高一教材复习清单（六） ------- Units 11-12
Editor ：Yanchuang
知识梳理
Ⅰ.网络构建
单词 suggestion *instrument perform *characteristic character contain spread variety universal record satisfy desire *emotion *process express *entertain treat literature *comedy local exhibition power *magic series forehead *miserable habit whisper stupid announcement
词组
1．有很多相同点
2．和……一道
3．专心听……
4．出第一张唱片
5．把……变成
6．满足内心的欲望
7．处理，应对
8．处于困境中，有麻烦
9．害怕……
10．偶然遇见，碰上
11．有共同的目标
12．转过身，转过来
Ⅱ.重点精讲
●重点单词
1. treat用法归纳 ：用作动词的主要义项有：以……态度对待；以……方式对待；医疗；医治；治疗。用作名词的主要义项有：乐趣；乐事；款待。
Treat your keyboard with care and it should last for years.小心使用你的键盘,这样你可以使用很多年
He was treated as a hero on his release from prison. 他获释出狱时被当成英雄看待。
She was treated for sunstroke. 她因中暑而接受治疗。
We took the kids to the zoo as a special treat. 作为特别的消遣，我们带孩子到动物园去。
When I was young, chocolate was a treat. 我年轻的时候，吃巧克力是一种难得的享受。
Let’s go out for lunch—my treat. 咱们到外面去吃午餐，我请客。
相关归纳
（1）treat sth.as sth.把……看作；把……视为
I decided to treat his remark as a joke. 我决定把他的话当作戏言。
（2）treat sb./oneself to sth.招待；款待；请（客）；买（可享受的东西）。
She treated him to lunch.她请他吃午饭。
I’m going to treat myself to a new pair of shoes. 我打算给自己买双新鞋。
（3）a treat 极为有效；棒极了 His idea worked a treat（=was successful）. 他的主意极为奏效。
2. habit 习惯
You need to change your eating habits. 你得改变你的饮食习惯。
It’s all right to borrow money occasionally, but don’t let it become a habit.
偶尔借点钱没关系，但不要养成习惯。
相关归纳
（1）be in the/a habit of=have the/a habit of 有……的习惯（或脾气）
I’m not in the habit of letting strangers into my apartment. 我不习惯让陌生人进我家。
（2）get/fall into the/a habit of 养成……的习惯
I’ve got into the habit of turning on TV as soon as I get home. 我习惯了一回家就打开电视。
（3）break/get out of the/a habit of戒除……的习惯
I’m trying to break the habit of staying up too late. 我正试图改掉熬夜的习惯。
●重点短语
1.in common共用；公有
They hold the poverty as tenants in common. 作为共同租赁人，他们共同占用这份房地产。
Real friends should have everything in common. 真正的朋友应该共同拥有一切。
相关归纳
（1）have sth. in common（with sb.）（想法、兴趣等方面）相同
Jane and I have nothing in common./I have nothing in common with Jane. 我与简毫无共同之处。
（2）have sth. in common（with sth.）（东西、地方等）有相同的特征（或特点）
The two cultures have a lot in common. 这两种文化有许多相同之处。
（3）in common with sb./sth.与……相同
In common with many people, he prefers classical music to pop.
像很多人一样，他喜欢古典音乐而不喜欢流行音乐。
2.ask sb. for advice 向某人征求建议
Can I ask you for some advice on reading? 我能向你征求有关阅读的建议吗？
（1）give advice 提出建议 He gave us several pieces of advice. 他给我们提了几条建议。
（2）take（follow）one’s advice接受某人的建议
He often asks me for advice but sometimes when I give him advice, he won’t take/follow my advice.
他经常向我征求意见，但是当我给他提建议时，他又不愿意接受。
3.in trouble处于不幸、苦恼、困境中；有麻烦
He is always ready to help anyone who is in trouble. 他总是乐于帮助有麻烦的人。
If I don’t get this finished in time, I’ll be in trouble. 我如不按时把这完成就要倒霉了。
He is in trouble with the police. 他犯事落入警察手里。
相关归纳
（1）get into trouble遇到麻烦；出事
A yachtsman got into trouble off the coast and had to be rescued. 一个驾驶帆船的人在海上遇险需要救援
（2）take the trouble to do sth.不辞辛劳地做；不厌其烦地做
She didn’t even take the trouble to find out how to spell my name.
她嫌麻烦，甚至连我的姓名如何拼写都不想搞清楚。
4.come across
（1）+sb./sth.（偶然）遇见，碰见，发现
（2）被理解，被弄懂，给人以……印象，使产生……印象
She came across some old photographs in a drawer. 她在抽屉里偶然发现了一些旧照片。
He spoke for a long time but his meaning didn’t really come across.
