义的
例如：The film is both instructive and interesting 这部电影既有教育意义，又有趣。
14. Realize
【用法一】vt. 认识；意识
例如：After talking with his father, Jack realized that playing too much computer games would do bad to his studies.经过与父亲的谈话后，杰克认识到过量玩电脑游戏会影响他的学习。
【用法二】vt. 实现
例如：By working hard, he realized his wishes finally.靠努力奋斗，他终于实现了自己的理想。
15.attract
【用法一】vt. 吸引
例如：A magnet attracts iron.磁石吸引铁。
【用法二】vt. 引起……注意
例如：Her beautiful dress attracted many eyes .她好漂亮的外衣吸引了很多目光。
【相关链接】
1) attraction n. 吸引力
例1：The attraction of the moon for earth causes the tides.月球对地球的吸引力造成了潮汐。
例2：Computer games have little attractions for my parents .电脑游戏对我父母亲没有什么吸引力。
2) attractive adj. 诱人的；有吸引力的
例如：What an attractive price for such a nice dress !这么好一件衣服，却标出这样诱人的低价！
16.last
【用法一】vi. 持续
例1:The meeting lasted two hours.会议开了两个小时。
例2：The quarreling between the couple lasted quite some time.这对夫妇吵了好一阵子。
【用法二】adj. 上一次的
例如：He went there last year 他去年就去了那里。
【用法三】 adv. 最后
例1：Whoever leaves last should turn off the lights.谁若最后离去，应当关灯。
例2：He who laughs , laughs best.谁笑到最后，谁笑的最好。
17.enough
【用法一】adj.足够的
例1：I have enough money to buy a new bicycle.我有足够的钱买一辆新自行车。
例2:He has time enough to write her essay.他有足够的时间去写他的论文。
注意：enough 作形容词时可以置于被修饰的名词前面或后面作定语。
【用法二】adv. 足够
例1:The little boy is not tall enough to reach the pear on the tree.那个小男孩还不够高；他还摘不到树上的那个梨。
例2：The temperature is high enough to turn the ice into water.这种温度跑以使冰融化成水。
注意：当enough 作副词修饰形容词时，它只能后置。
【用法三】n. 充分；足够
例1：Enough has been said on this subject .关于这个问题说得已经够多了。
例2：They didn’t has enough to eat then.那时他们常吃不饱。
18.charge
【用法一】vt. 充电
例如：The battery has to be charged again.这个电瓶又要充电了。
【用法二】vt.要求付款（服务费用）
例如：The bicycle repairman charged me two yuan那位修自行车的师傅让我付给他两元钱的修理费。
【用法三】vt.& vi. 突袭；猛冲
例1:Our soldiers charged the enemy at sunset .太阳落山时，我军士兵向敌军发动了袭击。
例2：The angry man charged into the office , shouting at his boss.那个愤怒的男子冲进办公室，冲他的老板大声吼骂起来。
【用法三】n. 负责。
例1：Who is charge of the project?谁负责这个项目。
例2：The project is in the charge of Professor Lee.这个项目由李教授负责。
19.conduct.
【用法一】vt.指导；引导
例如：His maid conducted us to the door.她的女仆把我们领到门口。
【用法二】vt. （电流）通过；传导
例如：Copper conducts electricity better than other materials.铜导电较其他物质佳。
【用法三】vt.指挥；管理
例如：The orchestra is conducted by her father.这支管乐队由她的父亲指挥。
【相关链接】
1）conduction n. （热、电、水等的）传导
例如：The conduction of the water from the river to the city is excellent.从这条河进入那个城市的输水系统情况非常好。
2）conductor n. （火车、汽车上的）收票员
例如：“Tickets , please. Tickets，” said the conductor .那位列车验票员说：“请把票拿出来，验票啦。”
20.cross
【用法一】n. 十字架；（给错误评定符号的）叉
例1：The American wear a cross around his neck.那个美国人脖子上系着一个（耶稣受难）十字架。
例2:I’ve got two crosses in my maths exercise book.我的数学练习有两道题做错了（得了两个叉）。
【用法二】n. 杂交品种
例如：Her pet cat is a cross between a white cat and a black one.她喂的那只宠物猫是由黑、白两种颜色不同的猫产下的杂交品种。
【用法三】vt. 横过；穿越
例如：look to either end of the street before you cross it .横过街道前，你要看看街道两端时否有车辆（通过）。
21.sharp
【用法一】adj. 敏锐的；聪慧的
例如：He had sharp eyes and was able to tell everything in politics.他目光敏锐，政治方面洞察秋毫。
【用法二】adj. 尖锐的；锋利的。
例如：Take care ! The knife is sharp.当心！这把刀挺锋利的.
【用法三】adv. 准点
例如：The meeting began at 8:00 sharp.会议在八点整准时开始。
【相关链接】 sharpen vt. 使尖锐
例如：He’s sharpening his pencil.他在削铅笔。
22.Tear
【用法一】 vi. 撕
例如：Take care ! The cloth tears easily.当心！这种布料很容易撕破。
【用法二】vi. 撕扯；揪（与at连用）
例如：seeing the box ,Mary tore at the paper around it, eager to see the gift in it.一拿到那个盒子，玛丽就撕开外面的那层包装纸，急着看看盒子里装的是什么礼物。
【用法三】vt. 拆卸；拆除（与down连用）
例如：The workers are tearing down the houses to build a park
工人们正在拆除那些旧房子；建一个公园。
【用法四】vt. 撕开；撕裂。
例如：After reading the letter ,she tore it into pieces.
读完这封信，她就把它撕成了碎片。
【相关链接】 tear n. 眼泪
例如：When she heard the news, she burst into tears.
听到那消息时，她的眼泪夺眶而出。
23. in one’s opinion
in one’s opinion 在某人看来
例如：In my opinion ,we should let the children learn to operate computers.我认为，我们应当让孩子学会操作电脑。
24. make use of
make use of 利用
例如：We should make full (good) use of our limited time .
我们应该充分（很好地）利用我们有限的时间。
25.a number of
a number of 很多（后接可数名词）
例如：A number of students spend too much time on computer games.有很多学生在玩电脑游戏方面花的时间太多了。
【相关链接】
1) the number of ……的数目（谓语用单数）
例1：The number of the teachers in my school is 206.我校教师人数是206名。
例2：What’s the number of the students in you class?你班学生人数是多少？
例3：The number of the workers in the factory is large (small).这家工厂的人数量真多（少）。
注意：不用many或few 与the number of 搭配。
2) number of 许多
例如：Numbers of men in the villages have gone to the front .
这些村的许多男子都上前线去了。
26.a great deal of
a great deal of 许多（后接不可数名词）
例如：He found a great deal of water over there.
他在那边发现了许多水。
【相关链接】
1) a good many 许多(后接可数名词复数)
例如：There are a good many new houses at the foot of the hill.在那山脚下有许多新房子。
2) a lot of 许多（后接可数和不可数名词）
例1：There are a lot of mistakes in her homework她的作业有很多错误
例2：There is a lot of water in the pail 水桶里面有许多水
26.protect…from
protect …from … 保护……免受损害
例如：In order to protect the sheep from the snowstorm, he drove them into the cave.为了不使羊群遭到暴风雪的袭击，他把羊群赶进了洞穴。
27. go against
go against 与……相抗衡；抵触
例1：We mustn’t go against nature , or we’ll be punished by it .
我们绝不能违背大自然的规律，否则，我们将为此而遭到大自然的惩罚。
例2：In my opinion ,the school rule goes against the law.我认为，条校规违背了法律。
28.be made up of
be made up of 由……组成
例如：Our class committee is made up of seven students.我们的班委会由七位学生组成。
【相关链接】
1) be made of 由……制成
例如：The toy car is made of wood.这个玩具汽车是木头做的。
2) be made from 由……（提炼）制成
例如：The famous wine is made from rice and corn.这种名酒是由稻谷和玉米酿制的。
3) make …into … 把……制成为……
例如：The workers are making glass into beautiful vases .工人们把玻璃制成漂亮的花瓶。
语法精讲：
情态动词(Ⅲ)
must，can／could，may／might
1． must
(1)must 表示“必须，应当，非……不可”.否定式是 must not 或 mustn’t，表示强烈的禁止，意思是“不得……”，“不准……”，“不应该……”.
e．g．You must tell your reason．
你必须说出你的理由.
You mustn’t speak like that to your mother．
你不准像那样对你妈妈讲话.
(2)must 表示说话人对事物的猜测，意思是“一定”，“准是”，通常只用于肯定句中.
e．g．You must be tired after the long walk．
走了远路，你一定很累了.
(3)在回答带有must的问句时，否定式常用 needn’t，表示“不必”，语气委婉.
e．g．Must I do it?
我必须做这事吗?
Yes，you must．
是的，你非做不可.
No，you needn’t．
不，你不一定做它.
2．can／could
(1)can 可表示“能力，可能性，许可”，在口语中，can 可以代替 may.
e．g．You can go now．
你可以去了.
(2)could 是 can 的过去式，可用来表示“请求”，或陈述看法.语气比 can委婉，并不表示过去时态.
e．g．Could you let me put my head in the tent? It’s so cold outside．
你可以准许我把头放在帐篷里吗?外面是这么冷.
3．may／might
(1) may 表示“允许”或征求对方许可，它的否定形式可用 may not，表示“不可以”，也可用 mustn’t 表示“不可以，不准，绝对不行”等意思.
e．g．May I watch TV after supper?
我可以在晚饭后看电视吗?
(2) might 是 may 的过去式.
e．g．He said that I might go．
他说我可以去.
(3) may 和 might 表示现在或将来的可能性，表示说话人的猜测.
e．g．This may ( 或 might ) be true．
这事说不定是真的.
【重点难点解析】
构词法
英语主要有三种构词法：转化、派生和合成.
1．转化：由一个词类转化为另一词类.
(1)动词转化为名词
e．g．swim→to go for a swim
look→to have a look at
study→to make a study
walk→to take a walk
visit→to pay a visit
(2)名词转化为动词
e．g．water(水)→to water the trees (浇树)
plant(植物)→to plant the vegetables (种菜)
fool(傻瓜)→to fool somebody (愚弄某人)
hand(手)→hand in the homework (交作业)
(3)形容词转化为动词
slow→to slow down (慢下来)
empty→to empty the glass (倒空杯子)
(4)形容词转化为名词
rich→the rich (富人)
young→the young (年轻人)
2．派生：通过加前缀或后缀构成另一个词.
(1)前缀
e．g．un— happy(快乐的) unhappy(不快乐的)
dis— like(喜欢) dislike(不喜欢)
im— possible(可能的) impossible(不可能的)
mis— understand(理解) misunderstand(误解)
super— market(市场) supermarket(超级市场)
kilo- metre(米) kilometre(千米)
in- visible(看得见的) invisible(看不见的)
ir— repdsr(规则的) irregular(不规则的)
re- write(写) rewrite(重写)
(2)后缀
e．g．-er work(工作) worker(工人)
—or visit(访问) visitor(参观者)
—ese Japan(日本) Japanese(日本人)
—ing build(建筑) building(建筑物)
—ment move(移动) movement(运动)
—ship friend(朋友) friendship(友谊)
—ful care(关心) careful(仔细的)
—ly brave(勇敢的) bravely(勇敢地)
—ence differ(不同) difference(不同)
—ance import(重要性) importance(重要)
—ure fail(失败) failure(失败)
—th true(真的) truth(真理)
—ity active(积极的) activity(活动)
—y difficult(困难的)difficulty(困难)
—ness ill(有病的) illness(疾病)
—ism social(社会的) socialism(社会主义)
—ist social(社会的) socialist(社会主义的)
—less care(关心) careless(粗心的)
—ive act(行为) active(积极的)
—ous fame(名声) famous(出名的)
—1y friend(朋友) friendly(友好的)
—en wood(木料) wooden(木制的)
—able comfort(安慰) comfortable(愉快的)
—en hard(硬的) harden(变硬)
3．合成：由两个或更多的词组成一个词.
e．g．good-looking好看的 peace-loving爱好和平的
reading--room阅览室 however然而
pencil-box铅笔盒 well－known出名的
everyday每天 son-in-law女婿
grown-up成年人 new-born新生的
单元检测
一、单选题
1. -I don't think I know you.
- .
A. No, you do B. Yes, you don't
C. Yes, you wouldn't D. No, you wouldn't
2. After ten years of hard work, they had at last paid all the money they had borrowed.
A. for B. out C. in D. back
3. His daughter a rich doctor for two years.
A. had married B. has been married to
C. married with D. got married to
4. -How long had the Loisels been worried like this?
- the evening when they left the palace.
