高一教材复习清单（二） ------- Units 3-4
Editor ：Yanchuang
知识梳理
Ⅰ.网络构建
单词 ： consider means board *destination experience equipment
*paddle normal excitement similarity particular *combine *scare *disaster seize
*drag struggle fight shake *stair strike destroy fear *opportunity article
agent touch *naughty
重点词组：
1逃离
2注意
3保护某人免受…
4为…送行
5另一方面
6也,还
7发生,产生
8失火
9把…往上拽
10站立起来
11通过；经受；仔细检查
12在度假
13交通方式
14接近
15至于,就…来说
16遇到(雨),陷入…
17扫除
18紧紧抓住,不放弃
19调查
20查阅,提到
21逼近,临近
22计算,制订
Ⅱ.重点精讲
●重点单词
1.consider v. 用法归纳： *consider作“考虑；细想”解时,后接名词、-ing形式或宾语从句。作“当作；当成；认为”解时，后接含有as的介词短语或to be复合宾语。
Please _________________.
= Please _______ ______ my suggestion. 请仔细考虑我的建议。
Have you ___________________________________？ 你考虑调换工作了吗？
She began to consider what use could ____ ______ ____ it. 她开始考虑怎样对它加以利用。
Have you considered ________________________？ 你是否考虑过如何到那里去？
We consider _____（____/______）_____ ______ _______. =We regard him as our
best friend.
我们把他看作我们最好的朋友。
2. means n. 用法归纳 means作“方法；手段；工具；能力”解时,单数和复数相同。
Our company has the _______ ____ ____________ _____ __________. 公司有能力开发新产品。
There ______________________________ contacting him. 没有办法和他取得联系。
相关归纳 （1）by all means （2）by no means （3）by means of （4）by this means
—Do you mind if I have a look？ —_________________.
_________________, I would like to see you this evening!
—Am I wrong？ —No, ____________________.不，一点也不错。
She is ________________ an inexperienced teacher.
We can express our feelings by means of words. 我们用语言表达感情。
The load was lifted ___________________ a crane. 重物是用起重机吊起来的。
3. once : 用法归纳 *once可用作连词和副词。 作连词时的主要义项为：一……就；一旦；当……时候。 作副词时的主要义项为：一次；曾经；曾；根本。特别提示 : once引导的状语从句中，要用一般现在时表示将来的动作。
_________________ any fear, he _____________. 一旦你表现(show)出胆怯，他就会进攻你。
Once_____________, this dictionary will be very popular. 一旦付印，这本词典会很受欢迎。
I _____________________________.我去过北京一次。
He __________, but they are no longer friends. 他曾经与她熟识,但现在他们之间已没有友情。
相关归纳 :（1）all at once （2）at once （3）once more（=once again） （4）once or twice
（5）once in a while （6）once upon a time （7）Once bitten, twice shy.
a. ____________she lost her temper.
b. I can’t do everything__________________ —you’ll have to be patient.
c. Come here_________________! d. Let me hear just __________________.
e. I don’t know her well, I’ve only met her ___________________.
●重点短语
1.at the same time 同时；一齐；但是；然而；不过
She was laughing and crying at the same time. 她又笑又哭。
Don’t all speak at the same time. 大家别同时说话。
This is a difficult problem, at the same time it is extremely interesting.
这是一个很难的问题，然而又很有意思。
You have to be firm, but at the same time you should try and be sympathetic.
你必须要严格，不过也应尽量怀有同情心。
2. see sb. off 为…送行；送别；赶走；驱逐（某人）;（在游戏、战斗等活动中）打败；击败
Thousands of people were at the airport _____________________. 在机场为他们送行。
The dogs _________________________. 几条狗立刻把他们吓跑了。
The home team saw off the challengers by 68 points to 47. 主队以68∶47击败前来挑战的客队。
3. not at all用法归纳 not at all可以用在否定句中，意思是“根本不,一点也不”；也可单独使用，特别是在答语中，意思是“一点也不, 没关系,不用谢”。
He was not tired at all. 他一点儿也不累。 I didn’t agree at all. 我根本就没同意。
—Thank you very much for your help. —Not at all, it was a pleasure. 别客气，不用谢。
相关归纳 : at all 到底；真的；竟然。可用于肯定句及疑问句，起强调作用，常带有较强的感情色彩。 Do it well if you do it at all. 要做就要做好。
4. find out 了解（情况）；打听；发现；查出（坏人）；识破
We must _____________________ the matter. 我们必须了解事实真相。
Can you _____________________________for me？ 你能帮我打听一下他的地址吗？
I ________________________________ about him yet. 我还没发现有关他的什么情况。
He had been cheating the taxman but it was years _____________________________.