他讲了很久，但并没有人真正理解他的意思。
She comes across well in interviews. 她在面试中常给人留下很好的印象。
●必背句型
1.even if/though引导的状语从句
Can you enjoy music from other parts of the world even if you don’t understand the words?
即使你不明白歌词的意思，你也能欣赏世界其他地方的音乐吗？
特别提示 : （1）只能说even though，不可说even although。
（2）在even if /though引导的状语从句中，用一般现在时表示将来。
I’ll get there even though I have to walk. 我就是走也要走到那里去。
I’ll help you, even if I don’t sleep for night. 即使我一夜不睡，我也要帮你。
相关归纳
（1）even so尽管如此；即使这样
He is a very nice person. Even so, I don’t really trust him.
他是一个非常好的人，即使这样，我也不真正信任他。
（2）even now/then甚至到现在（或那时）；即使是这样（或那样）
I’ve shown him the photographs but even now he won’t believe me.
我把照片给他看了，即使是这样他仍然不相信我。
Even then she would not admit her mistake. 甚至到那时她还是不肯认错。
2.含有if only的句子
If only they could find a way to get to the room, or whatever it was, behind the wall.
他们要是能够找到一条通道进入墙壁后面的那个房间，或无论什么地方，该有多好!
特别提示
if only后常接过去时或过去完成时，表达强烈的愿望或遗憾。
If only you hadn’t told Jackie what I said, everything would have been all right.
要是你没把我的话告诉杰克就好了，那样就不会出什么问题了。
If only I were rich.但愿我很富有。
If only he’d remembered to send that letter. 要是他没忘记发那封信就好了。
If only he would listen to reason! 他要是能听得进道理就好了。
相关归纳
（1）only if只有
Only if a teacher has given permission is a student allowed to leave the room.
学生只有得到老师的许可才能离开教室。
特别提示 : only if引导的从句放在句首时，主句采用部分倒装语序。
（2）if not不然；要不
I’ll go if you’re going. If not（=if you don’t go）, I’d rather stay at home.
你去我就去，不然的话，我宁愿待在家里。
Do you want that cake. If not, I’ll have it. 你要那块蛋糕吗？不然我就要了。
（3）if so
Have you got a free evening next week? If so（=if you have）,let’s have dinner.
下周你哪一个晚上有空？如果没事，我们去吃一顿。
特别提示 : 该短语经常用来代替完整的句子，译法较活。
（4）but for若不是，要不是
But for your help, we wouldn’t have finished the work ahead of time.
要不是有你的帮助，我们就不会提前完成工作。
特别提示: but for等于if it were not for...； if it hadn’t been for...所在的句子常用虚拟语气。
3. when引导的句子
He was about to say something when Pete turned around. 他正要说点什么，皮特突然转过身来。
特别提示
when作连词时，主要义项有：（1） 在那时，突然……；（2） 当……时候；（3） 刚（一）……就……；（4） 如果（同if）；（5） 可是，虽然；（6） 既然（同since）
He was about to tell me the secret when someone patted him on the shoulder.
他正要告诉我那个秘密，这时有人拍拍他的肩膀。
I’ll go to see you when you come back. 你回来时我去看你。
I had hardly left home when it began to rain. 我刚离开家，天就下雨了。
Call me at once when anything goes wrong with the machine.如果机器有什么问题,请马上给我打电话
She usually walks when she might ride. 虽然她可以坐车，但她通常步行。
Why did you write with a pencil when you know you should write in ink？
既然你知道应该用钢笔写，为什么你还用铅笔写？
疑难突破
1.believe, believe in : believe表示“相信某件事情或某人的话”。 believe in sb./sth.表示“相信某人或某物的存在”或“信赖；信任；相信某人会成功”。
（1）Do you ______God? （2）They need a leader they can ______.
（3）You can ______ him this time but you’d better not ______him.
（4）Don’t you ______what I say?=Don’t you ______me?
2.power, strength, force 这三个词都有“力量”之意。
power用法最广，用于各种身的、心的、隐藏的、外显的力量，也可指事物的某种作用力或动力。
strength指内部的能力，是身体组织内存在的体力。
force指运用或发挥出来的外在的、活动的力，含有克服阻力而使人或物按要求的方向运动之意。
（1）Knowledge is ______. （2）The boy lifted the stone with all his ______.
（3）She doesn’t have enough ______to walk upstairs.
（4）Carrying this baggage requires a lot of ____. （5）The ___ of the wind knocked over a tree.