A. From B. In C. After D. Since
5. Don't worry about your son. You'll see him in 3 hours at .
A. least B. most C. all D. once
6. Tell me about the scence Jeanne couldn't recognize her close friend?
A. where B. when C. which D. that
7. The watch me 300 francs. But Mum doesn't think it is the price.
A. took; worth B. spent; valuable
C. cost; valuable D. cost; worth
8. Have they invited in your class to the party?
A. anyone else B. else anyone
C. other anyone D. another anyone
9. Your suggestion is worthy .
A. considering B. being considered
C. to be considered D. of considering
10. I'll next time in Beijing.
A. call at you B. drop in you
C. call on you D. call out to you
11.It looks as if they are going to _________ us a lot of money for the concert hall.
A.demand B.cost
C.charge D.ask
12.They had to_________ before they finished the course because they were not well disciplined.
A.drop in B.drop out
C.drop off D.drop by
13.At midnight the enemy attacked _________.
A.without warning B.without notice
C.without permission D.A or B
14.You'd better get all the work _________ before you leave.
A.finishing B.to finish
C.finished D.be finished
15.I didn't like aunt Lucy,who __________ without warning and bringing us presents.
A.always turned up
B.has always turned up
C.had always turned up
D.was always turning up
16._________ no need for everybody to discuss the problem again since it has already been solved.
A.It has B.There has
C.We have D.There is
17.Plastic and rubber won't _________ electricity,but copper will.
A.have B.do
C.pass D.conduct
18._________ that he had fallen behind,he tried to work harder.
A.Having realized B.Realized
C.Realize D.To realize
19.The key _________ the string was put into the door to stop the kite _________.
A.tie to;flying away
B.tying to;fly away
C.tied to;flying away
D.tied to;fly away
20.There is _________ that her daughter will pass the exam to go abroad to study.
A.chances B.likely
C.a high chance D.possible
21.Arguments happen when people _________ each other's views.
A.go against B.go for
C.keep D.have
22._________ that it's very cruel to kill wild animals for money.
A.It is no doubt B.There is no doubt
C.It is not doubt D.There is not doubt
23.Every minute should be _________ lessons.
A.made full use to learn
B.made use of learning
C.made use of to learn
D.used of learning
24._________,they'll carry on the work until they can get the money they need.
A.As I think B.In my opinion
C.In spite of D.To my view
25.—Do you think we can get there on time?
—Yes,_________ the bus does not break down.
A.even if B.unless
C.until D.so long as
二、完形填空
In the last century there were not 26 big towns in the U.S. 27 there are today.Most towns in the country were small.And in these small towns,the general store was 28 people 29 the things they couldn't made or grow at home.
30 the store sold 31 a good deal about life in the United States at that time.People bought tools that they needed on their farms.They bought salt,sugar,coffee and 32 that their farms didn't produce.They bought articles of 33 that they could not make themselves,and cloth or other materials that the 34 would make into dresses for themselves,shirts for the men and clothes for their children.
Life in the 35 century America was 36 .One proves that most people were satisfied with what they had 37 still they looked forward 38 courage to whatever the future would 39 them.It would be interesting to know 40 they would feel about life in the world today. 41 to them that life is too complex,or would they be glad to see that life is 42 in the past?
Nobody will 43 know the 44 people at that time would enjoy life today or not.Perhaps man is always the same of his kind.They did take things for granted,and also they did try to make life more comfortable.We have to admit that it is the same 45 people at present.
26.A.many B.so many C.so much D.a lot of
27.A.where B.like C.what D.as
28.A.where B.for C.in which D.that
29.A.made B.bought C.sold D.paid for
30.A.That B.No matter C.Which D.What
31.A.says B.talks C.refers D.tells
32.A.other things B.another food
C.other foods D.foods and drinks
33.A.clothes B.clothing C.dresses D.suits
34.A.farmers B.men C.women D.children
35.A.eighteenth B.nineteenth C.twentieth D.next
36.A.easy B.simple C.interesting D.tiresome
37.A.and which B.and yet C.and that D.but what
38.A.in B.to C.of D.with
39.A.bring B.take C.happen to D.serve
40.A.what B.whether C.that D.how
41.A.Did it appear B.Would it seem
C.What did it seem D.What appeared
42.A.still what it used to be
B.better than what it was
C.much more easier than
D.no more than it was
43.A.never B.always C.once D.ever
44.A.truth that B.fact whether
C.idea how D.information of
45.A.as B.for C.with D.like
三、短文改错
Mr.Smith was a biology professor,but he had
1._________
a lot of animal bones that he was very proud.Then
2._________
one year he managed to get a better job in others
3._________
university.As he was busy at the work,his wife asked 4._________
three men to remove all their things to the new house. 5._________
One of them was just about throw a large box into the 6._________
truck with all the other things,then Mrs.Smith ran 7._________
out and said,“Please treat the box gentle! It has 8._________
all of my husband's bones in it.” Heard this,the 9._________
man was so surprising that he nearly dropped it on his feet. 10._________
Unit 17-18, SBⅡ
重点词语:
1.in high position 地位很高
2.the South Pole南极
3.the North Pole北极
4.polar bear北极熊
5.at the opposite end of 在……对面
6.pull one’s sled 拉雪橇
7.be about do (do ) 正要（做）
8. be just around the corner 就在附近，即将来临
9.fall into 掉人
10.in good health 健康状况良好
11.stand on one’s left leg 用左腿独立站好
12.solo travel独自旅行
13.blow away 吹跑；刮走
14.knock sb. over. 把某人撞倒
15.refer to 所指；参考
16.rise to fame 名声大振
17.the host of a talk show脱口秀主持人
18.so far 到目前为止
19.in history 在历史上
20.fight for chances 设法寻找机会
21.best of luck to you 祝你好运
22.without a strong plan 没有详细的计划
23.always be the very best 总是做到最好
24.share with与……分享
25.lie to 位于……
26.be made up of 由……组成
27.be surrounded by 被……环绕
28.be famous for 因……闻名
29.such as 例如
30.take possession of 拥有……
31.refer to 参考；所指
32.in relation to 与……有关
33.be marked with 标有……记号
34.compare…to…把……比作
35.stand for 代表
36.make up 占据空间
37.plenty of 大量；许多
38.be native to 原产于……
39.be careful in （在某方面）仔细
40.prepare for … 为……作准备
难点讲解:
1.inspire
【用法】vt. 激励；鼓励
例如: His deeds greatly inspired his schoolmates.他的行为极大地激励了他的同学。
【相关链接】
1）inspiring adj. 激励人心的
例如：The speaker’s words were inspiring.演讲者的话很具有感召力。
2）inspired. adj. 受到鼓舞的
例如：The inspired soldiers threw their caps into the air,
shouting，“Long live the Public!”受到鼓舞的士兵将帽子抛向空中，大声喊着：“共和国万岁！”
3）inspiration n. 激励的人的人或事物
例1：My father is always an inspiration to me父亲对我来说总是一个鼓励者
例2：The motto is an inspiration to many of us. 这个“座右铭”对于我们许多人来说是一种激励。
2. mean
【用法一】adj. 地位卑下的；出身微贱的
例如：All the maids were mean in Dreams of the Red Chamber
《红楼梦》中所有的丫环都是地位卑微的人
【用法二】adj. 吝啬的
例如：Her husband is rather mean over money.她的丈夫对钱相当吝啬。
【用法三】adj. 破烂不堪的
例如：They used to live in mean house in a mean street.他们以前住在一条鄙陋街道上的一幢破烂不堪的房子里。
3. tense
【用法】adj.紧张的
例1：Her legs felt tense after running.跑步后，她感到双腿肌肉紧张。
例2：He looks tense with anxiety.他因焦虑而显得紧张。
例3：The situation became tense suddenly.
形势一下子变得紧张起来了。
【相关链接】
nervous adj.紧张的（只指人的精神状态）
例如：She felt nervous when asked about that.当被问到那件事时，她紧张起来了。
4. increase
【用法一】vt. & vi.增长
例1：Her absence increased our difficulty in doing the experiment.她的缺席增加了我们做这次试验的难度。
例2：The number of the students in my class has increased to 58.
我班学生人数已经增长到了58位。
【用法二】n./’inkri:s /增多；增加
例1：The population increase makes the government feel hard.
人口的增长让政府甚感棘手。
例2：We have got a steady increase in production.我们的生产在稳步增长。
【相关链接】
increasing adj. 不断增长的
例1：The increasing traffic problems are troubling the city people.不断增长的交通问题一直在困扰着市民。
例2：The shopkeeper feels happy at the increasing income.对于日益增多的收益，店老板乐开了花。
5.threaten
【用法一】vt.威胁；恐吓
例1：The boss threatened to dismiss Lucy if she didn’t obey him.老板威胁露西，如果她不服从，就要开除她。
例2：The secretary received a letter threatening to murder the manager.秘书收到一封信，信中扬言要谋杀经理。
【用法二】vt.& vi.预示；将要发生
例1：The gathering black clouds are threatening a storm.天空中乌云密布，这预示着风暴要来了。
例2：Knowing that a folld threatens, all the villagers are trying hard to get everything ready.知道一场洪水将要来临，所有的村民都在努力做好一切准备。
【相关链接】
1）threat n. 恐吓；威胁
例如：I’m not afraid of their threat.我不惧怕他们的恐吓。
2）threat n.恶兆
例如：There was a threat of rain in the dark sky.乌云密布的天空有下雨之兆。
6.support
【用法一】vt.支持
例如：We firmly support their struggle for human rights.我们坚决支持他们为人权而进行的斗争。
【用法二】vt.支撑
例1：Whales have no strong bones to suport their heavy bodies on land.鲸没有结实的骨骼在陆地上支撑其沉重的身体。
例2：The hall is supported by six large columns.
这个大厅由六根大圆柱支撑着。
【用法三】vt.养活
例如：He has a large family to support.他要养活一家子人。
【用法四】n.支持
例如：I hope to have your support in the election.我希望在这次选举中得到你的支持。
7.affect
【用法一】vt.影响
例1：Parents’ words and deeds affect their children a lot.父母亲的言行对小孩的影响极大。
例2：Some plants are quickly affected by cold.有些植物很快就受到了寒冷气候的影响。
【用法二】vt.感动；打动
例如：The students were much affected by her story.同学们被她的事迹深深地感动了。
【用法三】vt.（疾病）感染
例如：His wound was affected badly.他的伤口受到严重的感染。
8.lie
【用法一】vi. 平躺（不规则动词，其过去式、过去分词为lay，lain）
例如：lie on one's back/side仰/侧卧
【用法二】v. 展现，伸展
例如：A bright future lies ahead.前途是光明的。
【用法三】v. 位于
例1：London lies on the River Thames.伦敦位于泰晤士河畔。
例2：There lies a temple at the foot of the mountain.山脚下有一座庙。
【用法四】v. & n. 说谎（规则动词）
例1：You are lying to him!你在对他说谎！
例2：They said she told lies to everyone.他们说她对任何人都说谎。
【相关链接】
1）lie down 躺下
例如：Go and lie down for a while.去躺一会儿。
2）lie in 在于
例如：The answer lies in two facts.答案在于两个事实。
3）lie on 依赖，压迫，取决于
例如：It lies on us to accomplish the task.完成这项任务是我们的责任。
4）lie up 卧床休息
例如：You'd better lie up for a few more days.你最好再多休息几天。
5）lie有时后面跟形容词，表示所处状态。
例如：The book lay open on the table.那本书打开着，放在桌子上。
【相关链接2】
1）lay v. （laid，laid）放、搁；产卵、下蛋
例1：He laid the book on the table and left.他把书放在桌上就走了。
例2：The hens lay ten eggs every day.这些母鸡每天下十个蛋。
2）liar n. 撒谎者
例如：A liar is not believed when he tells the truth.说惯假话的人说真话时也没有人会相信。
9.run
【用法一】v. 跑，奔，逃跑
例1：I ran as quickly as I could.我拼命地跑。
例2：The enemy ran away. 敌人逃走了。
例3：We ran to his aid. 我们跑去帮他。
【用法二】v. 竞赛，竞选
例1：run for Congress 参加国会议员竞选
例2：run for mayor 竞选市长
【用法三】v. （机器）运转
例如：The engine runs perfectly well.这台发动机运转十分良好。
【用法四】v. 流淌，滴
例1：The river runs thick.水流浑浊。
例2：The child's nose is running.孩子在流鼻涕。
【用法五】v. 变得
例如：The little pond has run dry.那个小池塘已经干涸。
【用法六】v. （车辆）行驶
例1：The buses run until twelve.公共汽车12点收班。
例2：Are there any trains running to Sichuan from here从这里到四川有火车吗？
【用法七】v. （道路）延伸，延续
例如：The street runs from south to north.这条街是南北向的。
【用法八】v. 经营，管理
例如：They run most of the stores here.他们管理着这里的大部分商店。
【用法九】v. （颜色）褪色
例如：When I washed the blouse, the color ran. 我洗这件衬衫，褪了色。
【相关链接1】
1）run after 追逐，追求
例如：If you run after two hares, you will catch neither.不能脚踏两只船。
2）run away from 从……跑掉；逃避
例如：He ran away from school. 他逃学了。
3）run out （某物）被用完
例如：We decided it would be best to go home before our money ran out.我们认为最好在把钱用完之前回家。
4）run out of 用完（某物）
例如：We ran out of coal, and had to burn wood.我们用完了煤，只好烧木柴。
5）run into 无意间碰到，和……相撞
例如：I ran into him now and then.我不时碰见他。
【相关链接2】
runner 赛跑的人 runway跑道
10.some
【用法一】adj. 一些，若干，几个（可以修饰可数名词和不可数名词）
例1：Please bring some coffee without sugar.请来点儿不加糖的咖啡。
例2：Ask some boys to help you.叫几个男孩帮帮你。
【用法二】adj. （修饰单数名词）某个（人或物）= a certain
例1：There must be some mistake.准是出了什么差错。
例2：I suggested to Red that we should go to some hotel.我向瑞得建议我们该去找个旅店。
【用法三】pron. 一些
例如：Some of the trees can be cut each year for firewood.一些树每年可以被砍作柴火。
【用法四】adv. 大约，与about同义
例如：It happened some thirty years ago.这件事大约发生在三十年前。
【相关链接1】
some more 再来一点，更多
【相关链接2】
somebody/someone 某人，有人
something 某事，某物
sometimes 有时
somewhere 在某处
11.surprising
【用法】adj. 令人惊奇的
例1：What you have just told me is very surprising.你刚才告诉我的事真让人吃惊。
例2：Is there anything surprising about it? I don't think so.