他过去一直在欺骗税务部门，只是多年以后才被查出来。
疑难突破
1. beat, hit, strike
（1）They put a piece of wet paper on top of the characters and ______ it lightly.
（2） The stone ______ him on the head.
（3）When we heard our team ______ the Japanese team we ______ the drums gladly.
（4）______ while the iron is hot.
（5）When I got home, the clock was ______ seven.
2. but, however, while
（1）I like computer games,______ I have no time to play.
（2） It’s raining hard.______, I think we should go out.
（3）He said that it was so; he was mistaken,______.
（4）She listened to me closely ______ he read something.
（5）______ hard it may be, do it best.
（6）The girls are dancing ______the boys are singing.
3. instead, instead of
（1）If you are busy, you may come another day ______.
（2）If you are busy, you may come another day ______ today.
（3）I didn’t go out to play, ______,I did some washing at home.
（4）______ going out to play, I did some washing at home.
（5）Things will be better ______ worse.
（6）Your teacher is ill. I’ll give you the class ______ him.
4.catch（take）fire, be on fire, put out fire, be out, set sth. on fire
Yesterday evening a shop near our school 1 for some reason. When the firefighters arrived, it 2 for about twenty minutes. They tried their best to 3 . And at last the fire 4 .The police thought someone 5 the shop 5 and now they are trying to find out who 6 it.
5. wear, dress, put on, have on, in, be dressed in, pull on, with
（1）She got up late, so she ______her clothes and went to school in a hurry.
（2）She is ______a new skirt today. She looks more beautiful.
（3）He is going out. He is ______ an overcoat.
（4）The nurses are all ______in white.
（5）She ______her son and sent him to school. Then she ______herself in a coat and went to work .She always ______well.
（6）When a person is born, he/she_____ nothing ____.When he/she dies, he/she carries nothing away.
（7）When did you get the shoes you ______yesterday？
（8）She likes to ______black（clothes）.
（9）The girl ______ red is our monitor.
（10）The woman teacher ______glasses is your new English teacher.
6. fight for, fight against, fight with
（1）Two dogs fight ______ a bone, and a third runs away with it.
（2）They are fighting ______ better working conditions.
（3）They were fighting ______ the enemy to gain their freedom.
（4）They fought ______ the Italians in the last war and against them in this.
典例剖析
【例1】 （2005年春季北京，27）I have lost one of my gloves. I _____ it somewhere.
A. must drop B. must have dropped C. must be dropping D. must have been dropped
【例2】 （2004年全国卷Ⅲ，31）Reading is an experience quite different from watching TV; there are pictures ______ in your mind instead of before your eyes.
A. to form B. form C. forming D. having formed
【例3】 （2004年全国卷Ⅳ，30）Several weeks had gone by __ I realized the painting was missing.
A. as B. before C. since D. when
【例4】 （2004年江苏，28）—You haven’t lost the ticket, have you？
—______.I know it’s not easy to get another one at the moment.
A.I hope not B. Yes, I have C.I hope so D. Yes, I’m afraid so
【例5】 （2004年江苏,24）He got to the station early,______ missing his train.
A. in case of B. instead of C. for fear of D. in search of
【例6】 （2002年NMET,34）The research is so designed that once _ nothing can be done to change it.
A. begins B. having begun C. beginning D. begun
【例7】 Jumping out of __ airplane at ten thousand feet is quite __ exciting experience.
A. /;the B./;an C. an; an D. the; the
【例8】 Someone called me up in the middle of the night, but they hung up__ I could answer the phone.
A. as B. since C. until D. before
巩固练习:
1. Peter is __ one of the best players. A thought B believed C considered D regarded
2. The train ____ for the city at ten, so you have enough time to make preparations .
A leaves B is leaving C is to leave D is going to leave
3. _____ do you prefer to coffee? A How B What C Why D When
4. The girl was made to ____ a man she didn’t love at all.
A marry B marry to C marry with D be married
5. She was much worried for fear ___ the child would be hurt. A of B in C with D that
6. Was it ___ she said or something that she did ___ you were so angry at so much?
A what that B that which C that what D what which
7. A woman was killed in the store last night. Have the police examined the body of _____?
A the woman to be murdered B the woman being murdered
C the murdered woman D the murdering woman
8 If there were no hungry problems, the people of the world should have_____ in their daily life.
A. a much happier time B. a more happier time C. the happier time D. much happiest time
9. ---- ___ I return the dictionary within three days? ---- No, you ___. You ___ it for five days.