典例剖析
【例1】 （2004年上海，38）Jasmine was holidaying with her family in wildlife park ______ she was bitten on the leg by a lion. A. when B. while C. since D. once
【例2】 （2004年江苏，23）______ I accept that he is not perfect, I do actually like the person.
A. While B. Since C. Before D. Unless
【例3】 （2004年天津，24）When he left __ college, he got a job as __ reporter in a newspaper office.
A./；a B./；the C. a；the D. the；the
【例4】 （2004年湖北，28）______ with the size of the whole earth, the biggest ocean does not seem big at all. A. Compare B. When comparing C. Comparing D. When compared
【例5】 （2004年浙江，31）______ modeling business is by no means easy to get into, the good model will always be in demand. A. While B. Since C. As D. If
【例6】 （2002年上海,31）Alec asked the policeman ______ he worked to contact him whenever there was an accident. A. with him B. who C. with whom D. whom
书面表达
下面的饼状图（pie chat）显示了你对你校学生兴趣爱好的调查结果。请你用英语给Shanghai Students’ Post 写一篇短文，报道你的调查结果，并对此结果发表你的看法或建议。字数120词左右。首句已给出（不计入词数）。
A recent survey shows what the students of our school like to do in their spare time.
From the pie chat, we can see 53% of the students like sports, so doing sports is the most popular activity in our school. The second popular activity for students is surfing the Internet and 36 % of the students have interest in it. Only a few students, about 8 percent of them, take reading as a hobby. And even fewer are fond of playing musical instruments.
In my point of view, our school should have more sports facilities built to satisfy the need of the students. Guidance should be given to students on surfing the Internet and ways must be found to arouse students’ interests in reading and music.
书面表达评分的基本要求：
1．时态为一般现在时（时态错建议得分在20分以下）；
2．图表描述内容必须包含饼状图中所给的4个活动（reading, playing musical instruments, doing sports和surfing the Internet）；
3．看法或建议可从以下几方面阐述（只要有两个建议就可以了）：
Reading: To find ways to arouse students’ interest in reading, etc.
Playing musical instruments: To make more students become interested in playing musical instruments, etc.
Doing sports: To have more sports facilities built, to pay more attention to the safety of the students, etc.
Surfing the Internet: To guide the students in surfing the Internet, to forbid students who are under age for net bars to play computer games, etc.
巩固练习:
I. 单选:
1．Tom, the husband, likes sports. Julia, the wife, likes books. It seems that they have nothing___.
A．the same B．of the same C．in common D．in the common
2．I don’t like rock music. __________at rock concerts is noise and flashing light.
A．All there is B．All it is C．What is there D．What is it
3．—We are having a discussion. How about ___over to join us? —OK. I’m on my___.
A．coming; road B．coming; way C．to come; road D．to come; way
3．—Do you often listen to _____radio ? —No. In fact, I haven’t got __________ radio.
A．a; a B．/; the C．the; / D．the; a
4．You’d better not phone the manager between 7 and 8 tomorrow evening; he ___an important meeting then. A．will have B．would have C．will be having D．will have had
5．I can hardly _______my eyes: a lovely pet dog is sleeping in my room!
A．believe B．believe in C．trust D．trust in
6．The little boy is naughty. His parents don’t know what to ______ him.
A．do about B．care about C．deal with D．talk with
7．__________with many women, Jane was indeed very fortunate.
A．Comparing B．To compare C．To be compared D．Compared
8．You should know it is not always easy to do__________.
A．which is right B．what is right C．which to be right D．what to be right
9. They have_____ with each other except that they look alike.
A. a lot in common B. little in common C. Nothing to do D. no common
10. Thank you for the trouble you have ___to find me the book.
A. made B. had C. put D. taken
11．I’d like to ask you to put an end to the quarrel. I know you have the__________.
A. energy B. force C. strength D. power
12. If you go shopping along with me, I ’ll treat you __________an ice-cream.
A. as B. for C. with D. to
13. I can’t possibly do it all by myself. If only my parents __________away on holiday!
A. were B. are C. have been D. had been
14. She said it__________, so I couldn’t hear.
A．with a whisper B．in a whisper C．with whisper D．in whisper
15. It looks all right in theory, but it won’t __in practice. A．Use B．matter C．Care D．work
II. 阅读:
Animals Can Sense Natural Disasters （动物能预感到自然灾难）
难度：＊＊＊＊＊ 词数：268 标准时间：5分钟 完成时间：______ 正确数：______
Among the dead in South Asia’s tsunami① were many tourists at Sri Lanka’s national wildlife park at Yala. But very few of the park’s animals — elephants, buffaloes, monkeys and wild cats — appear to have died. There are theories that animals can sense natural disasters and flee to safety.