有关这事有什么让人吃惊的？我认为没有。
【相关链接】
surprising和surprised的区别：surprising和surprised都是由surprise派生来的形容词，但surprised是“吃惊的”，“感到惊奇的”。
例如：He didn't notice the surprised look on her face.他没有注意到她脸上吃惊的表情。
12.shock
【用法一】v. 使震惊
例如：He was shocked at her smoking. = Her smoking shocked him.她抽烟使他震惊。
【用法二】v. 使触电
例如：He got shocked when he touched the wire.他一摸电线就触电了。
【用法三】n. [C]震动，冲击
例1：Three shocks of the earthquakes were felt last night.
昨晚感觉到三次地震。
例2：The news was a great shock to Marie.那个消息给了玛丽很大的震撼。
【相关链接】
shocking adj. 令人震惊的
13.majority
【用法】n. 大多数（常和the连用）
例如：The majority of people in the town want to encourage new industry in the areA.城里的大多数人想在该地区鼓励新工业的发展。
注意：majority 作主语时，谓语动词可以是单数，也可以是复数，其反义词是minority。
14.share
【用法一】v. 合用，分享
例1：We share a small room between us.我们俩共用一个小房间。
例2：She never shared any of her husband's worries.她从不分担丈夫的任何忧愁。
【用法二】v. 分配，均分
例3：Mother is sharing the cakes to make sure that every boy gets some.母亲正在分蛋糕，确保每个男孩都吃到一些。
【用法二】n. 分得的一份，应承受的一份
例1：You have had more than your share of this apple-pie.
你吃的苹果派比你应得的分量多。
例2：You must take your share of the blame.你必须接受批评。
【相关链接】
take one's share 尽自己的一份责任
15.ship
【用法一】n. 大船
例如：They are making a ship.他们在造一艘大船。
【用法二】n. 全船的人
例如：The whole ship was given liberty.全船的人都自由了。
【用法三】v. 用轮船运送
例如：I'm flying to America but my car is being shipped.我正乘飞机去美国，而我的汽车用船运到美国。
【相关链接1】
by ship 坐船
例如：They went by ship to New York.他们乘船去了纽约。
【相关链接2】
warship 战船 spaceship宇宙飞船
steamship轮船 shipbuilding造船业
shipyard造船厂
16.lie down
lie down躺下
例如：Having done all the housework, she lay down in bed.
做完所有的家务后，她躺在床上休息了。
注意：课文中的On November 12 the storm lay down.（十一月十二日风暴停下来了。）这个句子中的lay down是引申意义。
17.make a decision
make a decision 做出决定
例1：Finally he made a decision that he would give up the plan.
他终于做出决定要放弃计划。
例2：Children should be encouraged to make their own decisions.应当鼓励孩子自己去做出决定。
18.go down
go down（太阳）落山
例如：When the sun is going down, the whole farm looks more beautiful.当太阳落山时，整个农场看起来更美了。
【相关链接】
1）go down（价格）跌落
例如：The price of beef has gone down finally.牛肉的价格终于下降了。
2）go down（指海洋、风暴）平衡；平息
例如：The rough sea finally went down.波涛汹涌的海面总算平静下来了。
3）go down 受欢迎
例如：The film HERO went down well.《英雄》这部影片很受观众欢迎。
19.refer to
refer to所指；谈及；提及
例1：I was not referring to her when I said so.当我那么说时，我并不是指她。
例2：The boy you referred to is my seatmate.你刚才谈到的那个男生是我的同桌。
【相关链接】
1）refer to 参考；咨询
例如：While he was writing the essay, he referred to some other books.在写那篇论文时，他参考了其他一些书籍。
2）refer … to 把……归于
例如：He referred his success to his trainer.他认为自己的成功应归功于自己的教练。
3）refer … to 将……提交
例如：The dispute was referred to the United Nations.该项争议已提交联合国处理。
20.make up
make up 创造，编造；和解；弥补；化装；构成
例1：The teacher asked the children to make up a poem about Christmas.老师让孩子们创作一首关于圣诞节的诗歌。
例2：Mary and Joan quarreled, but made up after a while.
玛丽和琼吵架，但过了一会儿就和好了。
例3：John must make up the lessons he missed.约翰必须补上他落下的功课。
例4：The actors were making up when we arrived.我们到的时候，演员们正在化装。
例5：Nine players make up a team.九个运动员组成一个队。
注意：用于被动结构时，和of连用。
例如：This is made up of three different parts.这是由三个不同的部分组成的。
【相关链接】
1）be made of 由……制成（从成品中可看得出原料）
例如：The bridge is made of steel.这座桥是钢材造的。
2）be made from 由……制成（从成品中看不出原料）
例如：Steel is made from iron.钢材是由铁炼成的。
3）make up one's mind 打定主意，决定
例如：I made up my mind to go to him.我决定到他那里去。
4）make up for 弥补
例如：Hard work can often make up for a lack of intelligence.勤奋能补拙。
5）make up from 由……制作
例如：She wore a necklace made up from silver coins.
她戴了一串银币做的项链。
6）be made up of 由……组成/构成
例如：The mobile medical team was made up of ten doctors.这支流动医疗队由十位医生组成。
7）be made into 被制成……
例如：Glass were made into bottles.玻璃制成瓶子。
8）be made in 在……地方制造
例如：Is your car made in Shanghai?你的车是上海产的吗？
21.be surrounded by
be surrounded by/with 为……所包围
例如：Britain is surrounded by sea.英国四周是都是海。
【相关链接】
surround with 用……把……围住
例如：He surrounded the castle with a high wall.
他用高墙把城堡围住。
22.the same…as
the same … as 和……一样
例1：He was about the same age as Philip.他和飞利普年龄差不多一样大。
例2：She felt the same as he did.她和他的感觉一样。
【相关链接】
1）just the same 同样地，照样
例如：It won't make any difference to you. I'll pay for the lessons just the same.对你不会有所不同，我还是照付功课钱。
2）the same to you 祝你也是如此
例如：Happy New Year! 新年快乐！
Thank you. The same to you! 谢谢！也祝你愉快！
3）all the same 尽管如此，仍然
例如：He gave us a lot of trouble, but I like him all the same.尽管他给我们惹了很多麻烦，可我还是喜欢他。
4）at the same time 同时
例如：I know he is untruthful. But, at the same time, I must admit he is a good worker.我知道他不诚实，但我同时必须承认他是个好工人。
23.be famous for
be famous for 因……而著名
例如：Scotland has many lakes and mountains, and is famous for its beautiful countryside.苏格兰有许多湖泊和山脉，并以其乡村美景著称。
【相关链接】
be famous as 作为……而著名
例如：She is famous as a writer.她作为作家而闻名。
24.take possession of
take possession of 夺取，占有，占领
例如：The policeman took possession of the thief's bag.警察夺过那个小偷的袋子。
【相关链接】
1）have possession of 占有，拥有
例如：He has had possession of the adjoining land for ten years.他占有邻近的地已经十年了。
2）in possession of 占有，拥有，持有
例如：Who is in possession of the property?谁拥有这笔财产？
3）in one's possession = in the possession of sb.
在某人手中，由某人掌管，为某人所拥有
例如：The keys are in his possession.钥匙归他管。
25.refer to
refer to 查阅，参阅；指……而言；适用于；提到，谈到
例1：A person refers to a dictionary to find the meaning of words.一个人要查字典找字意。
例2：When I said some people were stupid I wasn't referring to you.我说有些人很傻，不是指你们。
例3：This rule refers to everyone.这条规则适用于任何人。
例4：The speaker referred to his past experiences.发言人提到了自己过去的经历。
【相关链接】
refer … to … 归功于
例如：He referred his success to the good teaching he's had.他把成功归功于其受到的良好教育。
27.in relation to
in relation to 和……联系起来；关于
例1：Prices seem high in relation to wages.和工资比起来，价格似乎较高。
例2：What did you say in relation to what happened yesterday?你对昨天发生的事有何高见？
【相关链接】
1）out of relation to 和……不相称
例如：The effort and expense needed for this project were out of relation to the results.这项工程需要的精力和财力与结果不相称。
2）with relation to 关于
例如：We must plan with relation to the future.我们必须计划将来。
28.compare … with
compare…with 把……和……进行比较
例如：I compared the translation with the original.我把译文和原文对照了一遍。
【相关链接】
compare … to … 把……比作
例如：The students compare their teachers to candles.学生们把老师比作蜡烛。
29.stand for
stand for 代表；主张，提倡；（否定结构）容许，容忍
例1：What does NB stand for?NB代表什么？
例2：We like our school and all it stands for.我们爱学校以及它所倡导的一切。
例3：The teacher wouldn't stand for such behavior.老师不会容忍这样的行为。
【相关链接】
1）stand up 起立
例如：Every student stood up when the teacher came in.老师进来时，每位学生都起立。
2）stand by 站在一旁，袖手旁观
例1：Mary could not tell Jane the secret with her little brother standing by.玛丽不能告诉珍妮那个秘密，因为她的小弟弟站在旁边。
例2：And did you just stand by and do nothing?你就袖手旁观吗？
31.take place
take place 发生
例如：Great changes have taken place in the last two years.最近两年发生了巨大的变化。
【相关链接】
1）take a/one's seat 坐下，就坐
例如：Come here and take a seat.过来，坐下。
2）take it easy 别着急，别紧张
例如：We have time lift. Take it easy.我们还有时间，别紧张。
3）take up 占用
例如：The box takes up too much room.这个盒子太占地方。
4）take out 拿出
例如：He took out a photo and looked carefully.他拿出张照片细看起来。
5）take away 拿走
例如：I'm not using the dictionary now; you may take it away.我现在不用字典，你可以拿走。
6）take off 脱下；（飞机）起飞
例1：You'd better take off your coat.你最好脱掉外套。
例2：The flight takes off at 9 o'clock.这班飞机九点钟起飞。
32.mark … with
mark … with 用……标记……
例如：Each stone was marked with a number.每块石头上都标上了数码。
33.turn to
turn to 查阅；求助于；变成；转向
例1：They always turn to me when they are in trouble.他们一有困难就来找我。
例2：I have turned to all the well-known reference books for help.我已经查阅了所有著名的参考书。
例3：The snow soon turned to rain.雪很快变成了雨。
例4：He turned to the study and practice of medicine.他转向医学研究和实践。
【相关链接】
1）turn out/off 关掉（电灯、煤气等）
例如：He turned out the light and followed his wife upstairs他关掉灯跟着妻子上楼去了。
2）turn over 翻过来
例如：Turn over, or your back will get sunburnt.翻过来，否则会晒伤你的背。
3）turn on 打开（开关等）
例如：He turned on his bath water.他打开洗澡水。
4）turn down 把（声音）放低，关小
例如：He turned down the oil lamp.他把油灯弄暗。
5）turn into 变成
例如：It turned into a fine day.天变晴了。
34.plenty of
plenty of 大量，很多
例1：There was plenty of work for girls of her age.有很多她这个年龄的女孩能做的工作。
例2：There are plenty of men out of work.有大量的男人失业。
注意：plenty of 多用于肯定句。
【相关链接】
in plenty 充足地，富裕地
例1：There was food in plenty.有很多食物。
例2：Some people live in plenty, while others haven't enough to eat.有些人的生活富裕，而其他人还不能达到温饱。
35.prepare for
prepare for 为……做准备（= get ready for ）
例如：Will you help me prepare for the party?你能帮我准备晚会吗？
语法精讲：
Agreement (主谓一致)
【概念】
谓语受主语支配，须和主语在人称数上保持一致，这就是主谓一致。处理主谓一致问题可依据三项原则：语法上一致，意义上一致和就近一致。
【用法】
A、谓语动词用单数的情况：
1．以单数名词、代词、动词不定式、动名词或从句作主语时
eg. Whether he comes or not is of
no matter.