A May, needn’t, can borrow B Can ,mustn’t, would have
C Must, don’t have to, can keep D Shall, can’t , should borrow
10The price of wheat is higher than ___ of rice. A one B that C it D the one
范文背诵：
假设你是Jim Lee，在最近的研究性学习当中，应《21世纪中学生英语报》（The 21st Century）之邀。你对你所在班60名同学（男女各半）进行了上网目的的调查。现将调查结果（如下表所示）用英语给报社的编辑写一封信，报告此事，以引起舆论的关注。
注意：1、报告应包括图表所示全部内容； 2、叙述调查结果时要避免重复使用百分比；
3、叙述过程要适当添加评语； 4、词数100字左右。
提示词：作调查 make a survey
Dear editor,
I have recently made a survey among 30 boys and 30 girls in my class about their purpose of getting on the internet.
The girls’ favorite is chatting, but few boys like it. What the boys like to do most is playing games and the girls also like it. Both boys and girls like to read news or send e-mails on the internet. Maybe they think it’s the most convenient way to get information from keeping in touch with friends. As for studying, the numbers of boys and girls are equal, but altogether only several of they will use internet as a tool to study.
In my opinion, useful as the Internet is, the students had better make better and wiser use of it. Otherwise, it’s impossible for us to benefit from it. Moreover, I also hope the parents will pay enough attention to their children using the Internet in their spare time.
●重点单词
1.consider v.
Please consider my suggestion. =Please think about my suggestion. 请仔细考虑我的建议。
Have you considered changing your job？ 你考虑调换工作了吗？
She began to consider what use could be made of it. 她开始考虑怎样对它加以利用。
Have you considered how to get there？ 你是否考虑过如何到那里去？
We consider him（to be/as）our best friend. =We regard him as our best
friend.
我们把他看作我们最好的朋友。
Who do you consider（to be）responsible for the accident？ 你认为谁对这个事故负有责任？
用法归纳 *consider作“考虑；细想”解时,后接名词、-ing形式或宾语从句。作“当作；当成；认为”解时，后接含有as的介词短语或to be复合宾语。
2.means n.
Our company has the means to develop new products. 公司有能力开发新产品。
There are/is no means of contacting him. 没有办法和他取得联系。
Television is an effective means of communication. 电视是一种有效的通讯手段。
People should pay according to their means. 人们应该按照各自的负担能力来消费。
用法归纳 means作“方法；手段；工具；能力”解时,单数和复数相同。
相关归纳
（1）by all means 可以；当然行；没问题；务必；尽一切办法
—Do you mind if I have
a look？ 我看一眼行吗？ —By all means. 当然可以。
By all means, I
would like to see you this evening! 无论如何，我今晚想见你一面！
（2）by no means 决不；一点也不
—Am I wrong？我错了吗？ —No, by no means.不，一点也不错。
She is by no means an
inexperienced teacher. 她绝不是一个毫无经验的老师。
（3）by means of 用；依靠
We can express
our feelings by means of words. 我们用语言表达感情。
The load was lifted by means of a crane. 重物是用起重机吊起来的。
（4）by this means 通过这种方式
3.once conj. Once you show any fear,he will attack
you. 一旦你表现出胆怯，他就会进攻你。
Once（it is）printed,this dictionary will be very popular. 一旦付印，这本词典会很受欢迎。
The water is fine once you are in! 一旦你下了水，就会觉得水里挺舒服。
adv. I’ve been to Beijing once. 我去过北京一次。
She only sees her parents once every six months. 她每半年才看望父母一次。
He once knew her,but they are no longer friends. 他曾经与她熟识，但现在他们之间已没有友情。
If she once decides to do something, you won’t change her mind. 她一旦决定干什么，
用法归纳 *once可用作连词和副词。作连词时的主要义项为：一……就；一旦；当……时候。 作副词时的主要义项为：一次；曾经；曾；根本。 once引导的状语从句中，要用一般现在时表示将来的动作。
相关归纳 （1）all at once 突然；骤然；忽然；一起；同时
All at once she lost her temper. 她突然大发脾气。
I can’t do everything all at once —you’ll have to be patient. 我不能万事一把抓呀，你可急不得。
（2）at once立即，马上；同时 Come here at once! 马上到这里来！
（3）once more（=once again）再一次；再次
Once more/again the train was late. 火车再次晚点。 Let me hear
just once more. 让我再听一遍。
（4）once or twice 一两次；几次
I don’t know her well,I’ve only met her once or twice. 我跟她不很熟，我只见过她一两次。（5）once in a while偶尔 （6）once upon a time从前 （7）Once bitten,twice shy. 一朝被蛇咬，十年怕井绳。
●重点短语
1.at the same time
同时；一齐；但是；然而；不过
She was laughing and crying at the same time. 她又笑又哭。
Don’t all speak at the same time. 大家别同时说话。
This is a difficult problem,at the same time it is extremely interesting.