First, it’s possible that the animals may have heard the quake before the tsunami hit. The underwater rupture likely produced sound waves known as infrasound② or infrasonic sound. Humans can’t hear infrasound, but many animals including dogs, elephants, tigers and pigeons can.
A second early warning sign the animals might have sensed is ground vibration③. The massive quake would have produced vibrational waves known as Rayleigh waves. These vibrations move through the ground like waves move on the surface of the ocean but faster. They travel at ten times the speed of sound. The Rayleigh waves would have reached SriLanka hours before the water hit. Mammals, birds, insects and spiders can sense Rayleigh waves. So the animals at Yale might have felt the Rayleigh waves and then run to higher ground.
But what about humans? While we can’t hear infrasound, we can feel it, although we don’t necessarily know we’re feeling it. We also experience Rayleigh waves by special sensors in our joints, which exist just for that purpose. Sadly, it seems we don’t pay attention to the information when we get it. Maybe we screen it out because there’s so much going on before our eyes and in our ears. Humans have a lot of things on our minds and usually that works out OK.
Notes: tsunami n. 海啸 infrasound n. 次声 vibration n. 振动，颤动
1. Why did few animals at Yala die when the tsunamis that caused a huge number of human deaths hit?
A. Because the animals were staying at a higher place in the park.
B. Because the animals were able to run much faster than human beings.
C. Because human beings cannot hear the infrasonic sound.
D. Because the animals might have picked up the danger signals and ran away.
2. Which of the statements about “Ravleigh waves” is true?
A. Rayleigh waves are massive vibrational waves that usually cause quakes or tsunamis.
B. Rayleigh waves move on the ocean surface at a speed ten times that of sound waves.
C. Rayleigh waves can be felt both by animals and human beings.
D. Rayleigh waves, just like infrasonic sound, can only be felt by animals.
3. When a tsunami hits, it is possible that ＿＿＿＿.
A. we can’t feel the infrasound so we can’t be informed of the danger
B. we can feel Rayleigh waves as well as infrasound so we are able to escape the danger like animals
C. we were so busy with things on our minds that we feel neither infrasound nor Rayleigh waves
D. we think nothing of the information of its coming even though we can also get it
4. What does the underlined word “that” in the last sentence refer to?
A. Screening out the information.
B. There being so much going on before our eyes and in our ears.
C. Having a lot of things on our minds.
D. Paying attention to the information.
The Giant Squid In The Deep Ocean（深海大鱿鱼）
难度：＊＊＊＊ 词数： 283 标准时间：6分钟 完成时间：______ 正确数：______
Japanese scientists have taken the first photographs of one of the most mysterious creatures in the deep ocean — the giant squid①.
Until now the only information about the behavior of the creatures which measure up to 18 meters (59 feet) in length has been based on dead or dying squid washed up on shore or captured② in commercial fishing nets.
But Tsunemi Kubodera, of the National Science Museum, and Kyoichi Mori of the Ogasawara Whale Watching Association, both in Tokyo have captured the first images of Architeuthis attacking bait③ 900 meters below the surface in the cold, dark waters of the North Pacific. “We show the first wild images of a giant squid in its natural environment,” they said in a report in the journal Proceedings B of the Royal Society.
Little is known about the creatures because it has been so difficult to locate and study them alive. Large ships and specialist equipment, which is costly, are needed to study deep sea environments.
The Japanese scientists found the squid by following sperm whales, the most effective hunters of giant squid, as they gathered to feed between September and December in the deep waters off the coast of the Ogasawara Islands in the North Pacific. They used a remote long-line camera and depth logging system to capture the giant squid in the ocean depths.
The most dramatic character of giant squids is the pair of extremely long tentacles④, distinct from the eight shorter arms. The long tentacles make up to two-thirds of the length of the dead specimens⑤ to date. The giant squid appear to be a much more active meat-eating animals than researchers had thought.
Notes: squid n. 鱿鱼capture vt. 捕获 bait n. 鱼饵 tentacle n. 触角,触须specimen n. 标本,样本
( ) 1. The passage mainly tells us that ________.
A. Scientists captured a giant squid alive B. Scientists captured a giant squid on camera
C. giant squids are special meat-eating animals D. giant squids mainly live in the deep sea
( ) 2. According to the passage, we can infer that the word “Architeuthis” should refer to ________.
A. a scientist B. the sperm whale C. a big ship D. the giant squid
( ) 3. Which of the following about giant squids is TRUE?