2．主语是单数，其后尽管有 as well as, with, along with,
together with, like ( 介), including, but, except 等起连接作用的词语带其它名词时，谓语动词仍用单数（与主语一致）。
eg. The teacher as well as the
students likes this film. （All
the family, except a new- born baby, were killed）
3．某些不定代词如 either, neither, each等作主语时。
eg. Each of the girls has an
orange.
但在口语中，ether或neither
+of+复数名词时，也可用复数。
4. the number of +复数名词，谓语动词用单数，中心词是number。
5．表时间距离、价格、度量衡等的复数名词或短语作为一个整体看时，用单数（一段时间，一笔钱数，一段距离，一个）
eg. Twenty miles is a long way to
walk.
Four hundred dollars is more than
she can afford .
6．在四则算式中，谓语动词常用单数（但有时也可用复数）
eg. Five plus five is ten.
Ten times four makes forty.
7．由and连接的并列单数主语的边，如果分别有each, every, no, many a 时，谓语动词用单数。
eg. Every boy and (every) girl in
the class is clever.
Each minute and (each) second is
valuable to us Mary a student is coming.
8. 由 and连接两个作主语的单数名词指同一人，同一物，同一概念时，其谓语动词用单数形式，这时and后面的名词没有冠词。
eg. -- In this hotel (the) bread
and butter ( the bread with butter on it) is served for breakfast.
--The girl's teacher and friend is
a young doctor.
9．书名、剧名、报纸名、国名等复数名词作主语时，谓语用单数。
eg. "The Arabran Nights"
is a very interesting story book .
The United States is a developed
country.
10． 表数量one
and a half + 复数名词作主语时，谓语用单数。
eg. One and a half oranges is left
on the table.
B．谓语动词用复数情况：
1．用and或both……
and连接并列主语时
eg. --Fire and water do not agree. 水火不相容。
--Both he and I are going to
America.
2．一些只有复数形式的名词作主语时
如： Clothes, trousers, glasses, shoes,等。
eg. My trousers are being washed.
但，如果成双的东西前有a pair of 来修饰时，谓语动词用单数。
3．表总称意义的名词 police, people, cattle 作主语。
4．以定冠词the + adj. (或分词形式的adj) 作主语时表"一类人"。
eg. The rich are not always happy.
5．A number of +复数名词。
6．more than + 数词+复数名词作主语时。
eg. More than two hundred people
attended the concert.
但 more than one + 名词常用单数
More than one person is going to……
C． 单、复数依情况而定
1. a lot of, lots of, plenty of, a large quantity of (quantities of), the test
of, 分数，百分数+n 构成短语作主语时，就情况而定。
2．family, team, group, class, crowd 等作主语时。
eg. My family is a big family.
My family are watching TV.
3．sheep, deer, fish, means, works.
D．就近一致
1．在正式文体中用or, either....or, neither...nor,
whether...or, not only ... but also等连接并列主语时，not....not...
eg. He didn't say whether some English
novels or an English dictionary was wanted.
2．在倒装句中，谓语动词往往和后面的第一个主语一致。
eg. -- Where is your friend and your classmates ?
--There is a notebook and some
dictionaries on the desk.
单元检测
一、单项填空：
1.This __________ trip made all the people __________ .
A.tiring ; tired B. tired ; tiring
C. tiring ; tiring D. tired ; tired
2. Mr. Wang is the library while the lab is his wife.
A. in charge of … in charge of
B. in the charge of … in charge of
C. in charge of … in the charge of
D. in the charge of … in the charge of
3.My jokes set the whole table _______ .
A. to laugh B. laughing C. laughed D. laugh
4. He insisted that he ______ right and that he ________at once.
A. was ,be set free B. was ,was set free
C. was ,would be set free D. should be, was set free.
5.The restaurant is ________ the one near our school.
A.as four times big as B.four time bigger than
C.four times the size of D.four times as bigger as
6. These ships are all sailing ___.
A. to southwards B. south C. to south D. for south
7. --- How do you like Johnson’s family ?
--- ___.
A. They’re all warm-hearted and thoughtful (体贴的)
B. Oh, it’s a very big one
C. They all like sports and games
D. His family is very similar to mine
8. At that time some scientists began to think about what use could ___ this kind of material.
A. make of B. be made of
C. be made from D. make into
9. ___ time and labor , cartoonists generally draw the hands of their characters with only 3 fingers and a thumb .
A. To save B. Having saved C. Saving D. Saved
10. --- Hi, Tracy, you look tired.
--- I am tired. I ___ the living room all day.
A. painted B. had painted
C. have been painting D. was painting
11. ----What’s wrong with the man?
----___________ from school for nothing has made him mad.
A. His son is absent B. His son being absent
C. His son’s being absent D. His son’s being absence
12. The boy was caught _______ in the examination room and he was later punished for doing so.
A. cheat B. cheated C. cheating D. to cheat
13. ___________ is well-known to all, too much stress (压力) can cause disease.
A. Which B. It C. That D. As
14.Don't mention that at the beginning of the story, or it may ____ the shocking ending.
A. give away B. give out C. give up D. give off
15. He made a mistake, but then he corrected the situation _____ it got worse.
A. until B. when
C. before D. as
二、完形填空
It is interesting how NASA(美国航空航天管理局)chose their astronauts for landing them on the moon. They chose men 16__ the age of twenty and thirty-five. There were about fifty of them. Many were __17__ air pilots. _ 18__ were scientists with two or three degrees. NASA telephoned each man they were going to choose and told him the plans and the 19 they might get in. They then asked him if he was willing to be trained as an astronaut. “How could any man 20 such an exciting job?” one of them said. “Dangerous? Of course, it’s dangerous, 21 most exciting!”
The health and physical condition of 22 was, of course, very necessary. 23 those in very good health and physical condition were chosen.
While being trained to be astronauts, they went through many 24 . They studied the stars and the moon, and they also studied geology, the science of rocks. This was necessary 25 astronauts would have to look for rocks on the moon.. They would try to find rocks which might help to tell the 26 of the moon. They were all 27 to fly in helicopters. These helicopters landed 28 down to give them some experience of the way the spaceship would 29 land on the moon. They were also taught all the 30 facts about the conditions in space. They learnt all the technical details of the spaceships and rockets. They visited the scientists and engineers who 31 them. They visited the factories where they were 32 . They learnt how every 33 of a spaceship and its instruments work. They also learnt every detail of ground-control 34 .
In a word, to be chosen as an astronaut, one must be in good health, 35 in science and good at piloting.
16. A.at B.between C.of D.on
17. A.experienced B.old C.trained D.young
18. A.None B.Few C.Others D.They
19. A.dangers B.sadness C.hardship D.troubles
20. A.accept B.receive C.offer D.refuse
21. A.but B.if C.though D.however
22. A.scientists B.men C.pilots D.young people
23. A.As B.Only C.If D.Or
24. A.jobs B.places C.courses D.ways
25. A.for B.because C.since D.so that
26. A.story B.background C.age D.name
27. A.shown B.trained C.told D.let
28. A.straight B.just C.indirectly D.directly
29. A.possibly B.likely C.actually D.really
30.A.not known B.well-known C.unknown D.known
31. A.drew B.produced C.designed D.made
32. A.repaired B.built C.developed D.fixed
33. A.part B.movement C.machine D.body
34. A.house B.stop C.system D.station
35. A.well-done B.well-fed
C.well-kept D.well-informe
三、阅读理解
A
“Body clocks” are biological (生物学的) methods of controlling body activities. Every living thing has one. In humans, a body clock controls normal periods of sleeping and waking. It controls the times when you are most likely to feel pain. Eating, sleeping and exercising at about the same time each day will help keep body activities normal. But changes in your life---a new job, for example---destroy the balance and thus cause health problems. You could have difficult sleeping, for example. Scientists suggest that early afternoon is the best time of day for physical exercise. They say we are stronger and faster then. Later, about four o’clock, most people feel tired because of the drop of sugar level in the blood. Early afternoon also is a good time to do tasks involving (和…有关) memory and mathematics. If you must study, however, do it just before going to sleep at night. Scientists say you are more likely to remember information when there is a short delay between study and bed. Body clocks control all the activities from day to day. They also produce changes about every ninety minutes during the day. At the end of such a time period, our ability to think hard begins to weaken. That is the time we are most likely to daydream. Within fifteen minutes, we are ready to go back to what we were doing.
1. According to the passage, ___.
A. one can help maintain balance in the “body clock”
B. scientists have worked out “body clock” methods to control body activities
C. body activities are under the control of an unseen force
D. the human body is always in balance
2. Irregular signs shown by “body clocks” may serve as a warning of ___.
A. the breakup of the body clock B. possible illnesses
C. difficulty in sleeping D. growing old
3. We tend to do physical exercise early in the afternoon because ___.
A. we feel tired of doing anything else
B. the level of sugar in the blood drops
C. we cannot study then
D. our body is the most active then
4. The author suggests that the best time to study is ___.
A. at night B. late afternoon
C. at about 4 o’clock D. in the morning
5. According to the passage daydream may appear to anyone ___.
A. in the morning
B. every hour in the daytime
C. both in the morning and afternoon
D. in the afternoon
B
Is there a place for a modeling agency(介绍所) that specializes in models who look ordinary, or even ugly? Jill Searle knows there is because she has been running the UGLY model agency in London since 1969.
Her idea was to provide models who looked like “real” people. In the world of fashion modeling, ordinary people look out of place. They’re not slim and beautiful with perfect skin and teeth; they’re too short, too tall, too far, too thin, or, they just look a bit… dull. But according to Jill Searle, there is plenty of other modeling work outside the fashion world. She has some very unusual-looking people on her books, but it is the ordinary-looking people who are in demand by advertisers.
The strange thing is that ugly women are so much in demand, whereas ugly men seem to be more acceptable. “When we began we signed up all sorts of strange-looking females, but we found they couldn’t get any work in advertising. If a TV commercial needs a woman with broken teeth, they prefer to make her look ugly with make-up— society does not seem to like the real thing and advertising agencies appear to feel that ugly women are just too risky.”
The whole world is affected by Hollywood’s ideas of physical beauty, but even in the land of Californian sun-bleached blondes(金发女郎) and well-oiled, muscle-bound Rembos there is an agency offering models that look like real people.
“All we want to do is offer a range of(系列的) physical types— there is work for most of them.”
6. According to Jill Searle, ______.
A.ugly models are real
B.all models should be ordinary-looking
C.models of various types are needed
D.it’s too risky to use unusual-looking models
7. Model agencies like UGLY can be found ______.
A.everywhere in the world
B.only in Great Britain
C.in the States as well as in England
D.in fashion modeling world
8. Advertising agencies prefer ______.
A.hiring ugly women if necessary
B.strange-looking people
C.using make-up to change models’ look
D.hiring ugly men if necessary
9. What is the proper title for this article?
A.advertisements B.Models in England
C.Fashion World D.Models Looking Real
C
The greatest recent changes have been in the lives of women. During the twentieth century there was an unusual shortening of the time of a woman's life spent in caring for children. A woman marrying at the end of the 19th century would probably have been in her middle twenties, and would be likely to have seven or eight children, of whom four or five lived till they were five years old. By the time the youngest was fifteen, the mother would have been in her early fifties and would expect to live a further twenty years, during which custom, chance and health made it unusual for her to get paid work. Today women marry younger and have fewer children. Usually a woman's youngest child will be fifteen when she is forty-five and is likely to take paid work until retirement at sixty. Even while she has the care of children, her work is lightened by household appliances(家用电器）and convenience foods.
This important change in women's way of life has only recently begun to have its full effect on women's economic position. Even a few yars ago most girls left school at the first opportunity, and most of them took a full-time job. However, when they married, they usually left work at once and never returned to it. Today the school-leaving age is sixteen, many girls stay at school after that age, and though women tend to marry younger, more married women stay at work at least until shortly before their first child is born. Very many more afterwards return to full or part-time work. Such changes have led to a new relationship in marriage, with both husband and wife accepting a greater share of the duties and satisfaction of family life, and with both husband and wife sharing more equally in providing the money, and running the home, according to the abilities and interest of each of them.