这是一个很难的问题，然而又很有意思。
You have to be firm,but at the same time you should try and be sympathetic.
你必须要严格，不过也应尽量怀有同情心。
相关归纳
（1）at all times 总是；随时；永远
Our representatives are ready to help you at all times. 我们的代表随时准备帮助你。
（2）at the best of times 即使在最好的情况下
He’s never very happy at the best of times —he’ll be much worse now!
他即使在情绪最好的时候也从未高兴过，现在就更糟了。
（3）at a time 每次；逐一；依次 She ran up the stairs
two at a time. 她一步两阶地跑上楼梯。
（4）at times 有时；间或 He can be really bad-tempered at times. 他有时脾气可真坏。
2.see sb. off 为…送行；送别；赶走；驱逐（某人）；（在游戏、战斗等活动中）打败；击败
Thousands of people were at the airport to see them off. 数以千计的人在机场为他们送行。
The dogs saw them off in no time. 几条狗立刻把他们吓跑了。
The home team saw off the challengers by 68 points to 47. 主队以68∶47击败前来挑战的客队。
3.not at all
He was not tired at all. 他一点儿也不累。 I didn’t agree at all.
我根本就没同意。
—Thank you very much for your help. 多谢你帮忙。
—Not at all,it
was a pleasure. 别客气，不用谢。
用法归纳
not at all可以用在否定句中，意思是“根本不,一点也不”；也可单独使用，特别是在答语中，意思是“一点也不,没关系,不用谢”。
相关归纳
at all 到底；真的；竟然。可用于肯定句及疑问句，起强调作用，常带有较强的感情色彩。
Do it well if you do it at all. 要做就要做好。
4.find out 了解（情况）；打听；发现；查出（坏人）；识破
We must find out the truth of the matter. 我们必须了解事实真相。
Can you find out his address for me？ 你能帮我打听一下他的地址吗？
I haven’t found anything out about him yet. 我还没发现有关他的什么情况。
We found out later that we had been at the same school. 后来我们才弄清楚我们是校友。
He had been cheating the taxman but it was years before he was found out.