A. They like living the cold and deep waters. B. They mainly feed on the dead fish.
C. They like playing, using their tentacles. D. They have only eight arms around the mouth.
( ) 4. According to the passage, the scientists located the giant squid ________.
A. through a remote long-line camera B. by using depth logging system
C. by following sperm whales D. by using the bait to attract them
疑难突破
1.believe, believe in : believe表示“相信某件事情或某人的话”。 believe in sb./sth.表示“相信某人或某物的存在”或“信赖；信任；相信某人会成功”。
（1）Do you ______God? （2）They need a leader they can ______.
（3）You can ______ him this time but you’d better not ______him.
（4）Don’t you ______what I say?=Don’t you ______me?
答案：（1）believe in （2）believe in （3）believe,believe in （4）believe,believe
2.power,strength,force 这三个词都有“力量”之意。
power用法最广，用于各种身的、心的、隐藏的、外显的力量，也可指事物的某种作用力或动力。
strength指内部的能力，是身体组织内存在的体力。
force指运用或发挥出来的外在的、活动的力，含有克服阻力而使人或物按要求的方向运动之意。
（1）Knowledge is ______. （2）The boy lifted the stone with all his ______.
（3）She doesn’t have enough ______to walk upstairs.
（4）Carrying this baggage requires a lot of ____. （5）The ___ of the wind knocked over a tree.
答案：（1）power （2）strength （3）strength （4）power （5）force
典例剖析
【例1】 （2004年上海，38）Jasmine was holidaying with her family in wildlife park ______ she was bitten on the leg by a lion. A.when B.while C.since D.once
剖析：全句意思为：“Jasmine与家人正在野生公园度假，这时她的腿被狮子咬了。”when有“在那时，突然……”之意，故选A。参见“必背句型5”。 答案：A
【例2】 （2004年江苏，23）______ I accept that he is not perfect,I do actually like the person.
A.While B.Since C.Before D.Unless
剖析：本题考查从属连词的用法。从题干内容看，主句和从句之间存在让步关系，而连词while含有“虽然，虽则”之意，故选A项。全句意思为：“虽然我承认他不是个完美的人，但事实上我的确喜欢这个人。”参见“必背句型2”。 答案：A
【例3】 （2004年天津，24）When he left ___ college,he got a job as ___ reporter in a newspaper office. A./；a B./；the C.a；the D.the；the 剖析：leave college/school 意为“离校，毕业或肄业 ”，get a job as a/an+n.意为“找到一份干……的工作”。 比较：Elvis left school and became a truck driver.艾尔维斯毕业后当了一名卡车司机。 答案：A
【例4】 （2004年湖北，28）______ with the size of the whole earth,the biggest ocean does not seem big at all. A.Compare B.When comparing C.Comparing D.When compared
剖析：本题考查分词的用法。句子主语ocean与compare之间存在被动关系，因此用过去分词。When compared=When the biggest ocean is compared with...。 答案：D
【例5】 （2004年浙江，31）______ modeling business is by no means easy to get into,the good model will always be in demand. A.While B.Since C.As D.If
剖析：全句意思为：虽然模特行业不容易进入，但优秀的模特总是哪里都需要。 答案：A
【例6】 （2002年上海,31）Alec asked the policeman ______ he worked to contact him whenever there was an accident. A.with him B.who C.with whom D.whom
剖析： 本题结构较为复杂：Alec asked the policeman to contact him为主句；______he worked为定语从句，修饰policeman。首先排除A项，因为him不能引导定语从句。依据定语从句中谓语动词work的搭配习惯，排除B、D两项，因为“与……一同工作”用work with。 答案：C
【解析】
1. D 细节理解题。从第二、三段可知，动物能提前感知到危险临近，逃到安全地方去。
2. C 细节理解题。从第三、四段可知，人和动物都能感觉到Rayleigh waves。
3. D 细节理解题。从最后一段第四句可知。
4. A 词义猜测题。该词指代的意思从前一句Maybe we screen it out because …可以确定。
【解析】
1. B 主旨大意题。本篇文章主要是向读者讲述了科学家利用摄像机捕获了一条大鱿鱼的图像，其他选项要么与原文不符，要么太片面。
2. D 词义猜测题。由文章的第三段可知科学家利用相机观测到一条大鱿鱼的情况，因此袭击鱼饵的应当是鱿鱼，所以Architeuthis指的就是鱿鱼。
3. A 细节判断题。由文章第三段和第五段可知，这些大鱿鱼主要生活在深海处，由于是在北极地区，当然也是较冷的地方。
4. C 细节理解题.由文章的第五段可知,科学家是通过跟踪sperm whale来知道大鱿鱼的大体位置。