10. According to the passage, around the year 1900 most women married ______.
A.at about twenty-five
B.in their early fifties
C.as soon as possible after they were fifteen
D.at any age from fifteen to forty-five
11. We are told that in an average family about 1900 ______.
A.many children died before they were five
B.the youngest child would be fifteen
C.seven or eight children lived to be more than five
D.four or five children died when they were five
12. When she was over fifty, the late 19th century mother ______.
A.would expect to work until she died
B.was usually expected to die fairly soon
C.would be healthy enough to take up paid employment
D.was unlikely to find a job even if she wanted one
13. Many girls, the passage says, are now likely to ______.
A.marry so that they can get a job
B.leave school as soon as they can
C.give up their jobs for good after they are married
D.continue working until they are going to have a baby
14. According to the passage, it is now quite usual for women to ______.
A.stay at home after leaving school
B.marry men younger than themselves
C.start working again later in life
D.marry while still at school
D
If you dream of going someplace warm to escape the cold winter weather, a trip to a recently discovered planet would certainly warm you right up. The planet, named OGLE-TR-56b, has temperatures of more than 3, 000°F. "This is the hottest planet we know about," says Dr. Dimitar Sasselov, a scientist who led the discovery team. "It is hot enough to have an iron fog and to rain hot iron droplets（细沫）."
The new planet is 30 times farther away than any planet discovered by scientists before. It is in the Milky Way（银河）but it is not in our solar（太阳的）system. The new planet moves around a star much like our sun, however. Scientists discovered the planet by using a new planet-searching method, called "transit technique." They were able to catch sight of the planet when it moved in front of its star, causing the star's light to dim（变暗）. Scientists compare the method to discovering the shadow of a bee flying in front of a searchlight 200 miles away. "We believe the door has been opened wide to go and discover planets like Earth," says Sasselov.
15. We can infer from the passage that _____.
A. there is iron on the new planet
B. we could go to the new planet in winter
C. the star could block our view of the new planet
D. scientists are studying the weather on the new planet
16. The “transit technique” can _____.
A. help him the light of a star
B. help scientists with a searchlight
C. help discover a bee on a planet
D. help find a planet moving before its star
17. Which is the best title for the passage?
A. New Planet-searching Technique.
B. New Distant Discovery.
C. Space Searching.
D. Dream Planet.
E
Tristan da Cunha, a 38-square-mile island is the farthest inhabited island in the world , according to the Guinness Book of Records . It is 1,510 miles southwest of its nearest neighbor, St．Helena, and 1,950 miles west of Africa . Discovered by the Portuguese admiral (葡萄牙海军上将) of the same name in 1506 , and settled in 1810 , the island belongs to Great Britain and has a population of a few hundred .
Coming in a close second – and often wrongly mentioned as the most distant land – is Easter Island , which lies 1,260 miles east of its nearest neighbor , Pitcairn Island , and 2,300 miles west of South America .
The mountainous 64-squarc-mile island was settled around the 5th century, supposedly by people who were lost at sea. They had no connection with the outside world for more than a thousand years , giving them plenty of time to build more than 1,000 huge stone figures , called moai , for which the island is most famous .
On Easter Sunday , 1722 , however , settlers from Holland moved in and gave the island its name . Today , 2,000 people live on the Chilean territory (智利领土) . They share one street, a small airport, and a few hours of television per day .
18. It can be learned from the text that the island of Tristan da Cunha ________.
A. was named after its discoverer
B. got its name from Holland settlers
C. was named by the British government
D. got its name from the Guinness Book of Record
19. Which of the following is most famous for moai?
A. Tristan da Cunha. B. Pitcairn Island.
C. Easter Island. D. St．Helena.
20. Which country does Easter Island belong to?
A. Britain B. Holland C. Portugal D. Chile.
四、短文改错
Japan is a beautiful country, covering with many 1.
tiny rivers and high mountains. Japan is also a pleased
2.
country. It is known for “the land of the cherry blossom
3.
(樱花)”because of the spring of the year the cherry trees
4.
are also beautiful. Everywhere there are hundred of 5.
different kinds of wild flowers.
Where there were no nature gardens, the Japanese 6.
has made their own. Because the islands are so hilly,
7.
there is a great shortage of soil, so every little
8.
bit is used. No matter how tiny may be, every home has 9.
its own little garden. Japan is a country of a visit.
10.
五、书面表达
根据以下内容写一篇100词左右的作文，题为AUSTRALIA。
1)澳大利亚位于太平洋的西侧面，是大洋洲最大的国家，面积为760万平方公里。
2)人口稀少，只有1000多万，多数集中在东部沿海地区。
3)首都堪培拉（Canberra），风景秀丽。
4)悉尼（Sydney）是澳大利亚一大城市，有许多名胜，其中悉尼歌剧院（Opera House）闻名于世。
Unit 19-20, SBⅡ
重点词语:
1.make a decision做决定
2.over time 长期以来
3.bring in 引进
4.be harmful to对有伤害
5.be friendly to对友好
6.as well as 也;还
7.depend on依靠
8.be short of缺少;不足
9.a variety of种种
10.instead of代替
11.go against 违背
12.year after year 一年又一年
13.next to 隔壁;紧挨
14.pass on向下传
15.from generation to generation 一代又一代
16.at sunset 在太阳落山时
1
难点讲解:
1.raise
[用法一] vt.举起；抬起；扬起；升起
例1: The box is too heavy I can’t raise it箱子太重我举不起来。
例2: At that time I thought I could never raise my head again那时我相我可能再也抬不起头了。
例3: The car raised a dust as it went by 轿车经过，扬起一阵尘。
例4: The soldiers raised a white flag士兵举起的白旗.
[用法二] vt 提高；提升
例1：The price was raised to $10.价格升到了10美元。
例2：Have you raised the wages?你长工资了吗？
[用法三] vt 提出
例如：:May I raise a question before the meeting is close?散会前我可以提个问题吗？
[用法四] vt 养大；培养；饲养；种植
例1：They raised family in that village 他们养活那边村里的一家人。
例2：That’s the way he was raised 他就是这样被养大的。
例3：The farmer raises cows and corn 那个农民养母牛，种玉米。
[用法五] vt 招募，筹集
例如：The foolish prince raised an army against his father
那个愚蠢的王子招集了一支队伍与他父亲作对
[相关链接1]
raise a (one’s) glass to 为……祝酒
例如：He raised his glass to his teacher.他向老师祝酒
[相关链接2]
raise ,rise与lift的区别：raise, 作及物动词，表示由于人为的原因而“上升、提高”。Rise作不及物动词，多指由于自然现象的原因而“上升、提高”。Lift是指用休力或机械力把某物从地面举到一定的高度。
例1: The speaker raised his voice so that we could hear him
演讲者提高了声音，以便我们能够听清楚。
例2：As a result of the dam, the water level of the lake was going to rise by 63metres由于兴建了水坝，湖水的水面将升高63米。
例3：Can you lift the basket from the ground?你能把这个篮子从地上提起来吗？
2．time
[用法一] n.[U]时间，时候
例1: Time never stands still 时间不会停滞不前。
例2: The time has come for us to speak out 是我们大胆讲话的时候了。
[用法二]n.[C]一段时间，时刻
例1:You have taken a long time writing the letter 你用了很长时间写这封信。
例2：We had a good time together 我们一起度过了愉快的时光。
[用法三]n.(多用复数形式)时代
例1: He is of the best actors in modern tines 他是现代最好的演员之一。
例2：In Shakespeare’s time there were no actresses on the English stage 莎士比亚时代英国舞台上没有女演员。
[用法四]n.次；倍
例1：This is the first time that I have ever been abroad 这真是我第一次出国。
例2: Your room is three times the size of mine 你的房间是我的三倍大。
注意：作“倍，次”，必顺用于“三次（倍”以上，一、二次（倍）用once, twice表示
[用法五]（数学）乘
例如：Three times five is fifteen
三乘以五是十五.
[相关链接]
all the time 一直，总是 at the same time 同时
from time to time 间或，时常,in time 及时
on time 接时 at a time 一次，每次
at times 有时，不时 ahead of time 提前
once upon a time 从前 timetable 时刻表，功课表
take one’s time 慢慢来，不着急
at one time (过去)有个时期，一度，同时
have a good time 玩得高兴，过得愉快
3.save
[用法一]vt 救，挽救
例如：The doctors managed to save his life from SARS医生经努力成功地把他从非典中抢救过来。
[用法二]vt 节省；节约，存钱，储蓄
例1：Doing this can save a lot of time and money 这样做可以节省大量的时间和费用。
例2：He’s saving to buy a car 他正在存钱准备买车。
[用法三]vt 留下，保留，保住
例如：I’ve saved you the rooms you had 我把房子保住了。
4．advice
[用法]n [U]忠告，劝告，建议
1)a piece of advice 一条建议，劝告
例如：If you take my advice and study hard, you will pass the exam如果你听劝，用功学习，你就会考试合格。
2）give some advice on 就某事提出意见
例如：In one of his books, he gave us some advice on how to learn a foreign language well 在他的一本书中，他就如何学好外语给了我们一些忠告。
3）follow/take one’s advice 接受某人的意见
例如：He followed my advise and study hard 他接受了我的建议，努力学习。
[相关链接]
advise v 劝告，忠告，建议
例1：The teacher advised buying a new dictionary 老师建议买一本新字典。
例2：The doctor advised her to stop smoking 医生劝好戒烟
5．experience
[用法一]n.[U]经验
例1：She had no life experience at all她没有一点生活经验
例2：She was a housewife with rich experience她是个经验丰富的家庭主妇。
[用法二]n. [C]经历，经过的事
例1: He has had more than one experience of prison他不止一次进过监狱。
例2：It was a week before he could tell his experiences 一个星期之后，他才能说出经历的事。
[用法三]v.经历，感受，感到
例如：The city has experienced changes 这个城市经历了变化。
6．guide
[用法一]v.引导，引路；指导，指引
例如：He fleshed a torch to guide me他打开手电筒给我引路。
[用法二]n.向导，带路的人，导游
例如：Their guide through the mountains was a young Indian
一位年轻的印度人带领他们翻过那片山。
[用法三]n.导游手册。指南，手册
例如：Here’s a guide to the British Museum 这儿有一本英国博物馆导游物册。
7．allow
[用法一]v.允许，准许（后面接动名词结构，即allow doing）
例如：They don’t allow paring in this street, which is too narrow
他们不允许在这条街上停车，路太窄了。
[用法二]v.允许，准许（后面接不定式的复合结构，即allow sb to do）
例如： Please allow me to introduce myself to you 请允许我向你们作自我介绍。
8.sunset
[用法一]n. [C]落日景象
例如：The sky was filled with the glow of the sunset 天空布满落日的光辉。
[用法二]n.[U]日落时分
例如： We got home just before sunset 刚好在太阳下山前我们赶到家。
[相关链接]
sunlight n.阳光（指光线） Sunday n.星期日
sunrise n.日出景象 sunshine n.阳光
sunny adj. 阳光灿烂
sunless adj. 不见阳光的，没有阳光的。
9.have an effects on
have an effect on有对……效果
例如： It had an almost immediate effect on his thinking
它在他的思想上几乎产生了立竿见影的效果
1)be in effect 有效,生效
例如: The coach says that players must be in bed by mid-night, and that rule is in effect tonight
教练说从今晚起运动员必顺在半夜以前休息.
2)come/go into effect 生效
例如: The law went into effect yesterday
该法律条例昨天起生效。
3）take effect 生效,开始发生作用
例如：It was nearly an hour before the sleeping pill took effect
安眠药差不多半个小时后才开始起作用。
10.make decisions
make decisions=make a decision=decide决定
例如: I hope we can make a decision today
我希望我们今天能做出决定。
11.go against
例如：I’m not to go against my own family
我不想违背自己家人的意愿
[相关链接]
be against 反对，违反，违背；不利于
例1: I knew she was against us 我知道她反对我们。
例2：Almost everything was against him几乎一切都对他不利。
12.Spend
spend…on在…上花（时间或金钱）
例如：He spends a lot of money on books 他花许多钱买书.
[相关链接]
spend…(in)doing sth.花(时间或金钱等)做某事
例如：The government will spend money looking after the patients 政府要花钱去照料那些病人
13.lead to
lead to 引起，造成，导致；通向
例1：Too much work and too little rest often lead to ill ness
过多的工作和太少的休息经常导致生病.
例2: His carelessness led to the accident 他的粗心酿成这起事故.
