高三英语主谓一致
北京四中 毕勤
一、语法知识
(一), 如果主语是不可数名词,动名词,不定式或从句的时候,谓语动词用单数.
Smoking is not a
good habit.
To live happily
needs a lot of things.
What I said is
true.
(二), 如果由and连接的两个做主语的单数名词指的是同一个人或物的时候,用单数动词.
The singer and
songwriter is dead.
The science and technology
plays an important part in China.
Bread and
butter(=buttered bread) is a good food for patients.
"War and
Peace" is the best book I have ever read.
如果由and连接的两个或更多的主语之前有each, every, many
a/an, no的时候用单数名词.
Every boy and girl
in the class works very hard.
Each minute and
second is valuable to us.
(三), 主语是单数, 后面跟有with, along with, together with, besides, as well as, but, except, no less
than, rather than, more
than, like, including, in addition to 的时候, 谓语动词用单数.
Jack with his
family wants to go to China.
He, as well as you,
is very honest.
No one but I is a
student.
Her brother,
together with his wife and children, was killed in the accident.
The father, rather
than the brothers, is responsible.
(四), 由some,
any, no, every构成的复合代词(sb,sth---)和each, either,
neither, one, the other, another, little, a
little, much, no one, nothing做主语的时候,谓语动词用单数.
Each of you is
cleverer than me.
Neither student has
passed the exam.
Is anybody here?
(五), both, few, a few, several, many以及others做主语的时候,永远用复数动词.
Several friends
were invited to the party.
Both books are sold
out.
(六), all, none, any, some, more和most要是修饰单数名词,谓语动词用单数; 若是修饰复数名词,就用复数动词.
Most of the apple
is bad.
Most of the apples
are bad.
None of this money
is yours.
None of the people here
are teachers.
(七), 由or连接的两个以上主语时,动词和最接近的主语一致.
You or he is wrong.
Are you or he
wrong?
由either…or,
neither…nor, not only…but also连接的两个以上主语时,动词和最近的主语一致.
Either he or you
have to tell the truth.
Neither my brother
nor his friends are over 18 years old.
Not only the
basketball players but also the coach was very
nervous.
(八), 若主语的复数名词表示的是"一段时间", "一笔钱", "一段距离", "一个数量", "一个面积"的时候用单数谓语动词.
Two weeks is to
enough for me to finish it.
Five thousand
dollars is too much.
Ten kilometers is
too long for me to run.
(九), people(人民), police, cattle(牛群)等常用复数动词. 有一些集体名词,如果表示的是整体就用单数动词, 如果表示的是其中的个体就用复数谓语动词.这样的词常见的有family,
class, audience,public, team等等.
His family are all
singers.
His family is very
large.
(十)， 关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，谓语动词与先行词一致。
Those who want to
go please sign their names here.
(十一)，一些名词只有复数形式，如clothes,
scissors, trousers, shorts, scales 等， 作主语时谓语用复数形式
The scales 天平 are mine.
但是成双的东西前面有a pair
of 要用单数。
This pair of
scissors belongs to the tailor.
(十二)， 如果主语由"a kind of ( a series of ) 构成， 谓语一般用单数形式。
This kind of men is
dangerous.
如果是多种，谓语动词要用复数。
There are many
kinds of apples.
(十三)， 算术式通常用单数。
(十四)， ics结尾的学科用单数谓语动词。
(十五)， 书名，剧名，报纸名，国名的复数名词作主语，谓语动词用单数。
The united states
is a capitalist country.
" The Arabian
Nights" is a very interesting story-book.
(十六)，"the+形容词（分词）" 指人谓语动词用复数形式。指抽象谓语动词用单数。
The English speak
English.
The new always
beats the old.
(十七)， who,
what, which, all,more, most some, any, none, half, the rest, the remainder 等作主语要看各自的情况。
(十八)， one and
a half 加复数名词作主语谓语动词用单数。
One and a half
bananas is left on the table.
二、练习与检测
1. About 60 percent
of the students _____ from the south, the rest of them _____ from the north and
foreign countries.
A. are/is B.
are/are
C. is/are D.
are
2. Half of the
workers here _____ under 30 _____.
A.
is/years B. are/year old
C. is/years
old D. are/years of age
3. Now Tom with his
classmates _____ football on the playground.
A. play
B. are playing
C. plays D.
is playing
4. The number of
pages in this dictionary _____ about two thousand.
A.
are B. has
C. have
D. is
5. Thirty dollars
_____ too expensive.
A.
are B. is
C. were
D. be
6. The audience
_____ so large that no seat was left unoccupied in the great hall.
A. is
B. are
C. was D. has
7. The secretary
and principal _____ at the meeting now.
A. are
speaking B. is speaking
C. were making a
speech D. have a speech
8. "If anybody
_____, please put down _____ name," said the teacher to the monitor.
A. wants to buy the
book/his B. want to buy the book/their
C. will buy the
book/one's D. wants to have the book bought/her
9. Nothing but one
desk and six chairs _____ in the room.
A. are B. is
stayed
C. is
D. are left
10. Having arrived
at the station, _____.
A. it was found
that the train had left
B. the train had
left
C. the train was
found left
D. he found that
the train had left
11. Between the two
roads _____ a TV tower called "Skyscraper Tower".
A.
stands B. standing
C. which
stands D. stand
12. Either of you
_____ going there tonight.
A. will
B. was
C.
is D. are
13. You as well
_____ right.
A. I
are B. I am
C. as I am D.
as I are
14. All but Dick
_____ in Class Three this term.
A. are
B. is
C. were D.
was
15. -Shall I wait
here for three hours?
-Yes. Three hours
_____ to wait for such a doctor.
A. are not very
long for you B. is not long enough for you
C. was not long
enough for you D. will be too long for you
16. Where to get
the materials and how to get them _____ at the meeting.
A. have not
discussed B. have not been discussed
C. has not
discussed D. has not been discussed
17. I took
mathematics and physics because I think that _____ very important for me to
make further research in this field.
A. what is B.
they are
C.
this D. which are
18. Every student
and every teacher _____.
A. are going to
attend the meeting B. have attended the meeting
C. has attended the
meeting D. is attended the
meeting
19. Three fourths
of the bread _____ by Bob, and the rest of the bread _____ left on the table.
A. was
eaten/were B. were eaten/was
C. were
eaten/were D. was eaten/was
20. This pair of
shoes _____.
A. is
her B. is hers
C. are
hers D. are her
三、练习与检测答案
1-5 BDDDB 6-10 ABACD 11-15 ACDAB 16-20 DBCDB