他过去一直在欺骗税务部门，只是多年以后才被查出来。
疑难突破
1.beat,hit,strike
（1）beat表示有目的地在某物上连续不断地打，可以是轻打，也可以是重打。beat还可以表示在游戏、竞赛或战争中击败对方。
（2）hit着重指打中和击中这一结果，强调敲打或击中对方的某一点。
（3）strike指用力地“击打”，表示短暂的动作，含有急速地或突然地一次性殴打、打击或敲击，有时与hit通用，可以用于比喻意义。
答案：（1）beat （2）hit （3）beat, beat （4）Strike （5）striking
2.but,however,while
（1）but是连词，连接两个并列的成分或句子，在意义上构成对比，语气比较强。
（2）however（然而、尽管）作副词时的显着特点是与逗号不可分：置于句首，其后用逗号；置于句中，前后用逗号；置于句末，其前用逗号；however还可以引导状语从句，意思是“不管怎样”。
（3）while可以用作连词，连接并列句，表示对两种情况或两个动作的对比，意思是“可是;…而”。
答案：（1）but （2）However （3）however （4）while （5）However （6）while
3.instead,instead of
instead of取代；而不。其用法相当于介词，常用在名词、副词、形容词、代词、介词短语或动名词之前。
instead是副词，不能接任何词。
答案：（1）instead （2）instead of （3）instead （4）Instead of （5）instead of （6）instead of
4.catch（take）fire,be on fire,put out fire,be out,set sth.on
fire
（1）catch/take fire意为“着火”,强调动作，主语为燃烧物。 （2）be on fire意为“着火;在燃烧”,表示状态，主语为燃烧物。 （3）put out fire意为“扑灭火”,表示动作，强调结果，主语为灭火的人。
（4）be out意为“火灭”,表示状态，主语为fire。 （5）set sth.on fire=set fire to sth.意为“放火烧……”,主语为放火的人。 答案：1.caught/took fire 2.had been on fire 3.put out
the fire 4.was out /was put out 5.set;on fire 6.set fire to
5.wear,dress,put on,have on,in,be dressed in,pull on,with
（1）强调动作 sb.dress sb./oneself sb.put on（衣服、鞋、帽等） sb.pull on（衣服、鞋、帽等）
（2）强调状态 b.wear（衣服、鞋、帽、手套、眼镜、头发、胡须等，还可接颜色） sb.have on（衣服、鞋、帽、手套等） sb.be in（颜色、衣服） sb.be dressed in（颜色、衣服）
（3）其他用法 pull on表示不经心地、随随便便或匆匆忙忙地穿/戴上。 // wear可用于进行时，有时可用wearing作状语或定语。// have on不可用于进行时，也不可用现在分词作状语或定语。 // in除了同be连用作表语外，还可单独作定语。// dress还可用作不及物动词，指“日常的穿着”。 // with只能接眼镜、手套等，用作定语。
答案：（1）pulled on （2）wearing/in （3）putting on （4）dressed （5）dressed,dressed,dresses （6）has,on （7）had on/wore （8）wear/be dressed in/be in （9）in （10）with
6.fight for,fight against,fight with
fight for意为“为……而战;为争取……而战”。 fight against接事物名词，意为“为反对……而斗争”。接人或国家名词，意思是“与……战斗”。 fight with 意为“与……（并肩）战斗”或“与……战斗”（=fight against）。 答案：（1）for （2）for （3）against （4）with
典例剖析
【例1】剖析：参见“必背句型4”。 答案：B
【例2】剖析：根据there be ...句型的特点，pictures之后不能用谓语动词形式，故排除B。A为不定式表示将来；D为现在分词完成式表示已完成的动作；因此C项正确。全句意思为“阅读是完全不同于看电视的体验，它是在头脑中形成图像，而不是在眼前形成图像”。 答案：C
【例3】剖析：本题考查连词引导状语从句的知识。before作连词时有很多译法，要根据上下文翻译成恰当的汉语。本句可译为“几周过去了我才意识到画不见了”。又如：
The fire lasted about four hours before the firefighters could control it.
大火燃烧了大约四个小时，消防队员才将火势控制住。
You’d better write it down before you forget it. 你最好趁着现在还没忘把它记下来。
It won’t be long before we meet again. 不久我们就会再次见面。
You must finish your work before you go home. 回家前你必须把工作干完。 答案：B
【例4】剖析：此题考查反意疑问句答语的用法。根据反意疑问句的规则，若陈述句为否定式，反意疑问部分为肯定式，要根据事实来回答，即回答 “Yes,I have.”，意为“不，我已丢了”；回答“No,I haven’t.”，意为“是的，我没丢”。结合语境，尤其是最后一句可知最佳选项为A，意为：“希望我不会丢了票。我知道此时此刻再弄一张票不容易。” 答案：A
【例5】剖析：本题考查介词短语，in case of意为“以防……，万一……”；instead of意为“顶替，代替”；for fear of意为“以免……，唯恐……”；in search of意为“搜寻，寻找”。根据句意，C项为最佳答案。 答案：C
【例6】剖析：once begun为once it is begun的省略形式，once作“一旦”解，引导条件状语从句。 答案：D
【例7】剖析：airplane为可数名词，第一次提及时，前面必须有不定冠词，故排除A、B、D三项。experience作“经验”讲，是不可数名词;作“经历”讲，是可数名词。如：He has no experience of
teaching.他没有教学经验。He has many interesting experiences in his life.他一生中有很多有趣的经历。 答案：C
【例8】剖析：本句可以译为“我还没来得及接电话，他们就把电话挂上了”。 答案：D
巩固练习: CABAD ACACB