例3：All roads lead to Rome 条条道路通罗马。
[相关链接]
1）lead sb. to do 导致某人做某事
例如：What led you to believe it?什么使你相信它？
2）lead a…life 过着…的生活
例如：Many farmers in the west led a simple life 西部许多农民过着简朴的生活。
14.make use of
make use of 利用
例1：You should train them to make use of reference books 你应该训练他们使用参考书。
例2：Make good use of your rime 好好利用你的时间
[相关链接]
1）use up 用完
例如：We used up all the bread at breakfast 早餐时我们把所有的面包都吃完了。
注意：use up 为“人”作主语；give out (“被用尽”)为“物”作主语。
例如：All the bread gave out at breakfast (意思同上)
2)(be) in use 在使用
例如：The telephone is in use 电话占线.
3)out of use 不要使用，废弃
例1: This railway is out of use 这条铁路报废了。
例2: The custom has gone out of use 没有这种习俗了。
4）(be)of use 有用处，起作用
例如：I don’t want it, but it may be of use to someone 我不要它了，可它也许对别人有用。
5）put to use 加以利用
例如：It is pity to throw anything away if it can be put to use 东西如果还可以用的话，丢掉就太可惜。
15.bring in
bring in 赚得，收获（庄稼）；扯进来，请来；引入，增加
例1：She’ll be bringing nothing in for a long time 很长一段时间她都不会有收获。
例2：The sale brought in over $200这笔买卖赚了200美元。
例3：It is my own act Why do you bring my mother in?
这是我个人行为，你为什么要把我母亲牵扯进来？
例4：We can bring in some humour我们可以加些幽默。
[相关链接]
bring down 使倒下
例如：Electricity lines as well as telephone poles were brought down by falling trees or branches 电线和电话杆都被吹到的树或树枝打倒了。
bring up教育：呕吐
例1: We were brought up to respect the old
我们（从小）被教育要尊敬老人。
例2：He was so ill that he brought up everything
他病得很厉害，把胃里的东西都吐了出来。
16.be of use
be of use有用
例如：A dictionary is of help to us 字典对我们有用。
17.be harmful to
be harmful to 对…有害
例如：Is this harmful to animals?这对动物有害吗？
18..depend on
depend on/upon 依靠，依赖
例1：Health depends on good food ,fresh air and e-nough sleep
健康要依靠好的食品、新鲜的空气和充足的睡眠。
例2：I knew he wasn’t to be depended upon我知道他不可靠
例3：The price depends on the quality 价格取决于质量.
19.as well as
as well as同，和，也；既……也……
例1: John can speak Chinese as well as French 约翰会说法语，也会说中文。
例2：It is important for you as well as for me 它不仅对我重要，对你也是一样。
例3：We shall travel by night as well as by day 我们白天、晚上都要赶路。
[相关链接]
1)as well也，和
例如：I’m going to London and my sister is coming as well
我要去伦敦，我妹妹也去。
2)do well 做得好，长得好
例1：He did very well at the school他在学校表现很好。
例2：Everything in the garden is doing well院子里的植物长得很好.
3)speak well of 赞扬
例如：I have heard both English and Indians speak well of him
我听见英国人的印度人赞扬他了。
20.protect from
protect from保护……使不受
例1:He raised his arm to protect his face from the blow他抬起胳膊保护着脸免受伤害。
例2：Use an umbrella to protect yourself from the rain, please
请用伞遮雨。
21.a variety of
a variety of 各种各样的、多种多样的
例如：He offered a variety of excuses 他找了各种借口。
22.work on
work on 从事；对……做工作；对……产生影响
例1：He sat up far into the night working on the docu-ments
他起草那些文件直到深夜才休息。
例2：Work on your father until he agrees 去说服你父亲同意。
例3：Some pills work on the nerves and make people feel more relaxed有些药片对神经起作用，使人感觉更轻松.
[相关链接]
1)work out 使……出来；制定；算出
例1：The coin has fallen through a hole in the pocket I’ll see if I can work it out 硬币掉进口袋的洞里了，我看看是否能弄出来。
例2：We must work out a better method of saving paper 我们必顺制定更好的方法节约纸张。
例3；Have you worked out the exact figures?你们算出具体的数据了吗？
2）work as当，做……工作
例如：It must be a hard life when she worked as a nurse during the SARS time她在非典时期的护士生活肯定很艰苦。
3）work at 致力于
例如：He is working at a new invention 他正在研究一项新的发明.
23.instead of
instead of 代替
例1：I’ll go instead of you 我代替你去。
例2：We walked down the stairs instead of taking the elevator
我们走下楼梯，没有乘电梯。
例3：It’s me that should ask you instead of you asking me
应该是我问你，而不是你问我。
[相关链接]
instead of 和instead的区别:
instead of 后面接名词、代词、动名词或介词短语；instead
例如：I don’t like this one Give me that instead
我不喜欢这个，给我那个。
24.year after year
year after year年复一年
例如：year after year I have had a card from him on New Year’s Day每个新年我都收到他的贺卡。
[相关链接]
1）all the year round 整年地，一年到头
例如：The weather is so good here that we can swim all the year round 这里天气是那么好，以致于我们整年都可以游泳。
2）year by year 年年，每年
例如：The birds like the cool wet climate there and thus their number increased year by year 那些鸟喜欢那里凉爽潮湿的气候，因而数量在逐年增加。
25.make fun of
make fun of取笑；嘲笑
例1：People made fun of her because she wore such a strange hat.大家嘲笑她，因为她戴了一顶很奇怪的帽子。
例2：It’s impolite to make fun of the disabled. 嘲笑残疾人是不礼貌的。
【相关链接】
1）make a face（make faces）做鬼脸
例如：The boy always made faces to make others laugh.这男孩总是做鬼脸让人发笑。
2）make a mistake（make mistakes）犯错误
例如：You should avoid making mistakes in writing your composition.你在写作文时要避免犯错误。
3）make a sentence造句
例如：Can you make a sentence by using the word “make”？你能用“make”这个词造句吗？
4）make a fire生火
例如：Let’s make a fire to warm up.我们生个火吧，暖和一下吧。
5）make the bed铺床（准备睡）
例如：The child learned how to make the bed with his mother’s help.这孩子在他妈妈的帮助下学会了铺床。
26. act out
act out使演出；表演
例1：You should first write a short play according to the reading material used, then help your students act is out.首先你应当按照所使用的阅读材料编一个短剧，然后帮助学生把它演出来。
例2：It’s a good idea to act out short plays in English while you learn English.在学英语时，演英语短剧是一个好主意。
【相关链接】
1）act as担当……
His brother acts as a teacher.他哥哥是一位教师。
2）be active in…积极参加……
He is active in different activities. 他积极参加各种活动。
3. look on…as
look on…as把……当作……，认为……是……
例如：We look on him as our best friend.我们认为他是我们的好朋友。
【相关链接】
“认为……是……”也可说成regard…as; consider…as; consider…to be; treat…as, see…as; think of…as。
27. at one moment
an one moment在一瞬间
例如：He didn’t know what to do at one moment.一下子他不知道要干什么。
【相关链接】
1）in a moment一会儿
例如：He’ll he here in a moment.他一会儿就来。
2）at that moment在那时刻
例如：She was busy at that moment. 那时她正忙着呢。
3）at any moment 随时
例如：The car will be here at any moment.汽车随时都会来。
4）at the moment眼下
例如：I’m afraid the book is at school at the moment.我想那本书眼下在学校里。
5）for the moment暂时
例如：Let’s leave the question for the moment.我们把这个问题暂时搁一搁吧。
语法精讲：
it的使用（1）——可以在句子中用作主语，起以下作用：
1．用来代替不定式、动名词短语或从句，在句子中作形式主语。
例1：It is foolish of you to be still worrying about it.
你真傻，还在为这件事着急。
例2：It's no use talking to him about it.
和他谈这事没有作。
例3：It is very likely that their group will get ahead f us.
很有可能他们小组会赶到我们前面。
2．用来指人、时间、日期、距离、环境或天气。
例1：—Who is knocking at the door? 谁在敲门？
—It's me. 是我。
例2：It's rather windy today. 今天风挺大。
例3：It was October. 时间是十月份。
例4：It is about a night's journey to the place by train.
到该地坐火车要一个晚上。
例5：It was very quiet at the moment. 此时很安静。
it的使用（2）——用来指要强调的内容：
强调名的结构为It + be +要强调的部分 + that (who)+句子其他部分。在这种情况中，it 没有实际意思，它只是帮助改变一个句子的结构，使某一成分受到强调。以下句为例，借助it 可以改为几个强调句。
例1:Yang Jun met your sister in the zoo yesterday
昨天杨军在动物园碰见你妹妹。
例2: It was Yang Jun who/that met your sister in the zoo yesterday 是杨军昨天在动物园碰到你妹妹的。
例3：It was your sister that/whom Yang Jun met in the zoo yesterday 杨军昨天在动物园碰到的是你妹妹。
例4：It was in the zoo that Yang Jun met your sister yesterday 杨军昨天是在动物园碰到你妹妹的。
例5: It was yesterday the Yang Jun met your sister in the zoo 杨军是昨天在动物园碰到你妹妹的。
单元检测
一、单项选择
1. It was on that day ______ I met the headmaster.
A. when B. that C. where D. why
2. Much high technology ______ from abroad since 1980.
A. was brought in B. brought in
C. has been brought in D. brought to
3. Eating too much sugar is ______ to the health.
A. harm B. harmful C. harmless D. harmed
4. Everyone should protect the environment ______ being damaged.
A. to B. of C. from D. in
5. Only Tom got a full mark.______ , he won the first place this time.
A. In a word B. In one word
C. In other words D. In other word
6. They'll carry out the new plan in the _______ week.
A. followed B. coming C. last D. going
7. This kind of music _______ the 18th century.
A. date from B. dates from
C. was dated from D. is dated from
8. The fire was put out soon after and all the workers were out of _____.
A. rooms B. work C. danger D. death
9. In the house there are four rooms , each of _______ two beds.
A. which have B. which has
C. them have D. them has
10. Writing this book ______ her more than a year.
A. spent B. cost C. costs D. took
11. _______ they visited ten places of interest in China.
A. At all B. After all C. In all D. Not at all
12. Put these books either on the shelf _____ the desk.
A. or in B. or C. and on D. nor on
13. --What's the weather going to be like tomorrow in Shanghai?
--It's _______cloudy and rainy.
A. / B. going to be C. going D. maybe
14. It was raining all the time _______ they were working on the farm.
A. when B. and C. but D. while
15. He has spent a lot of time and money _______ his living conditions.
A. to improve B. on improving
C. improve D. in improving
16.The fire is said _______ soon.
A. put down B. to put down
C. putting down D. to be put down
17. It is said that this song is ______ with young people.
A. known B. popular C. favorite D. welcome
18. My room needs _____. So I have to stop reading and go to clean it.
A. cleaning B. to clean C. clean D. being cleaned
19. Would you mind ______ the window?
A. open B. to open C. opening D. opened
20. Jim doesn't mind ______ by his father.
A. punished B. to be punished
C. punishing D. being punished
21.. After Mr Wang finished ______, Mr Li began to speak.
A. speaking B. to speak C. speak D. spoke
22. _____ new words and useful expressions _______ very useful to you.
A. learning, are B. learning, is C. learn, are D. learn, is
23. We should try our best to avoid _____ mistakes, in our composition.
A. to make B. to have C. making D. having
24. The baby watched his dad _____ his face with great interest.
A. wash B. washing C. washed D. to wash
25. I’m sorry I kept you ______. I got caught in the traffic.
A. waiting for B. waiting C. wait D. to wait
26. The cartoon-maker is a person who _____ cartoon.
A. make B. makes C. made D. making
27. John is going to visit the city of Beijing ______ he once lived.
A. where B. which C. on D. that
28. The boss didn't allow me _________.
A. come in B. to come in C. coming in D. came in
29. Can you tell me _____ it cost to visit New York.'?
A. how B. which C. how many D. how much
30. I don't know how ________.
A. I can get there B. can I get there
C. I can get to there D. can I get to there
二、完形填空
Getting plenty of exercise is very important. I enjoy swimming very much. Last summer I went to the 31 every day. I plan to go there 32 summer, too, but I may not be able to. I have a new 33 , and sometimes I have to work until 34 at night. Although I now work 35 hours than I used to, 36 I do receive a larger salary. I didn’t receive much pay on my 37 job. I like my new job, 38 had I known that it would take 39 so much of my free time, I would not have taken it. I prefer 40 to making more money.
I have heard that riding a bike is good exercise. Maybe I will be able to 41 enough money to buy a bike. My neighbor, Mrs. Wilson, has a bicycle that I could 42 , but I would rather own my own bike. If I used 43 , I would worry about 44 it. Since I make 45 money now, I think that I can afford to buy my own. Getting a bike is really a good idea, because while I’m riding 46 , I will be getting 47 at the same time.It’s easier to get to the seaside 48 a bike, too. I might be able to go swimming everyday after all. This new job is great! I’m very 49 . This will be a summer full of 50 .
31. A. playground B. shore C. seaside D. sea
32. A. last B. next C. this D. that
33. A. office B. job C. love D. interest
34. A. far B. deep C. late D. lately
35. A. more B. no more C. less D. fewer
36. A. yet B. but C. however D. besides
37. A. favorite B. new C. past D. old
38. A. if B. and C. or D. but
39. A. up B. down C. away D. back
40. A. riding B. swimming C. playing D. working
41. A. keep B. save C. take D. cost
42. A. ride B. lend C. borrow D. renew
43. A. others B. his C. her D. hers
44. A. destroying B. dirtying C. harming D. missing
45. A. spare B. more C. less D. no
46. A. back and forth B. up and down
C. from and to D. to and fro
47. A. enjoyment B. rest C. exercise D. money
48. A. by B. with C. in D. on
49. A. moved B. excited C. interested D. disappointed
50. A. exercise B. pleasure C. interest D. imagination
三、阅读理解
A
American doctors say that mothers who smoke cigarettes before their babies are born may slow the growth of their babies’ lungs. They say reduced lung growth could cause the babies to suffer breathing problems and lung disease later in life. Doctors in Boston, Massachusetts studied 1,100 children. The mothers of some of the children smoked, the other mothers did not. Doctors found that the lungs of the children whose mothers did not smoke, and that the children whose mother smoked developed 20% more cold and breathing diseases than other children later in life.
Another recent study found that children had a greater chance of developing lung cancer if their mothers smoked.
The study also showed that the danger of lung cancer increased only for sons and not for daughters, and that the father’s smoking did not affect a child’s chance of developing lung cancer.
51. Mother who smokes before her child is born may .
A. slow the growth of her baby’s lung
B. cause her baby to suffer breathing problems and lung disease later in life
C. make her child develop lung cancer D. all of the above are right
52. Doctors in Boston studied 1,100 children to .
A. examine whether these children were healthy
B. find out whether their mothers had smoked
C. find why these children suffered breathing problems and lung disease
D. look into the effect that mother’s smoking had on their children
53. Suppose John’s father was a heavy smoker, so was Mary’s mother. According to passage, .
A. John is more likely to develop lung cancer
B. Mary is more likely to develop lung cancer
C. John and Mary have the same chance to develop cancer
D. neither John nor Mary has the chance to develop cancer
54. This passage is to .
A. warn us of the danger of smoking before children
B. warn people with breathing problems not to smoke
C. warn us that mothers who smoke may affect their children’s health
D. warn us that fathers who smoke may affect their children as mothers
B
Students who say they never or hardly ever used dictionaries often speak English well but usually write poorly, because they make many mistakes.
The students who use dictionaries most do not learn especially well either. The ones who look up every new word do not read fast. Therefore they do not have time to read much. Those who use small two-language dictionaries have the worst problems. Their dictionaries often give only one or two words as translations of English. But one English word often has many translations in a foreign language and one foreign word has many translations in English.
The most successful students are those who use large college edition dictionaries with about 100,000 words but do not use them too often. When they are reading, these students first try to get the general idea and understand new words from the context. Then they reread and use the dictionary to look up only key words that they still do not understand. They use dictionaries more for writing. If they are not sure how to spell a word, or divide it into syllables (音节), they always use a dictionary. Also, if they think a noun might have an unusual plural form, they check these in a dictionary.
55. The writer tends to think that .
A. choose a good dictionary, and you’ll be successful in learning English
B. dictionaries are not necessary to the students who learn English
C. it is very important for students to use good dictionaries properly
D. using dictionaries very often can’t help to improve writing
56. According to the passage, which of the following is wrong?
A. Dictionaries have little effect on learning to speak English.
B. Whatever new words you meet while reading, never use dictionaries.
C. Small two-language dictionaries have serious defects (缺陷).
D. Reading something for the first time, you’d better not use dictionaries.
57 This passage mainly tells us .
A. that students shouldn’t use small two-language dictionaries
B. what were the defects of small two-language dictionaries
C. why students should use large college edition dictionaries
D. what dictionary students should choose and how to use it
58. Which is not mentioned in this passage?
A. How to make good use of a dictionary.
B. When to use a dictionary.
C. How to improve spoken English.
D. How to practise reading fast.
Unit 21-22, SBⅡ
重点词语:
1.get through 通过，接通
2.tear down 拆毁
3.ask for 向……要
4.help sb. with sth. 帮助某人做……
5.thanks for 感谢……
6.feel down闷闷不乐
7.express one’s thoughts and opinions 表达某人的思想和意见
8. communicate with与……交际
9.learn about 打听……
10.spoken language 口语
11. make a circle 成一圈
12.from culture to culture 从一种文化到另一种文化
13. index finger 食指
14.shake one’s head 摇头
15.be used to do 被用来做……
16.go straight down
the road
17.be based on
18.an amusement parks
19.make great achievements
20.fly a helicopter
21.a conservation center
22.be divided into
23.be like stepping into the world of
24.go on exciting rides
25.in danger
26.It seems that
27.feel like doing
28.in outer space
29.scream one’s way
30.a limit to sth
31.send up
32.for the first time
33.make up
34.focus on
35.thrills and entertainment
难点讲解:
1. express
【用法】vt. 表达
例1: They can express their satisfaction with the product. 他们可能会对该产品表示满意。
例2: Try to express your idea clearly. 尽量把你的思想表达清楚。
【相关链接】
1) express oneself 表达自己的意思（思想或感情）
例如：He expressed himself in good English. 他用流利的英语表达自己的思想。
2) an express train快车
2. communicate
【用法一】v.交往；交际
例如:They agreed later to communicate with each other by letter.
随后他们同意通过书信交往。
【用法二】vt. 传送（感情；消息等）
例如：He communicated the news to all the members. 他将消息通知了全体成员。
3. vary
【用法一】v. 改变；变更
例1: We must vary our methods of work. 我们必须改变我们的工作方法。
例2: It is necessary for us to vary our plan sometimes. 有时候变更我们的计划是必要的。
【用法二】v. 变化；不同
例: Opinions vary on that point. 就那个观点，意见有分歧。
【相关链接】
differ from 与……不同
例如：Chinese differs greatly from English in pronunciation. 汉语发音跟英语大不相同。
4. mean
【用法一】v. 意思是
例1: What does this word mean? 这个词是什么意思？
例2: Can you tell me what he means? 你告诉我他是什么意思吗？
【用法二】v. 意味着
例1: What he said meant that he would give up the plan. 他的话意味着他将放弃这个计划。
例2: I always mean what I said. 我说话总是算数的。
例3: Missing the bus means waiting for another ten minutes. 错过车意味着再等十分钟。
【相关链接】
1) meaning n. 意义；意图
例如：I’m afraid that I don’t understand your meaning. 恐怕我不明白你的意思。
2) meaningful adj. 有意义的
例如：This story is meaningful. 这个故事有意义。
3) meanwhile adv. 同时
例:Tom was cutting grass meanwhile Peter was planting roses.
汤姆在除草，与此同时彼得在栽玫瑰花。
4) mean to do / mean doing
mean to do表示打算做某事（相当于plan / intend to do sth.）, mean doing表示意味着做某事……。
例1: I didn’t mean to hurt him. 我并不打算伤害他。
例2：Scolding him means insulting him. 骂他就是侮辱他。
5. apologize
【用法】v. 道歉
例1：I apologized for my fault. 我为自己的过失而道歉。
【相关链接】
make an apology to sb. 向某人道歉
例如：I made an apology to him, for I broke his glass. 我向他表示道歉，因为我打碎了他的杯子。
6. crazy
【用法一】adj. 疯狂的；蠢的
例如：You are crazy to do such a thing. 你干这样的事真蠢。
【用法二】adj. 狂热的；着迷的
例如：The boy is crazy about skating. 那孩子溜冰着了迷。
7. chase
【用法一】v. 追赶
例如：Dogs like to chase rabbits. 狗喜欢追赶兔子
【用法二】v. 急跑
例如：The children all chased after the procession. 孩子们都跑去跟在游行队伍的后面。
8. shake
【用法一】v. 摇动
例1：Who’s the comrade you just shook hands with?
你刚才同他握手的那个同志是谁？
例2： Shaking one’s head means disagreement. 摇头意味着不同意。
【用法二】 v. 发抖
例1：She was shaking with fear when she saw a snake. 她看见蛇吓得发抖。
例2：The old man’s hands shook constantly. 老人的手一直颤抖不停。
9. touch
【用法一】v. 接触；触
例1：Don’t touch the glass. 别碰玻璃杯。
例2：Can you touch the top of the door? 你能碰到门顶吗？
【用法二】v. 使感动
例1：The sad story touched me. 那个悲惨的故事感动了我。
例2：I was touched by her kindness. 我被他的善良所感动。
【用法三】n. 触摸
例1：I gave the doll a touch. 我摸了一下那个洋娃娃。
例2：The model broke at a touch. 模型一碰就碎了。
【相关链接】
1) get in touch with 和……聚得联系
2) keep in touch with 和……保持联系
3) lose touch with 与……失去联系
4) out of touch 够不着
5) sense of touch 触觉
10. rub
【用法】v. 摩擦；擦
例1：He rubbed the glass with a cloth. 他用布擦玻璃杯。
例2：He rubbed his hands with the soap. 他在双手上擦肥皂。
11. get through
get through通过；拨通（电话）
例1：I can’t get through. 我打不通电话。
例2： He got through his English exam. 他通过了英语考试。
【相关链接】
1) get along with 与……相处
例如：I can’t get along with him. 我不能同他相处。
2) get-together n. 联欢会；聚会
例：We won’t have our big family get-together until Christmas. 到圣诞节我们才举行盛大的家庭聚会。
3) get together 联欢；聚会
例如：We must get together some other time for a chat. 我们得另找时间聚一聚。
12. tear down
tear down拆毁；扯下
例：The angry crowd tore down the flag and burnt it. 愤怒的群众把旗帜扯下来烧了。
【相关链接】
1) tear off 赶紧脱掉
例如：He tore off his coat as he ran. 他一边跑一边急急地脱掉外套。
2) tear up 撕毁
例如：He tore up the letter angrily. 他愤努地把信撕掉。
13. ask for 向……要……
例1：The beggar asked me for money. 乞丐向我要钱。
例2： We didn’t know what to do, so we went to ask for help. 我们不知道做什么，所以去找人求助。
【相关链接】
ask about 打听……
例如：The students are asking about the examination. 学生们正在打听考试的情况。
14.opportunity n.
Take/seize an opportunity to do sth./ of doing sth.
例如: you should seize the opportunity of going to college.
你应该抓住这次上大学的机会.
Chance, opportunity
Chance 多指偶然的机会,有侥幸意味.而opportunity多指特殊,期待的机会.
Chance.还可表示可能性.
I took a good opportunity to give my opinion on it.我抓住一次好机会,提出对此事的看法.
15. risk v. 冒…险,risk doing sth.冒…的危险
They would not allow him to risk going across the enemy line.
他们不会允许他冒险穿越敌人的阵线.
Run/take the risk of sth. /doing sth.
冒…危险
He took the risk of being killed to save the little boy他冒死救了这孩子.
At all risks/at any risk不顾一切,无论如何
I’ll see her at all risks today我今天无论如何也要见到她.
16. entertain vt.
(1) 招待，款待
entertain sb. to sth. 请某人吃
Entertain friends to dinner, please.
entertain sb. with sth. 以…招待某人
（2）使欢乐，使愉快
We were all entertained by his tricks.
（3）抱着,怀有
We should entertain a firm belief 我们应该怀有一个坚定的信念
entertainment n.
招待，款待；娱乐物；乐趣；欢乐
We will give a farewell entertainment to our friends.
This is a serious novel , not an entertainment.该影片是根据D.H 劳伦斯的小说改编的。
17.more than (数量）超过，……以上
More than one house was burnt down in the fire.
more than + 名词 意为 “不只是”
more than +形容词或副词 译为“很，非常”
more than +含有can的从句可译为“不”
例1：He was more than pleased.他非常高兴。
例2：The cold was more than the children could bear.寒冷是孩子们所不能忍受的。
18. have fun 玩乐
The children were having a lot of fun with the building blocks.孩子们玩积木玩得很开心。
for fun 为了高兴，为了好玩
make fun of 取笑
I did it just for fun我这样做只是为了好玩
语法精讲：
v-ing用作名词，在句中可充当主语，宾语，表语，定语。
1.作主语
例1：Seeing is believing.
眼见为实。
例2：It is no use crying.
哭是没有用的。
2.作宾语
例1：I like singing.
我喜欢唱歌。
例2：Have you finished doing your homework?
你做完家庭作业了吗？
特别提醒：以下动词后只接v-ing形式作宾语。finish（完成），mind（介意），avoid（避免），fancy（想象），suggest （建议），consider（考虑），keep （持续）等。
3. 作表语
例1：My job is teaching.
我的工作是教书。（teaching是说明主语的性质）
例2：Her hobby is collecting stamps.
她的爱好是集邮。
4.作定语
例1：This is my grandfather’s walking stick.
这是我爷爷的拐杖。
例2：The sleeping car is comfortable to sleep in.
卧车在里面睡起来很舒适。
特别提醒：动名词作定语是说明被修饰词的目的和用途。
单元检测
一、单选题
1.—You ought to have called her yesterday.
—Yes, I know I .
A. ought to B. ought to have
C. ought to have done. D. ought to have called
2.The shirt is quite good the color of the buttons.
A. except B. except for C. beside D. besides
3.Don’t believe what he says. His story be true.
A. mustn’t B. may not C. needn’t D. shouldn’t
4.Washington, a state in the United States, was named one of the greatest American presidents.
Which of the following is wrong?
A. after B. in honor of C. to remember D. in favor of
5.In summer, people wear dark glasses to their eyes the sun.
A. protect; from B. keep; out of C. save; for D. stop, to see
6.The girl was so frightened that she held up a candle to the room.
A. lighted; lit B. lit; light C. lighted; light D. lit; give light
7. , Beijing is a very beautiful city.
A. It is known to all that B. As is known to all
C. As it is known to all D. As we know it
8.He has a strong southern accent, which him when he had a lie.
A. put; off B. let; out C. gave; away D. turned, up
9.—I think the green coat her well.
—That’s right.
A. is fit B. suitable C. matches D. fit for
10.I don’t doubt the sports meet will be successful.
A. whether B. that C. if D.what
11.The Olympic Games, first in Greece, has a history of more than 100 years.
A. held B. were held C. was held D. should be held
12.The little girl likes .
A. fruit and vegetable B. fruits and vegetable
C. fruit and vegetables D. a fruit and vegetables
13.Since this term all the students have made .
A. much progress B. many progress
C. a lot of progresses D. some progresses
14.In my opinion, it’s the best use that could be this computer.
A. made into B. made from
C. made of D. made with
15.— either you or he to go there?
— is.
A. Are; Both B. Are; Neither C. Is; Neither D. Is; Each
16.About 70% of the students are boys, and girls.
A. the rest are B. the rest was C. rest is D. the rest is
17.We call him when he turned up at the door.
A. were going to B. would C. were to D. were about to
18.At present, the prices of goods seem to .
A. go down B. bring down C. be fallen D. reduce
19.Was it on March 8 that traffic accident happened?
A. when B. what C. that D. on which
20. what it was, it has improved greatly.
A. Comparing with B. Compare to
C. Compared with D. Comparing to
21.Don’t trust that man; he will take you if he gets the chance.
A. away B. over C. up D. in
22.He have attended the meeting this morning. He has been staying at my home for a whole day.
A. can’t B. mustn’t C. shouldn’t D. needn’t
23.The exercises are difficult, , time is limited. I’m afraid I can’t finish them in time.
A. still B. however C. but D. besides
24. the importance of education, the villagers paid more attention to the schooling of the children.
A. Realized B. To realize C. Realize D. Having realized
25.You’ve got a dictionary! How much are you for it?
A. paid B. charged C. cost D. spent
二、阅读理解
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
The oldest man had just celebrated（庆祝） his hundredth birthday and the reporter of a local(本地的) paper called on him for an interview. Having congratulated(祝贺) the old man, the reporter asked a few questions.
“To what do you own your long life?”
The old man thought for a moment and then holding up his hand and counting the items(条目) on his fingers, began, “I never smoked, drank, or overate and always rise at six in the morning.”
“But,” the reporter didn’t agree, saying, “I had an uncle who acted in that way, yet he only lived to be eighty. How do you explain the cause of that?”
“He didn’t keep it up long enough,” was the calm(平静的) reply.
26.When did the reporter call on the old man?
A. shortly after his birthday B. on his birthday
C. at an interview D. not long before his birthday
27.The reporter was interested in .
A. how the old man celebrated his hundredth birthday
B. why the old man never smoke
C. how the old man manage to live so long
D. what the old man usually drank or ate for his health
28.After hearing the old man’s words, the reporter .
A. wanted to live long, too
B. was not satisfied(满意) with his reply
C. explained why his uncle live to be eighty
D. thought it was reasonable
29. In the old man’s opinion, the cause of the reporter’s uncle’s death was
.
A. He had bad habits(习惯)
B. he smoke too much
C. he did not keep his good habit long enough
D. He drank too much wine
30.When did the old man usually get up in the morning?
A. at seven B. at eight C. at six D. at half past six
B
In the past, when people had problems, they went to their families or friends to get advice. Today it is possible to get advice from radio shows, TV programs and telephone hot lines, too. A hot line is a telephone line that offers a direct way of getting in touch with advisers. Most hot lines are completely anonymous—callers do not have to say their names or telephone numbers. Most hot lines are usually free, too. Callers do not have to pay for advice or the phone calls，even if the calls are long distance(距离). At some hot lines, the advisers are volunteers(志愿者). Other hot lines pay their advisers for their work. Usually the advisers are full-job people with years of education and experience, but sometimes, the advisers have only taken a short class before starting to work on the hot line. All the advisers listen to people and help them solve their problems.
31.A hot line is a telephone line .
A. that is hot
B. through which people get advice
C. whose number no one knows
D. through which callers take a short class
32.When people call the hot line advisers, they .
A. often give their names and telephone numbers
B. generally have to pay for the long distance calls
C. usually pay nothing for most of the calls and advice
D. always try to get in touch with the volunteer advisers
33.The advisers working at hot lines .
A. are not all paid B. are all volunteers
C. all have years of education and experience
D. have all been trained for a short time
34.How do the hot line advisers work?
A. They do what the callers tell them to do
B. They listen to the callers and take their advice
C. They give the callers advice
D. They go to the callers’houses to help them
35.The writer of the article seems to think that .
A. with hot lines people won’t get advice from their families or friends
B. hot lines help the callers a lot
C. people had better pay for the advice and phone calls
D. the hot line advisers will solve all of the callers’problems
C
If you go to Brisbane, Australia, you can easily get a small book called Discover Brisbane free. The book tells you almost everything in Brisbane: the restaurants, the shops, the cinemas, the streets, the buses, the trains, the banks, etc. Here is something about banks on page 49:
ANZ Banking Group
Cnr. Greek & Queen Sts………………………………228 3228
Bank of New Zealand
410 Queen Street………………………………………221 0411
Bank of Queensland
229 Elizabeth Street…………………………………229 3122
Commonwealth Banking Group
240 Queen Street………………………………………237 3111
National Australia Bank Ltd
225 Adelaide Street……………………………………221 6422
Westpac Banking Corp
260 Queen Street…………………………………………227 2666
Banking hours are Mon.-Thu. 9:30 am to 4 pm. Fri. 9:30 am to 5 pm. All banks close Sat. Sun. & Public Holidays.
Australia has a decimal currency(十进币制) with 100 cents to the dollar.
Notes available are: $100, $50, $20, $10, $5
Gold coins are: $2 & $1
Silver coins are: 50, 20, 10&5 cent
Copper coins are: 2& 1 cent
36.You can find ANZ Banking Group on .
A. Queen Street B. Elizabeth Street
C. the corner of Greek Street and Queen Street
D. the corner of Queen Street and Elizabeth Street
37. seems to be the most important street in Brisbane.
A. Greek Street B. Elizabeth Street
C. Queen Street D. Adelaide Street
38.On Saturdays, you can go to to put your money in or take your money out.
A. ANZ Banking Group B. Bank of Queensland
C. National Australia Bank Ltd D. no bank
39.In Australia, the banks have their longest service hours on .
A. public holidays B. Sundays
C. Saturdays D. Fridays
40.When you read page 49 in this book, you can get information about.
A. banks B. restaurants
C. shops D. buses and trains
D
Did you know that General Washington once hoped that submarines, or underwater ships, would help with the American Revolution?
The first working submarine was built in 1620 by a Dutch scientist named Cornelius van Drebbel. Not much was done with the idea until the American revolution At that time, David Bushnell, a student at Yale University, designed a one-person submarine, the Turtle. In 1776, the Turtle tried to sink the British warship Eagle, which was anchored in New York Harbor. Bushnell reached the Eagle, but he was unable to launch a bomb towards the enemy ship. The “Turtle mission”failed, but Washington continued to hope that these ships would help the American cause.
41.The world “mission”in the passage means .
A. hope B. purpose C. problem D. crew
42.You can tell that David Bushnell probably was .
A. bright and talented B. an excellent soldier
C. good at sports D. a good swimmer
43.The first submarine was built by .
A. Cornelius van Drebbel B. David Bushnell
C. George Washington D. Eagle and Turtle
44.The Turtle was built for .
A. a crew of six B. two people
C. one person D. unmanned use
45.The best title is .
A. David Bushnell, student B. The Turtle
C. General Washington D. The advantage of the eagle
三、书面表达
时下，很多学生带手机上学。为此，某英语报在你校组织了一场讨论。讨论的主题：中学生是否有必要带手机去学校。下表提供的信息供参考，给报社写一封信，介绍讨论情况并发表自己的意见。
| 大多数同学认为 | 大多数老师认为： | 你的观点： |
| 可方便与家长、同学联系；是一种时尚。 | 中学生年龄尚小，还不能自控；用手机玩游戏，发短信浪费时间；容易引起攀比。如须打电话校园里有各种电话可供使用。 |
|
注意：
1．信的开头已为你写好。
2．词数：100左右。
3．参考词汇：攀比：vie with… 在校园内：on the campus
Dear editor:
I’m writing to tell you about the discussion
参考答案:
Unit 13-14, SBⅡ
1---5 BCDDA 6---10 DDAAD
11---15 ABCBA 16---20 ACBCA
21---25 CACBC 26---30 ADAAA
31---35 A C B A D 36---40 D A B A C
41---45 A D A D C 46---50 B D A B A
51---55 BDCAD 56---60 ABACD
Unit 15-16, SBⅡ
答案
1-5 DDBDB 6-10 ADACC
11-15CBDCD 16-20 DDACC 21-25 ABCBD
完型
26-30BDABD 31-35DCBCB
36-40BCDAD 41-45BBDBC
改错
1.but→so 2.proud 后加of 3.others→another 4.去掉the 5.√ 6.about后加to 7.then→when 8.gentle→gently 9.Heard→Hearing 10.surprising→surprised
Unit 17-18, SBⅡ
参考答案：
一、单项填空1-5A C B A C 6-10B A B A C 11-15C C D A C
二、完形填空
16-20 B A C A D 21-25 A B B C B
26-30C B A C D 31-35 C B A C D
三、阅读理解
A)1-5.C B D A C B)6-9 C A C D
C)10-14 A D D D C D)15-17. C D B E)18-20. A C D
四、短文改错
1.covering → covered 6.nature → natural
2.pleased → pleasant 7.has → have
3.for → as 8.去掉so
4.of → in 9.tiny → tiny 前加it
5.hundred → hundreds 10.√
五、书面表达 Australia
Australia, which lies on the west of the Pacific, is the largest country in Oceanic. It covers an area of 7.6 million square kilometers. It has a small population of over ten million. Most of its population live in the east of the country by the sea. Canberra the capital of Australia, is a beautiful city. Sydney is one of the biggest cities in Australia. It has many places of interest. The Opera House is well known throughout the world
Unit 19-20, SBⅡ
一、单项选择
1-5 BCBCC 6-10 BBCBB 11-15 CABDD
16-20 DBACD 21-25 ABCBB 26-30 BABDA
二、完形填空
36-40 CCBCA 41-45 ADDAB 46-50 BCDAB 51-55 DCDBA
三、阅读理解
51-54ADD C 55-58 CBDC
Unit 21-22, SBⅡ
一、单项选择：
1-5 BBBDA 6-10CBCCB 11-15ACACB 16-20ADACC 21-25DADDB
二、阅读理解：
26-30ACBCC 31-35BCACB 36-40CCDDA 41-45BAACB
三、书面表达
Dear editor,
I’m writing to tell you about the discussion we’ve had about whether it is necessary for middle school students to carry mobile phones to school.
The majority of the students think that it is more convenient for them to keep in touch with their parents and classmates if they have a mobile phone. And what’s more, it’s a fashion.
However, most teachers think that middle school students are not old enough to control themselves. It is a waste of time for students to play games and send messages to each other by mobile phone. And it’s easy to cause the students to vie with each other. If necessary they can make phone calls by using public phones on the campus.
In my opinion. following the fashion is understandable. But as middle school students, we should put all our heart into our studies.
Yours truly
Li Hua